Transcript Discussion of development

Development in Africa
What does development mean in a
continent where most economic growth
is generated by resource extraction?
Amartya Sen:
Indian economist, Nobel laureate
• Should development be
measured by GDP per
person?
• What about health?
• What about happiness?
• What about democracy?
• Model of capabilities and
human development:
measure development by
child mortality rates,
education, life expectancy
The Economist Intelligence Unit Democracy index map for 2014. Greener colours represent
more democratic countries.
Full democracies: 9.00-9.99 8.00-8.99 (dark greens)
Flawed democracies: 7.00-7.99 6.00-6.99 (lighter greens)
Hybrid regimes: 5.00-5.99 (yellow) 4.00-4.99 (orange)
Authoritarian regimes: 3.00-3.99 (red) 2.00-2.99 (darker red) 1.00-1.99 (brown)
Insufficient information, not rated
Do economic growth and human
development go hand in hand?
Or can one have a wealthy economy
and lack support for human
development and capabilities?
James Ferguson
• What is globalization?
• What is his argument about
globalization and Africa?
• What did you agree with?
• What did you disagree with?
• Was his point supported or
contradicted by other readings
we have done?
Rwandan Genocide
• From April to July 1994, members of the
Hutu ethnic majority in the east-central
African nation of Rwanda murdered as
many as 800,000 people, mostly of the
Tutsi minority, mainly by machete.
• Begun by extreme Hutu nationalists in the
capital of Kigali, the genocide spread
throughout the country with staggering
speed and brutality, as ordinary citizens
were incited by local officials and the Hutu
Power government to take up arms against
their neighbors.
• Process of reconciliation after the genocide
• Rwanda now experiencing a lot of
economic growth and a repressive regime
Causes of Rwanda’s Genocide
• Most sources attribute it to longstanding ethnic tensions.
• What is Peter Uvin’s argument?
Structural Violence vs. Acute Violence
• Definitions of these terms
• Infant mortality (Deaths per 1,000 live births):
Location
Non-Hispanic White Non-Hispanic Black
Hispanic
United States
5.3
5.4
12.2
• Life expectancy at birth:
Location
White
AfricanAmerican
Latino
AsianAmerican
Native
American
United
States
78.9
74.6
82.8
86.5
76.9
• Does structural violence cause acute violence in the
US?
What were the Causes of Structural
Violence in Rwanda?
Back to Evaluating Uvin’s Argument
• What did you agree
with?
• What did you disagree
with?
• Was his point
supported or
contradicted by other
readings we have done?