Transcript UNODC-report-on

Illicit Drugs in East and
Southeast Asia:
Situation and Response
Presentation to AIFOCOM-7, HCMC, Viet Nam
Jason Eligh
UNODC Country Manager a.i., Viet Nam Country Office
23 April 2010
Structure of presentation
1. Understand the situation
2. Sharpen the response
OPIATES in E/SE Asia:
“Containment is
working… but is under
threat”
Opium production in South East Asia in metric tons
2,500
Southeast Asia
production in 2009
decreased due to
lower yield in
Myanmar
Metric Tons
2,000
1,500
1,000
-25% from
2007 to 2009
500
330
0
'87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09
Myanmar
Viet Nam
Lao PDR
Thailand
Source: Opium Poppy Cultivation in South-East Asia, December 2009.
Opium poppy cultivation in South-East Asia
2004 to 2009 (in ha)
60,000
50,940
50,000
40,000
33,810
34,720
30,000
24,175
29,440
30,390
20,000
10,000
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Source: Opium Poppy Cultivation in South-East Asia, December
y 2009.
2009
Heroin situation in East and South-East Asia
Heroin use trend (2007/2008)
Heroin
Use reported by: 10 countries
Increasing: 2 (Singapore and
Viet Nam)
Decreasing: 4 (Indonesia, Lao
PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar and
Thailand)
Stable: 4 (Australia, China,
Japan and New Zealand)
Source: DAINAP
Heroin situation in East and South-East Asia
Heroin Seizure (2004 – 2008)
14,000
Seizures (kg)
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2004
2005
2006
Note: Seizures from Australia and New Zealand are not included.
Source: DAINAP
2007
2008
ATS in E/SE Asia
“Steadily worsening”
• ATS USERS: approx ½ in East and SE
Asia
• ATS SEIZURES: just under ½ global
meth seizures in E/SE Asia
ATS situation in East and South-East Asia
Meth pill use trends (2004-2008)
Use reported: 5 countries
Increasing: 4 (China,
Myanmar, Thailand and
Viet Nam)
Stable: 1 (Lao PDR
(stable after an
increasing trend for past
five years)
Source: DAINAP
ATS situation in East and South-East Asia
Meth pill seizures (2004-2009*)
60,000,000
Seizures (pills)
50,000,000
40,000,000
30,000,000
20,000,000
10,000,000
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009*
* 2009 data are preliminary and likely to be revised (likely increase).
Note: Seizures from Australia and New Zealand are not included.
•
•
2008: Total seizures 32 million (approx.) (70% in Thailand)
2007-2008 – Increasing (26%)
Source: DAINAP
ATS situation in East and South-East Asia
Crystal meth use trend (2004-2008)
Use reported: 12 countries
Increasing: 6
China
Indonesia
Japan
Singapore
Thailand
Viet Nam
Decreasing: 4
Australia
Malaysia
Philippines
Rep. of Korea
Stable: 2
Brunei Darussalam
New Zealand
Source: DAINAP
ATS situation in East and South-East Asia
Crystal meth seizures (2004-2008)
9000
8000
Seizures (kg)
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009*
* 2009 data are preliminary and likely to be revised (likely increase).
Note: Seizures from Australia and New Zealand are not included.
•
•
2008: Total seizures 8.3 metric ton (approx.) (66% in China)
2007-2008 – Increasing (13.7%)
Source: DAINAP
ATS situation in East and South-East Asia
Ecstasy use trend (2007/2008)
Use reported by: 10
countries
Increasing: 5 (Australia,
China, Indonesia, New
Zealand and Viet Nam)
Decreasing: 4 (Malaysia,
Rep. of Korea, Singapore
and Thailand)
Stable: 1 (Japan)
Source: DAINAP
ATS situation in East and South-East Asia
Ecstasy seizures (2004-2008)
6,000,000
Seizures (pills)
5,000,000
4,000,000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009*
* 2009 data are preliminary and likely to be revised (likely increase).
Note: Seizures from Australia and New Zealand are not included.
2008: Total seizures 3 million (2/3rd in Indonesia and China)
Source: DAINAP
Detailed assessments:
• 15 country reports from
East and South-East Asia
Broad overview:
• South Asia
• The Pacific Island States
Structure of presentation
1. Understand the situation
2. Sharpen the response
Sharpening the response:
• Regional Cooperation Arrangements
• Computer-Based Training (CBT)
• Border Liaison Offices (BLO)
• Container Control Programme (CCP)
• Evidence-based Drug Treatment
Regional Cooperation Arrangements
•
Regular bilateral cooperation
•
AIFOCOM: AIPA Fact-finding Committee to Combat the Drug Menace
•
JASPOC: Joint ASEAN Senior Police Officers’ Course
•
ADLOMICO: Anti-Drug Liaison Officials’ Meeting for International
Cooperation
•
IDEC: International Drug Enforcement Conference
•
HONLEA: Heads of National Drug Law Enforcement Agencies
•
MOU among the Greater Mekong Subregion (6 GMS countries +
UNODC)
•
ACCORD: ASEAN and China Cooperative Operations in Response
to Dangerous Drugs
Computer-Based Training (CBT)
Border Liaison Offices (BLO)
How Intelligence is Communicated: BEFORE BLO
National
Drug Authority
Narcotic Police
Border Police
Customs
Local Police
Immigration
CID
Country A
Country B
National
Drug Authority
Military
Intelligence
Narcotics Police
Customs
Local Police
Immigration
CID
ACTIONS
Intelligence/Information
Follow up action
General enquiries
Drug seizures
Traffickers
Drug trends
Concealment methods
ACTIONS
Intelligence/Information
Follow up action
General enquiries
Drug seizures
Traffickers
Drug trends
Concealment methods
… After BLO
Narcotic Police
Border Police
Customs
Local Police
Immigration
CID
National Drug
Authority
Country A
Country B
National Drug
Authority
BLO
BLO
BLO
BLO
BLO
BLO
Military
Intelligence
Narcotics Police
Customs
Local Police
Immigration
CID
UNODC-WCO Container Control Programme (CCP)
• In 2006 approximately 420 million container movements
across the planet; Expected to grow to 450 million by 2012
• Only 2% were inspected in any manner in 2006
UNODC-WCO Container Control Programme (CCP)
Ongoing
Interest
Cocaine
Approximately
35 metric tons
- within the wall of
bed sheet cartons
Precursor chemicals
76 tons
15 metric tons
cannabis resin
seized in
Karachi
The Anti-Narcotic
Force / Customs
Evidence-based Drug Treatment
•
Compulsory detention centres for drug users is not drug treatment
•
Methadone maintenance therapy works for opiate dependence
•
Public health interventions for drug users support public security goals
Thank you
www.unodc.org/eastasiaandpacific