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AIDS DRUGS, NATIONAL EMERGENCY & CIPRO Srividhya Ragavan Nat. Academy For Legal Studies & Research Current Realities • International • National International Realities Doha Declaration • Protects Public Health & Access to Drugs (Clause 4) • Incorporates Flexibilties under TRIPS (Clause 5) International Realities Doha Declaration • Interpretation of TRIPS vis-àvis Article 7 & 8 • Compulsory Licensing Powers • National Emergency • Establishing own regimes of Exhaustion International Realities Doha Declaration • Establishment of Generic Drug Industry (Clause 6) • Extension of Time (Clause 7) Why did Doha Happen • South Africa • Thailand • Brazil • India America’s Reaction to Doha • Pre-September 11th Reaction • Post War on Terror Reaction American Reiterating International Trend • Anthrax & Effect • Price Control By States • Florida • Maine Rx Program • Vermont National Realities • Amendment to Hatch-Waxman • Authorizing Parallel Imports from Canada Effect of the Changes General • International Law’s Direction • Legitimization of the generic drug industry • The Status of TRIPS as a Treaty Effect of the Changes Developing Countries • Understanding of TRIPS in Developing Countries • Bargaining Power - Anthrax & The war on terror Effect of the Changes Developed Countries • Loss of Stature • Loss of the Trade Sanction stick • Loss of Bargaining Power • New Focus on Trade Policy Effect of the Changes Pharmaceutical Industry • Loss of ‘Capitol’ • Alteration of Basic Social Contract • Market losses How? • Strategy • Legal Issues Pharma Strategy • Issues for Developing Countries – Not Patentability • Choice for Pharmaceutical Industry Pharma Strategy • Impractical Assumptions – Leading to generic drug industry • People’s Reactions • Unrealistic Expectations from the Government Legal Perspectives • Traditional Economic Rationales of Patent policies • Research & Development A Future Strategy • Strategy Focus – Investments and Relaxation –Indian Computer Industry – Better access leads to less price control – Drug Price Control Order