Transcript agriculture - Montana State University

Economy of Mali
INTRODUCTION
Economy is based on agriculture
Among the poorest countries of the world. The
per capita income was $820 in 1999
The potential wealth lies in mining, production
of agricultural commodities, adding value to
agricultural commodities, livestock, and fish.
AGRICULTURE
70% of Mali's labor force provides 42%
of the GDP
Cotton and livestock make up 75%-80% of
Mali's annual exports
Small-scale traditional farming dominates
the agricultural sector
AGRICULTURE
Most productive agricultural area lies along
the banks of the Niger river and extends
south to the borders of Guinea, I.C. and B.F.
Average rainfall varies in this region from 0.5
m per year (20 in) around Mopti to 1.4 m (55
in) in the south near Sikasso
AGRICULTURE
Rice
Grown extensively along banks of the Niger River
between Segou and Mopti (600 km)
About one-third of Mali's paddy rice is produced
along the Niger River
Less than 10% of the land along the Niger
River is under irrigation
AGRICULTURE
Dry cereals, legumes, fruits, and vegetables
are planted extensively in most parts of the
country
Cotton
Mainstay of the economy, cotton is produced
in the southern and western parts of Mali
AGRICULTURE
Cotton is not anymore the wealth
and happiness of Malian farmers
Why?
US, China, and UE farmers’ subsidies
AGRICULTURE
Stopping subsidies will generate more than $55
million per year to Mali, higher than the total
value of the United States’ assistance to Mali
Livestock
Consists of millions of cattle, sheep, and goats
Approximately 40% of Mali's herds were lost during
the great drought in 1972-74
The level is gradually being restored
Overall size of Mali's herd is not expected to reach
pre-drought levels
AGRICULTURE
Due to drought and diversion of river water for
agriculture, fish production has suffered since the
early 1980’s
Lack equipment is another major constraint
Since economic restructuring with the World Bank
and the International Monetary Fund, fertilizer and
equipment are not available to farmers from the
Central Government
FISHING
The Niger River is an important source of fish,
providing food for riverside communities
Surplus smoked, salted, and dried-fish are
exported
MINING
Gold accounts for some 80% of mining activity.
Gold has become Mali's third-largest export, after
cotton and livestock
Considerable proven reserves of other minerals
are not currently being exploited
MANUFACTURING
Consists principally of processed
agricultural products
FOREIGN AID
Mali is one of the major recipients of
foreign aid
Potentialities of the Malian economy
Arable land: 437,000 km2 (of which only 28,000
km2 are presently cultivated)
Niger River (4,200 km long of which 1,780 km
flow in Mali)
Senegal River (1,790 km of which 700 km flow
in Mali).
Irrigable agricultural land: 2,200,000 hectares
(only 242,298 hectares are irrigated)
Potentialities
Livestock: largest producer in the subSaharan region
Cotton: largest producer and exporter in west
Africa
Fruits and vegetables: mangos, beans,
onions, potatoes, tomatoes, shallots
Potentialities
Gold and other mining/extraction
Renewable energies: solar, wind, hydroelectric
Petroleum (crude oil): presently in intense
exploration in the north of the country
Existence of a free market
CONCLUSION
Improve the literacy level of mal and female
farmers and women everywhere
Set highest priority for agriculture and provide
more investment and more diversity
Increase added value of agricultural products to
earn more foreign exchange
Develop renewable energy sources
Any Questions?
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!
Kambufu, Keriba Coulibaly