Transcript Implementing SEEA in Europe - European Commission

Environmental accounts
- the European
perspective
Pedro Díaz Muñoz
Eurostat
Director of sectoral and regional
statistics
The Accounts of Society - Luxembourg, 12‐13 June 2014
Eurostat
Overview
 Purpose of environmental accounting
 Europe as a world leader – where we are
 The international context (System of
environmental-economic accounting)
 Next steps in Europe (European Strategy for
Environmental Accounts 2014-2018)
 Final remarks
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Environmental accounting - what and what for?
• Presents environmental information in a way that is
compatible with national accounts using the same concepts
and classifications (example: not territory but residence
principle which fits to GDP)
• Integrates existing data into a coherent framework
• Basic accounting frameworks are supply-use tables (=what
goes in comes out) and balance sheets (=opening stock
plus changes gives closing stock) applied to environmental
issues
• Allows analysis and modelling of environmental effects of
economic activities and of policy measures
• Main areas:
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•
•
•
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Physical flow accounts (air emission, energy…)
Monetary environmental accounts (taxes, outlays…)
Asset accounts (physical and monetary)
Research in ecosystem accounting
Europe a world leader in environmental accounting
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
Pilot work with Member States since 1990s
Handbooks and voluntary data collections
European Strategy for Environmental Accounts
Legal acts:
 Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 on European
environmental economic accounts - 3 modules with data
transmission obligatory since 2013:
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Air emissions (14 pollutants x NACE A*64 + households)
Environmental taxes (4 types x NACE A*64 + households)
Material flow accounts (some 50 categories -> Direct Material Consumption
indicator to measure resource productivity)
• Regulation No 534/2014 amending 691/2011
3 new modules with data transmission obligatory from 2017:
• Environmental protection expenditure account
• Environmental goods and services account
• Physical energy flow accounts
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adds
Accounts integration
various indicators,
amongst which:
Europe‘s “footprints“
modelling
environmentally extended input-output
data framework
Integration
Physical accounts
- Air emissions accounts
- Material flow accounts
- Energy flow accounts
- Water accounts
- Land accounts
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Monetary flow accounts
-
Environmental expenditure accounts
- Environmental taxes
- Environmental goods and services
.
National accounts
- Supply, Use and
Input-Output Tables
(SUIOTs)
.
Residence principle (used in the national
accounts) versus territory principle
(differences can be big for some countries)
Air pollutant: Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
DENMARK
Unit: 1000 tonnes (Gg)
Bridging items
Total Air emissions accounts (industry + households)
less National residents abroad
National fishing vessels operating abroad
Land transport
Water transport
Air transport
plus Non-residents on the territory
Land transport
Water transport
Air transport
Other adjustments and statistical discrepancy
'Total CO2 emissions without LULUCF' as reported to UNFCCC
Year of submission to UNFCCC
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2010
2011
86,649.48
38,442.32
1,798.18
34,465.39
2,178.76
603.61
603.61
-
84,226.03
40,939.31
1,323.68
37,445.88
2,169.76
603.61
603.61
-
48,810.76 43,890.32
2013
2013
Example: industry profiles
(shares of
different industries in main characteristics, EU 27, 2010)
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Global Perspective
C
O
products
Production:products
Consumption:
industries
households
products
Capital
formation:
investments
EU economy
Capital
formation:
investments
Rest of the
World
exports
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C
O
2
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imports
Production:
industries
Consumption:
households
Example: IO modelling with air emission
accounts: carbon footprints 2009
t/cap
8.0 t/cap
EU-27 domestic production
9.4 t/cap
9.4 t/cap
7.9 t/cap
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Example: Environmental tax revenue by type, EU-28,
2002 – 2012
(million EUR and % TSC)
350 000
7.5
300 000
7.0
250 000
200 000
6.0
150 000
5.5
100 000
5.0
50 000
0
4.5
2002
2003
2004
Energy taxes
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2005
2006
Transport taxes
2007
2008
Pollution/resource taxes
2009
2010
Total env. taxes in % of TSC
2011
2012
% TSC
Mio euro
6.5
Example: Environmental taxes in % of TSC and GDP, 2012
•
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*Data for Hungary are preliminary
Cepa
Cepa
Cepa
Cepa
1:
2:
3:
4-9:
air and climate protection
wastewater management
waste management
other environmental protection
CreMA 10: water (incl. water supply)
CreMA 13: energy from renew. sources + heat/energy savings
Example: Resource productivity
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Information
pyramid
layers:
Data
Accounts
Indicators
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Eurostat
Overview of RE indicators from official statistics
STATISTICS and ACCOUNTS
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Some INDICATORS

Land cover and land use statistics
(and accounts)
Land use indicators
Protected areas

Energy statistics (and accounts)
Energy efficiency
CO2 early estimates
Renewable energy
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Waste statistics and other waste
legislation (Waste Data centre)

Chemicals
Waste generation (activity/waste
category)
Waste Treatment (Recycling,
incineration…)
Municipal Waste generation and
treatment
Hazardous waste
…
Production harmful / toxic chemicals
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Water statistics (and accounts)
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Forestry statistics (and accounts)
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Environmental accounts

EE SUIOT
Exploitation of water resources
Wastewater treatment
Forest surface
Resource productivity
Domestic material consumption (DMC)
Environmental taxes / protection
expenditure indicators
GHG emissions and air pollution
Carbon footprint / RMC
International context
• UN Statistical Commission (UNSC) in 2012
adopts the System of EnvironmentalEconomic Accounting– Central
Framework (SEEA-CF) as an international
statistical standard.
• UNSC in 2013 adopts an implementation
strategy for SEEA-CF which proposes a
flexible and modular approach. In the EU,
SEEA-CF is implemented through the
European Strategy for Environmental
Accounting (ESEA) 2014-2018.
• UNSC in 2013 also welcomed the SEEA Experimental Ecosystem Accounting as a
first step towards developing a statistical
framework for ecosystem accounting, and
encouraged its use by international and
regional agencies and countries wishing to
experiment in this new area of statistics
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Next steps – the new European Strategy
for Environmental Accounts 2014-2018
The 3rd 5-year strategy after ESEA 2003 and 2008 –
adopted by ESSC on 15 May 2014. Main elements:
• Further improve quality of 1st set of modules (air
emissions, environmental taxes, material flows)
• Promote uses of available data (e.g. footprints)
• Faster publication & early estimates for EU aggregates
• Implement 2nd set of modules (EPE, EGSS, PEFA)
• Invest in statistical infrastructure (classifications,
cooperation with other statistical areas…)
• Develop methods/test new modules (water, forests,
environmental subsidies, resource management)
• (Assist EEA on ecosystem accounting)
• (Implement climate-change related statistics)
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Tools in the EU
Regulation: an obligation
Monitoring compliance (blame and fame)
Supplementary voluntary data collections
Task forces and Working groups
Handbooks and compilation guides
Training material and training courses
Financing implementation in EU (grants)
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Example: Handbooks and compilation guides
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June 2013
Final remarks
• Global aspects of environment
Global consequences of pressures
Global consequences of economic options
• Importance of standards
Comparability/ Sharing knowledge
• Analytical capacity
Building indicators
Linking economy and environment
• Feasible
Tested in many countries
Available methodologies, training, expertise…
Advocacy material
Country benchmarking
Available basic data
Funding opportunities
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Thank you
for your attention!
[email protected]
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