Transcript ESPON project 1.3.2.

Royal Haskoning
ESPON project 1.3.2.
Territorial trends of the
Management of the
Natural Heritage
Royal Haskoning
Nijmegen, 11 - 12 Oct. 2004
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Projects core group:
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EuroNet – Royal Haskoning (lead partner), Utrecht,
Netherlands;
European Centre for Nature Conservation (ECNC),
Tilburg, Netherlands;
EuroNet – Enviplan, Athens, Greece ;
EuroNet – Land Use Consultants, London, UK ; and
EuroNet – Territoires, Sites & Cités, Lumbres (Lille),
France.
With contributions from:
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Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestale (Italy);
Eastern Norway Research Institute (Norway);
EuroNet – Taller de Ideas (Spain);
Peter Bassin (Slovenia);
Institute of Environmental and Landscape
Management,
Heriot Watt university, School of the built
environment (Scotland);
Szent Istvan University(KTI), (Hungary); and
ACER, Jelka Hudoklin (Slovenia).
Plus the respondents to the questionnaire.
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Content of presentation
• Key messages / results;
• Main maps;
• Key policy recommendations;
• Achievements;
• Networking;
• Further research / improvements
available.
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Findings in DPSIR: agriculture - nature
MACRO:
• EU policy stimulated land take for
intensive use: decreased semi-natural
area and biodiversity;
• CAP reform stimulates rural
development: turn of processes;
MESO:
• National agr. policy strongly
dependent from EU policy
MICRO:
• Rural development (CAP) includes
landscape and nature protection,
affects local/regional natural heritage.
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Findings in DPSIR: Socio econ. - nature
MACRO:
• EU policies on social/economic
coherence aim at equal developments
over EU territory, balanced
development (ESDP) aims at
differentiated solutions.
MESO:
• National soc-econ. policies are not
focussed at balanced development
(apart from few national spatial plans).
MICRO:
• Local and regional initiatives decrease
variety of local and regional natural
heritage.
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Findings in DPSIR: Infrastructure - nature
MACRO:
• Equal (road) accessibility as
prerequisite for economic
development stimulates spreading of
developments.
MESO:
• Facilities for mobility follow
urbanisation and enhance further
suburbanisation, causing pressure on
valuable landscapes.
MICRO:
• Main infrastructure causes
fragmentation of semi-natural areas;
• Facilitating local accessibility results
in soil sealing;
• Improved accessibility at the cost of
natural values.
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Findings in DPSIR: Impacts - nature
• During ages a constant decrease
of semi-/natural areas and
number of species has taken
place.
• Semi-natural area is fragmented.
The European Natural Heritage
consist of remains of semi-nature.
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Findings in DPSIR: policy Response - nature
MACRO:
• Environmental legislation.
• Birds/Habitat directive, Natura 2000,
ESDP (too new to show results).
MESO:
• National nature protection/landscapes;
• Few integral national spatial plans,
growing acknowledgement of
importance of integrated regional
planning.
MICRO:
• Growing need for integrated regional
strategic co-ordination.
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Main maps: Fragmentation index for NUTS3
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Main maps: Percentage semi-natural area compared
to urban pressure
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Main maps: Percentage semi-natural area
related to road density
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Main maps: Percentage semi-natural area
compared to changes in GDP (1995-2000)
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Main maps: Comparison of flood risk to the
percentage semi-natural area
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Spatial planning systems and protection
of natural heritage
Is the protection of your country’s natural heritage integrated into the spatial planning system of your country?
YES 80,95%
TO A GREAT EXTENT
4,76%
YES PARTLY 4,76%
NOT YET 4,76%
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YES TO SOME DEGREE
4,76%
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Example:
Potentials and threats in EU based on networks
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Key recommendations
GENERAL:
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Consider locations of WFD projects
as opportunities for natural heritage.
Explore the value for future
developments of nature and
landscapes.
MACRO:
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Identify the crossings of urban
development axes and the
ecological network.
MESO:
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Pay extra attention to balanced
development in the overlaps of both
networks.
MICRO:
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Give priority to nature on locations
of strategic importance for the
coherence of the ecological network.
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Indicators:
Aspect:
Criteria:
Agriculture
Size of agricultural area
Population
Population density
Population change
GDP
GDP change
Innovation
Bed density
Change nr. of beds
Road density
Economy
Tourism
Infrastructure
Urban pressure Population density,
GDP, bed density, road
density
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Indicators:
Aspect:
Criteria:
Built up
MEGA’s,
size built-up area
Hazard
Flood risk
Nature
Size of the semi-natural
area
Fragmentation
of natural area
Fragmentation index
Protected areas Location of areas
according to IUCNcategories
Plus:
importance of considering sites within context of
regional typology.
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Regional typology: MACRO
Inside
Pentagon
Outside
Pentagon
CEE
Island in periphery
Boreal
Continental
Atlantic
Alpine
Mediterranean
Pannonian
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Regional typology: MESO
Inside
Inside
development axis
Natura 2000 /
Emerald network
Outside
Outside
development axis
Natura 2000 /
Emerald network
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Regional typology: MICRO
In or close to MEGA
In or close to FUA
Rural area outside
FUA
Old industrial site
(protected) natural
area or cultural
landscape
Open space with
low or mediocre
natural value
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Further research issues
• Trend analyses (land cover).
• Identification of potential
conflict areas, urban
development vs ecological
network.
• Nature as an asset for
attracting economic activities.
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Improvement of data availability
• Complete Corine 2000 dataset
• Location of agricultural
intensification/abandonment
• Statistical data, such as bed
density data for all EU27,
preferably since 1950
• Long term trends for indicators
developed.
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Networking with other projects:
• Polycentricity project 1.1.1
• Hazards project 1.3.1
• Transport project 2.1.1
• Agriculture project 2.1.3
• Urban rural relations project 1.1.2
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