Transcript Technical Seminar of the ISSA Technical Commission of Statistical

Measuring Social Protection
Taking stock of our statistical knowledge
Social Security Department
International Labour Office (ILO)
Show and Tell 2010
International Labour Office,
Geneva, 12 May 2010
Taking stock of our statistical knowledge|
Outline
1. SSI Overview of the ILO social security
inquiry database: Why? What and
How?
2. WSSR The World Social Security Report
Security Report 2010/ 2011
3. Concluding Challenges & Strategy
Remarks
SSI . Why? |
The ILO Social Security Inquiry
Main objective
 Building a knowledge base at the global level
 Objective: Collect, store and disseminate, on a regular and
sustainable basis, comparable statistics on the financing,
expenditure, benefit levels & coverage of social security
systems/programmes.
 Rationale: Address the lack of (comparable) social security statistics
outside the OECD world
 Collected information should
 Allow calculation of indicators for specific social security schemes and
selected aggregate indicators at national level for as many countries
as possible;
 Constitute a basis for analysis within the framework of studies and
research work;
 Contribute to measure progress towards decent work with respect to
its social security dimension;
 Be accessible to internal and external users but regulated (different
access according to category of users)
SSI . What ? |
The ILO Social Security Inquiry
Scope
 Includes data on
 Expenditure and revenue at the national and scheme levels
 Coverage and benefit levels (collected at the scheme level)
 Some background information
 Covers both statutory schemes and some non-statutory schemes
 Covers both private and public schemes
 Type of data | data collected at the scheme level from social security
institutions which administer the scheme
 Functions covered
 Old age; disability; survivors; sickness and health; unemployment;
employment injury & occupational disease; family/children, and
maternity (C102).
 Supplemented by housing; other income support and assistance
(n.e.c.) /social exclusion
 Compatibility | Systematic approach compatible with existing statistical
frameworks used in the EU (ESSPROS) and the OECD
 Focus on developing countries (EU and OECD countries being covered
by existing databases — expenditure data at least)
SSI.Where & How? | Countries covered & main
sources National coordinator & Other
ISSA countries (25)
OECD & Eurostat
sources
 Source: ISSA statistical
 Benefit expenditure
from
 National
coordinator
(32)
database on
social security
in
OECD SOCX database
ADB | Social Protection Index (27)
 Data on expenditure &
beneficiaries
 Comprehensive overview for
one or two years
 Issues: update and find more
detailed information
 Some countries partially
updated
contacting
collecting data
developing &
countries.
 Expenditure
& Revenue
from
directly
from social
security
 Long term benefits (main
Eurostat (recently Ukraine,
institutions
schemes) & in some cases
Senegal)
 Issue: No data
employment
injuryon coverage
 Issues: i) most efficient way to
 Completed
whenstatutory
possible for
 Public
compulsory
identify schemes but also the
a few countries (e.g. Australia,
schemes
most
costly one;
ii) regularity
New-Zealand,
Canada)
 and
When
possible, completed
sustainability
of the &
updated with
national
available
process
of data
collection
data
Issues
 National
reports &
websites
 Stop the(23)
process in 2006|07.
Thesecurity
objectiveinstitutions’
is to re-activate
 Social
the network of ISSA members
annual
and statistical reports
& use SSÌ
& websites
 Complete the overview
Data
collected in the context
of specific projects
SSI . What ? | Screen shots: “a guided tour in the inquiry”
Levels of information & sources
 What?
National level

Economic & financial
information
Population & Employment

Used as denominator for indicators

Social security expenditure &
revenue (IMF, ESSPROS)

