Transcript Mikhail Rykhtik

“The problem of mono-cities in the Russian
High North: the case of Severomorsk”
Mikhail Rykhtik, Lobachevskiy State University of Nizhni
Novgorod, Russia
Severomorsk - the capital of the Northern
Fleet
city Severomorsk
Roslyakovo
Safonov
Severomorsk -3
Schukozero
Legal Basis
The first specialized legal act - Federal Law N 3297-1-FZ "On the Closed City"
on July 14, 1992.
But among the special position of other territorial entities of the Russian
Federation
The features of the Closed city
1) Presence of local governments;
2) Location within the closed formation of the industrial enterprise on development,
manufacture, storage and disposal of weapons of mass destruction, recycling and other
radioactive materials, military or other object for which a special regime of safe
operation and protection of state secrets;
3) Special conditions of residence of citizens;
4) Special decision of the President of the Russian Federation.
Closed city - Severomorsk
Closed City - territorial entity having local government within which there are industrial
enterprises to develop, manufacture, storage and disposal of weapons of mass destruction,
recycling and other radioactive. Materials, military and other objects for which there exist a
special regime of safe operation and protection of state secrets, including special living conditions
of citizens (Art. 1 of the RF Law "On the Closed City)
Federal subordination:
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Closed city - it is run by the federal authorities on questions:
of establishing administrative authority;
the boundaries of the education and land allocated to enterprises and (or) objects;
of determining the powers of the state. constituent entities of the Russian Federation in respect of
the said training;
of providing a special regime of safe functioning of enterprises and (or) objects, include special
accommodations citizens, the protection of public order and fire safety.
Federal laws, laws and other normative legal acts of subjects of the Russian
Federation, and also normative legal acts of local governments apply to the
closed city, with the specifications established by the RF Law "On the Closed
City."
The rights of citizens living or working in the closed city, can not be restricted
except in accordance with laws of the Russian Federation.
The Closed city identity:
In addition to the group of powers to address issues of local importance
(LSG Law) ...
Specificity of the Closed entails granting local authorities the power to a particular
group:
• coordination enterprises (objects), guard units, the police, civil defense with the
threat of emergency situations;
• development schemes alert and evacuation in the event of an accident or when
the threat;
• participate in determining the access mode (together with management
(facilities);
• the monitoring of health, environmental and other state territory; permission for
entry and exit from the Closed city.
The Closed city identity:
The modern version of the Law "On the Closed" - the general principles of social support of citizens
living in these territories, "General social compensation includes an increased level of budgetary
security of the population, social protection, benefits in pay, national insurance and employment
security"
First, it provided compensation for additional costs and (or) loss budgets of the closed city related to a
special security regime of functioning
Second - payments to the local budget, the activities of enterprises, by activity which formed the
Closed city.
Non-tax revenues
116 576.6 thousand.
Rubles.
Gratuitous receipts
1840 073.0 thous. Rub.
Income per
1 pers.
43 014.7 rubles.
BUDGET
Spending per 1 person
47 080.4 rubles.
Population of
Severomorsk
67,663 people.
Expenditure of Budget 3185 602.5
thousand. Rub.
Tax revenues
953 850.7 thousand.
Rub.
Budget revenue 2910 500.3 thous.
Rub.
BASIC FEATURES OF THE SEVEROMORSK BUDGET
in 2014 http://www.citysever.ru/byudzhet_dlya_gr/
Education
2148 246.6 thous. Rub.
Housing and communal services
439 613.7 thousand. Rubles.
Culture and Cinematography
223 768.7 thousand. Rub.
Social policy
93 277.4 thousand. Rub.
National economy
60 885.9 thousand. Rub.
Other expenses
219 810.5 thousand. Rub.
Structure of budget revenues of Severomorsk in 2014
The structure of the budget expenditures of Severomorsk in 2014
Main features of the budget of Severomorsk in 2014 and the planned period 2015 and 2016
SPECIFICS OF SEVEROMORSK
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Location: privacy and security
Physical protection of the territory
Restrictions on investment and the exchange of information
Budgeting - federal transfers
The economic base - Naval Base
Limited social and engineering infrastructure
Specific demographic and human resources potential of the territory
SPECIFICS OF SEVEROMORSK
Identity crisis - probably not
The mobility of the border (Teriberka until 2005, Roslyakovo (?))
Since 2006, in the closed city of Severomorsk there has been an increase in the
birth rate (number of births in 2009 increased by 3.3% compared with
2008). Employment.
Economy CATF is not suited for large-scale, especially sudden, external
investments
Changes
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The role of military force / review of nuclear doctrines. MO - as a "city-forming
enterprise."
(Monitoring of layoffs during the global economic crisis, held by order of the Health
Ministry of the Russian Federation of 28.11.2008 № 683, shows that the labor market
Closed City reform of the armed forces has a greater impact than the negative trends
in the global economy )
The Office - the role of informal power
Increasing competition for access to social benefits ("Superchitatel)"
Internal factors
Strengths:
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Fiscal capacity
MO - stable employer
Financing is stabile
Low unemployment
Good pre-school and secondary education
Internal factors
Weaknesses:
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Dependence on FB
Limitation of rights
A graduate student prefers to leave
The complexity of the job change
The scope is limited to recreation and leisure activities
Distribution (several settlements)
External opportunities
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Arctic
Defense spending grow / military education
The increasing complexity of the geopolitical picture
Nuclear weapon
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External threats
The ratio of state to the Closed city
Black Sea Fleet of the Navy
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Unalternative - Navy base of SF
Reduced mono specialization (controversial? Roslyakovo)
Comprehensive and continuous interaction with the Ministry of Defense
Actively lobbying at all levels
Thank you for your attention!