Transcript CITIES AT RISK

CITIES AT RISK
A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT
CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER
FOR THE BENEFIT OF MILLIONS
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
EXAMPLE: THIRTY-FIVE CITIES
AT HIGH RISK FROM
EARTHQUAKES
These cities have physical and
socioeconomic factors known to increase
risk (the chance of loss) to people,
buildings, and infrastructure when a M7.0
or greater earthquake occurs
ELEMENTS OF RISK
HAZARDS
EXPOSURE
RISK
VULNERABILITY
LOCATION
FAULT RUPTURE
DAMAGE/LOSS
EARTHQUAKE
GROUND
SHAKING
DAMAGE/LOSS
TSUNAMI
DAMAGE/ LOSS
TECTONIC
DEFORMATION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
FOUNDATION
FAILURE
DAMAGE/ LOSS
SITE
AMPLIFICATION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
LIQUEFACTION
DAMAGE/ LOSS
LANDSLIDES
DAMAGE/ LOSS
AFTERSHOCKS
DAMAGE/ LOSS
SEICHE
DAMAGE/ LOSS
FACTORS KNOWN TO INCREASE
URBAN RISK FROM EARTHQUAKES




exponential growth in population
high density urban development
a low GDP and a deep poverty cycle
lack of enforcement of a modern building
code and modern infrastructure standards
 lack of modern emergency management
 high to very high seismicity
 prone to landslides and liquefaction
 prone to tsunamis, in some cases
TEHRAN, IRAN IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
ALGIERS, ALGERIA IS VULNERABLE TO
EARTHQUAKES
GREATER CAIRO, EGYPT IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
DEHLI, INDIA IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
KATHMANDU, NEPAL IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
ISMIT, TURKEY IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
ISTANBUL, TURKEY IS VULNERABLE
FROM EARTHQUAKES
WENCHUAN, CHINA IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
TASHKENT, UZBEKISTAN IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
JAKARTA, INDONESIA IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
MANILA, THE PHILIPPINES IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
MEXICO CITY, MEXICO IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
SANTIAGO, CHILE IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
ANTOFAGASTA, CHILE IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
QUITO, ECUADOR IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
CARACAS, VENEZUELLA IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
THESSALONIKI, GREECE IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
LISBON, PORTUGAL IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
BARCELONA, SPAIN IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
TANGSHAN, CHINA IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
KOBE, JAPAN IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
NAGOYA,JAPAN IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
TOKYO, JAPAN IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
TIA JUANA, MEXICO IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
LOS ANGELES, CA IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
SAN FRANCISCO IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
SEATTLE, WA IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES
ANCHORAGE, ALASKA IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
VANCOUVER, CANADA IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH IS
VULNERABLE TO EARTHQUAKES
MEMPHIS, TN IS VULNERABLE
TO EARTHQUAKES