Transcript Transportation and the Economy/Management

Transportation and the
Economy
H. Scott Matthews
March 2, 2004
Admin / Announcements
 Midterm
Due Thurs!
 Thurs: HW #3 passed out (due 3/23)
 Next week: Spring break
Recap of Recent Lecture(s)
 Prob/stats
discussion about models to
envision, predict, portray infrastructure
effects
 Including deterioration models
 How can we apply these?
 Need data
 What kind of data exists?
What is Management?
 The
act, manner, or practice of
managing; handling, supervision, or
control: management of a crisis;
management of factory workers.
 The person or persons who control or
direct a business or other enterprise
 Source:
American Heritage Dictionary (00)
2 (familiar?) slides from the first lecture in the course:
What is Infra. Mgmt.?
 Administrative
process of creating,
planning, and maintaining our
infrastructures
 An integrated, inter-disciplinary process
that ensures infrastructure performance
over its life cycle
 Life cycle is entire time from design
through decommissioning
How did we claim to achieve/realize this goal?
Policy Issues
 Need
to recognize geographical or
locational needs/differences
 Need
flexibly-designed standards at
federal, state levels (e.g. snow in NE US)
 Systems
designed flexibly to
accommodate technological change
 Need to track/predict performance
indicators
How to Manage
Transportation Infrastructure?
 Brainstorm
 Manage
 Source:
ways to make decisions..
life cycle costs based on ___?
“Transportation and the
Economy”, AASHTO, May 1998.
AASHTO Excerpt

Benchmarks how important highway
investments are to economy (and well being)



Rates of return of investments
Important metrics - tell us everything?
Prioritize multi-modal transport programs?

i.e., rail vs. truck vs. air decisions

Using this info for toll/tax decision making
 Difference in-house vs. outsourced
transportation


3% vs. 5% of GDP from transportation
Focuses mainly on freight transport but
personal/passenger also relevant
Where do you THINK data
comes from for these facts?
 Or,
what would ideal data/modeling look
like?
Background on Data Sources
 Several
major components
 Department of Commerce
 Shipments,
 Department
 Commodity
locations, employees, etc.
of Transportation
Flow Survey (CFS)
 Consumer Expenditure Survey
 American Travel Survey (Households)
Commodity Flow Survey

Multimodal - Flow of goods & materials by mode
 Samples 200,000 establishments randomly from
a universe of about 800,000 engaged in mining,
manufacturing, wholesale, etc.
 Each selected establishment reported a sample
of abut 25 outbound shipments for a one-week
period in each of four calendar quarters in 1997.
 Total sample of over 5 million shipments. For
each shipment: zip code of origin and
destination, commodity shipped, weight, value,
and modes of transport
 Data for all modes used per shipment
CFS Outputs

State-to-state level transport data

http://www.bts.gov/ntda/cfs/cfs97od.html

Approximate distances and routings
 Estimates of freight movement within/to/
from/through per state (truck ton-miles)



See Map 1 in Handout
Similarly, see Map 2 for Passenger
How would this data change your thoughts on
highway funds allocation?
Woodrow Wilson Bridge

I-95 over Potomac (near Wash, DC)
 Used CFS data to estimate shipments that
happened over the bridge
 $58 billion in 1993 (1.3% of total)
 30 million tons (0.5% of total)
 About $1/pound (3x higher than avg)


Why? Mix of commodities different
Note some shipments missed (farm,
construction, transportation, retail)..
 CFS data didn’t give exact routes - had to
guess
Technology Applications

This is not enough data to make
management decisions - get more?
 How?
 Track/locate individual vehicles
 Schedule/route vehicles
 Fleet/logistics management application
 Fleet managers can get value from these
approaches (better, faster freight business)
 Connected w/ Geographic Info Systems (GIS)
Security Perspective
 Might
want to be able to track/ verify
shipments entering an area (e.g. US)
 With all of this, what kinds of solutions
could be implemented?
Other Issues
 “Data
Gaps”
 NAFTA (North American Free Trade
Agreement)
 Effects of just-in-time inventory mgmt