 Sources


International data sources
(automatic insertion)
National sources
Scheme level
 SSI Core data
 Social security institutions |
individual scheme data
 Data entry online possible
Automatic calculation of
indicators
SSI . What ? | Screen shots: “a guided tour in the inquiry”
Step 1 |
Thailand - An Inventory of schemes
First
&&
direct
First part
part || Textual
Textualinformation
information
directlinks
links
Step
2
|
Individual
scheme
information
Description
of
information
Descriptionsecurity
of the
the scheme
scheme including
including
information
from
Inventory of social
schemes
& from
SSPTW
SSPTWQualitative & Quantitative
definition of each
scheme
Second part | Quantitative information at the scheme level
Target group, Affiliated | active contributors, Expenditure & Revenue
Third part | Benefits provided by the scheme
(beneficiaries, expenditure and benefit level)
SSI . What for? | Indicators at the national level
Systematic calculation of a set of aggregate indicators
 Expenditure indicators (30 indicators in total), such as
– Total social security expenditure as a percentage of GDP
– Expenditure by social security branch
 Coverage indicators by function (or social security branch) –
around 10 indicators per social security branch
– Protection indicators (contributors and affiliated), such as:
Trends in the number of active contributors in proportion of the
working age (or economically active population) by function
– Recipients indicators (beneficiaries)
Trends in the number of beneficiaries for a given contingency (e.g.
Old age pensioners (at all ages or above retirement age) as a
proportion of elderly population (%))
 Benefit level indicators under development
●
Depending on data availability and type of indicators
● Trends from 2000 to 2008 (especially for old age &
unemployment)
● Results for total and by sex
SSI . What for? | Aggregate indicators online
China | View all available indicators
from 2000 to 2008
View all indicators for this country
Indicators
section
SSI | Current situation
 Significant recent expansion thanks to joint efforts with the
inclusion of ISSA, ADB and OECD countries
– Agreement of joint activities on the point to be signed
between OECD, ADB and ILO
 Including OECD countries, SSI includes around one hundred
countries with “some” data
– More data on expenditure | Less on coverage & benefit
level
– Limited or no coverage information on health care but
more on pensions and unemployment
 Supplemented when possible by complementary data: mostly
household survey data
 One first significant “output”: the first edition of the World
Social Security Report (WSSR 2010/11)
2. WSSR | The World Social Security Report 2010/11
Providing coverage in times of crisis and beyond
 The first in a series of World Social
Security Reports
World Social Security Report 2010/11
Workspace
 Objectives
– To present the knowledge available on social
security coverage worldwide; and identify
existing coverage gaps;
– To provide a factual basis which helps to
monitor the global progress on social
security coverage and thus support the ILO’s
& national campaigns to extend coverage
 Deals with i) the scope, extent and level of
coverage; ii) scale of countries investment
in social security and…
 One specific topic in each new edition,
 “the crisis” in 2010/11 and “Social security
and women in rural areas in 2012/13”
 A complete set of resources: data, graphs &
databases available online
http://www.socialsecurityextension.org
World social security report section
WSSR | Indicators and further analysis
Unemployed receiving unemployment benefits
Less
than
one
third
Regional estimates
Percentage of unemployed receiving unemployment benefits (%)
Asia
0.7
World
2.2
Central and
Eastern
Europe
5.7
CIS
9.9 0.7
0
13.5
North
America
1.3
36.8 0.1
Western
Europe
20
No statutory unemployment scheme
22.7
22.8
40
Non-contributory schemes
Contributory schemes
25.6
60
44.9
Percentage
80
Latin
America
Arab States
Africa
WSSR | Chapters: “Meli-Melo” of graphs
Chapter
6 |2Coverage
othersecurity
branches
of social
Chapter
| Scope ofbysocial
coverage
security
around
the world
Thematic
focus | Social security in times of crisis
9social
|by
A first
approximation
of a other
success
factor
Chapter
43|a|Chapter
Coverage
social
security
pensions:
Chapter
Social
protection
coverage
Active
contributors
or protected
persons
a health
percentage
of
workingNumber
of branches
covered
by
statutory
security
Chapter
7as
| Minimum
income
support
and
social
Number
of unemployed
receiving
social
security
unemployment
benefits,
weighted
