Transcript Chapter 14 Social Drugs

Chapter 14
Social Drugs
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Introduction
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Widespread use
Different effects for different people
Short-term and long-term effects
Quality control
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Social Drugs
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Alcohol
Tobacco
Marijuana
Cocaine
Ecstasy
GHB
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High School Athlete Drug
Abuse
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Social acceptance, fun, curiosity
Characteristics of a drug user
– List, pg 195 – 196
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Underage use
Local schools, districts, and/or state
policies and penalties
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Table 14-3: Typical Drug
Use Statistics in High School
Students (2002)
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College Athlete Drug
Abuse
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First time on their own
NCAA
– Tracking and surveying
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Figure 14-1: Patterns of Social Drug
Use (NCAA 2001)
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Alcohol
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Very commonly used drug by athletes
Very small amounts may be helpful to
some athletes
Impairs motor skills, reaction time,
coordination
Chronic use
– Liver and heart disease, diabetes, mental
disorders
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Adverse Effects of Alcohol
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Slurred speech
Deficits in coordination and reaction
time
Decreased visual acuity
Dehydration
Increase in acidic metabolites
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Tobacco
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Social reasons, reduce stress, lose
weight
More than 4000 chemicals inhaled
when a cigarette is smoked
Can produce stimulatory or depressive
effects
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Adverse Effects of
Tobacco
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Lung damage
Trembling, shaking, agitation, nausea
Nicotine
– Irregular heart rate
– Blood flow irregularities
– Increased blood clotting mechanism
– Increases in the circulating triglycerides
leading to myocardial infarction
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Cigarette smoking
– Ulcers
– Tooth and gum disease
– Breathing disorders (asthma, emphysema)
– Skin disorders
– Complications in pregnancy
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Second-hand smoke
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Quitting smoking
– Encourage and assist athletes
– 90% recidivism rate after 1 year
– Involves great deal of support
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Marijuana
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Originally used as a sedative, to treat
constipation, obesity, loss of appetite
Became popular to get a “high”
More than 400 chemicals in marijuana
– Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
– Highly debated for legalization
– Produces relaxation for athletes
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Adverse Effects of Marijuana
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Anxiety and panic attacks
Paranoia
Increased mood alterations
Increased heart rate
Breaks with reality
Memory, concentration and learning
impairment
Decreased ambition and motivation
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Long term effects
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Cocaine
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Medicinal purpose as a local anesthetic
Abuse results in:
– Stimulation of the noradrenaline,
serotonin, and dopamine
neurotransmitters
– Produces a feeling of well being
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Adverse Effects of Cocaine
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Snorting cocaine results in:
– Nasal problems, including tissue necrosis,
chronic runny nose, and nasal cartilage damage
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Smoking cocaine
– Lung problems
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CNS over stimulation
– increase in blood pressure, heart rate, sweating,
and anxiety
– Death
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Club Drugs
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Ecstasy
Gammahydroxybutyrate (GHB)
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Implications for Activity, pg 201
What to Tell the Athlete, pg 202
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