Transcript agriculture - Montana State University

ECONOMY OF MALI
INTRODUCTION
Based on Agriculture
Among the poorest countries of the
world the per capita gross domestic
(GDP) $820 in 1999
The potential wealth lies in mining,
production of agricultural
commodities, livestock, and fish.
AGRICULTURE
70% of Mali's labor force and
provide 42% of the GDP
Cotton and livestock make up 75%80% of Mali's annual exports
Small-scale traditional farming
dominates the agricultural sector
AGRICULTURE
Most productive agricultural area lies
along the banks of the Niger river and
extends south to the borders of
Guinea, I.C. and B.F.
Average rainfall varies in this region
from 0.5 m per year (20 in) around
Mopti to 1.4 m (55 in) in the south near
Sikasso
AGRICULTURE
Rice
Grown extensively along banks of the
Niger River between Segou and Mopti
(600 km)
About one-third of Mali's paddy rice is
produced along the Niger River
Less than 10% of the land along the
Niger River is under irrigation
AGRICULTURE
Dry cereals, legumes, fruits, and vegetables
are planted extensively in most parts of the
country
Cotton
Mainstay of the economy, cotton is produced
in the southern and western parts of Mali
AGRICULTURE
Cotton is not anymore the wealth
and happiness of Malian farmers
Why?
US, China, and UE farmers’ subsidies
AGRICULTURE
Stopping subsidies will generate more than $55
million per year to Mali, higher than the total
value of the United States’ assistance to Mali
Livestock
Consists of millions of cattle, sheep, and goats
Approximately 40% of Mali's herds were lost during
the great drought in 1972-74
The level is gradually being restored
Overall size of Mali's herd is not expected to reach
pre-drought levels
AGRICULTURE
Due to drought and diversion of river water for
agriculture, fish production has suffered since the
early 1980’s
Lack equipment is another major constraint
Since economic restructuring with the World Bank
and the International Monetary Fund, fertilizer and
equipment are not available to farmers from the
Central Government
FISHING
The Niger River is an important source
of fish, providing food for riverside
communities
Surplus smoked, salted, and dried-fish
are exported
MINING
Gold accounts for some 80% of mining
activity. Gold has become Mali's thirdlargest export, after cotton and livestock
Considerable proven reserves of other
minerals are not currently being exploited
MANUFACTURING
Consists principally of processed
agricultural products
FOREIGN AID
Mali is one of the major recipients of
foreign aid
Potentialities of the Malian economy
Arable land: 437,000 km2 (of which only 28,000
km2 are presently cultivated)
Niger River (4,200 km long of which 1,780 km
flow in Mali)
Senegal River (1,790 km of which 700 km flow
in Mali).
Irrigable agricultural land: 2,200,000 hectares
(only 242,298 hectares are irrigated)
Potentialities
Livestock: largest producer in the subSaharan region
Cotton: largest producer and exporter in west
Africa
Fruits and vegetables: mangos, beans,
onions, potatoes, tomatoes, shallots
Potentialities
Gold and other mines
Renewable energies: solar, wind,
hydroelectric
Petroleum (crude oil): presently in intense
exploration in the north of the country
Existence of a free market
CONCLUSION
Improve the litteracy rate of farmers
and women
Prioritize agriculture and provide
more investment and more diversity
Increase added value of agricultural
products to earn more foreign
exchange
Develop renewable energy sources
Any Questions?
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!
Kambufu