Chapter
8
|
Investments
in
social
security:
Amounts,
analysis
Income
security
old
age
ageprogramme,
population
employment,
latest
available
year
The
global
deficit
in
social
health
protection
coverage
and
2008–09
average,and
selected
countries,
2007–10
(Index
value
100
= January
2008)
Chapter
5in
| Income
support
to the unemployed
assistance
results and efficiency
Resources
committed,
statutory
provision
and
coverage
achieved: A
Old-age
pension
beneficiaries
as
a
proportion
of
the
elderly
by
Unemployed
unemployment
benefits,
selected
countries,
effective
access
toreceiving
health
services
in 2006
Social
protection
expenditure
by type
(ADB
definitions),
selected
Social security expenditure
by region,
weighted
bylatest
population,
latest
mapping
ofyear
countries
by
level
income
level,
various
countries,
available
year
PART
1
|
Monitoring
the
state
of
latest
available
countries,
2008
(percentage
ofincome
GDP)
available year (percentage of GDP)
Formal health coverage
social deficit:percentage
securityPercentage
coverage
of
the population
of GDP
250
100
25.1
200
18.9
Caribbean
Jan-10
Low vulnerability
HighTotal
vulnerability
Oct-09
Jul-09
Apr-09
Jan-09
Oct-08
North
America
Very low level of vulnerability
NorthMedium
CIS
Latin
Middle Asia and
Subvulnerability
Africa
America
East
the Pacific Saharan
Very highandvulnerability
the
Africa
Jul-08
Central
and
Eastern
Europe
Apr-07
50
Apr-08
5
Western
Europe
12
14
16
Chapter 1 | Definitions, standards
and concepts
Jan-08
100
0
10
Germany
Austria*
France
Sweden
Barbados
Australia
Netherlands
Spain
Denmark
Uzbekistan
United Kingdom**
Luxembourg
Finland
Ireland*
Latvia
Hungary
Canada
Iceland
New Zealand
Korea, Republic
Bahrain
United States
Czech Republic
Estonia
Ukraine*
Montenegro
Lithuania
Israel
Croatia*
Russian
Bulgaria
Hong Kong
China
Japan
Armenia
Slovenia
Moldova, Rep. Of
Romania
Belarus
Turkey
Chile
Mongolia
Aruba
Brazil
Thailand
Poland
Azerbaijan
Serbia
Uruguay
South Africa
Argentina
Tajikistan
Slovakia
Macedonia
Albania
Kazakhstan
Algeria
Mauritus
Viet Nam
15
10
8
100
PART 2 | Thematic focus — Social
security in times of crisis
150
Jan-07
Percentage of GDP
20
4not covered
6
2
Unemployed receivingEurope
unemployment
Japan
(selected
Public social security expenditure (excluding health)
Marshall Islands
benefits - non-contributory (%)
80
Uzbekistan
countries)
Public health expenditure
Kyrgyzstan
88.4
Mongolia
60
70
Unemployed receiving
unemployment
Total public social security expenditure
Rep. of Korea
Access
deficit: percentage of the
Outcome indicator: Maternal
benefits
contributory
(%)
Tuvalu
Europe
Eastern
40
population
NOT covered
60
Nauru
mortality ratio
Sri Lanka 83.0
countries)
(selected
due
to
health
professional
staff
74.6
Azerbaijan
20
(per
50 10 000 live births)
Social
insurance
Bangladesh
deficit
China
16.0
0
40
Kazakhstan
Social assistance
Western Europe
Armenia
13.6
13.5
Viet Nam
Labour
market countries)
(selected
30
India
Malaysia
Micro area based
Cook Islands10.2
20
9.865.7
Fiji
85.8
8.4
Nepal
Child
protection
set of
Complete
Relative
deficit
in per capita
health
10
Philippines
Out-of-pocket
expenditure as a
ithout
wout-ofIndonesia
spending countries
(total except
Pakistan
of total health
5.3
5.3
0 percentage
States
United
pocket) / Ref.
median
value in low
Maldives
expenditure
Bhutan
vulnerability group of countries
Cambodia
United States
Lao Peoples Democratic Rep.
Tonga
Tajikistan
Vanuatu
80
Oct-07
25
0
90
Jul-07
Indexed number of unemployment benefit recipients
(100 = January 2008)
30
Complete set of
countries
Asia
Concluding remarks | Challenges & Strategy
There is need for data and we face some common challenges
– Availability & quality of statistical information in particular in developing
countries
– Fragmentation of interventions: Multiplicity of actors and higher share of non
governmental interventions
– Deficit of coordination & network of social protection providers and social
protection statistics providers at the national level
Strategy
–
–
–
–
Build on existing data and gradually improve the knowledge base
Contribute to build capacity at the national level
Enhance the use of household survey data for coverage measures and
develop some complementary tools, in particular social security oriented
modules in household surveys (HBS, LFS)
Develop partnerships and set up agreed and shared methodologies
 Make the Social Security Inquiry “Non-ILO limited”
 Build a network of collaborators
 Combine efforts!
 Useful links @
GESS | Statistics and related pages
http://www.socialsecurityextension.org
World social security report
16