Transcript Production - Class Index

Agenda
► Questions?
► Review
Today



Test 1 reminder, October 6
Assignment 1
Regional Economic Change
►


Growth Pole Theory and Lethbridge
World Levels of Development
Wednesday Chapter 4
Fundamental Issue: Concentrate
Effort or Spread Effort?
Regional economic policy in Canada: the role
of the state, again!
► Agricultural rehabilitation
► Appalachia and “War on Poverty”
► DREE: Department of Regional Economic
Expansion – 1969 – a new department
► Growth Pole theory: a new strategy
► Atlantic Canada and Quebec were main
beneficiaries. See Thayer Watkins:
►
►
http://www2.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/canada.htm
Lethbridge
In 1970s, designated as the Growth Pole
for the lagging region of southern Alberta
► Grants to Swift Canadian, Lethbridge Iron
Works, Canadian Dressed Meats, Kirchner
Machine, Western Canadian Seed Processing
(now Canbra Foods).
► Later incentives to attract Palliser Distillers,
Kawneer, among others
► Details?
►
Swift Canadian, 1971
(Sakai Spice, 2002
According to Donald Savoie in Regional
Economic Development: Canada’s Search for
Solutions (1992):
“Outside firms lured into a region solely on
the basis of incentives have not performed
as well as initially envisaged. Indeed, we
can confidently report that large cash grants
to businesses to see them locate economic
activities in slow-growing regions have
never lived up to expectations.”
(p. 257)
World Levels of
Development
GNP/capita
(total value of good
and services
produced) in US$
to compare levels of
economic activity
(Wheeler et al. p. 39)
An alternative
economics…
An alternative definition of
world levels of development
People are the real wealth of nations. Indeed,
the basic purpose of development is to enlarge
► human freedoms. The process of development
► can expand human capabilities by expanding
► the choices that people have to live full and creative
► lives. And people are both the beneficiaries
► of such development and the agents of the
► progress and change that bring it about. This
► process must benefit all individuals equitably
► and build on the participation of each of them.
► This approach to development—human
► development—has been advocated by every
► Human Development Report since the first in
► 1990.
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►
How do we measure
Human Development?
►A
composite measure…
► Difficult to compare countries:
 Life expectancy at birth
 Adult literacy rate
 Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary,
secondary and tertiary schools
 GDP per capita converted to US$ PPP
►
Convert to indices and combine to HDI
Source: UNDP
HDR 2004, p. 128
Source: UNDP
HDR 2004, p.
134
Source:
UNDP
HDR 2004,
p. 134
High human development group
LE at birth
GDP
US$
1 Norway 78.9
36,600
2 Sweden 80.0
26,050
3 Australia 79.1
28,260
4 Canada 79.3
29,480
5 Netherlands 78.3 29,100
6 Belgium 78.7
27,570
7 Iceland 79.7
29,750
8 U.S. 77.0
35,750
9 Japan 81.5
26,940
10 Ireland 76.9
36,360
Life Ed
GDP HD
Index Index Index Index
0.90
0.92
0.90
0.90
0.89
0.90
0.91
0.87
0.94
0.86
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.99
0.99
0.96
0.97
0.94
0.96
0.99
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.95
0.94
0.95
0.98
0.93
0.98
0.956
0.946
0.946
0.943
0.942
0.942
0.941
0.939
0.938
0.936