Transcript Simon Ellis, UNESCO Institute of Statistics

Statistics for periodic
reporting
Simon Ellis
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
What’s it for?


Outstanding Universal Value?
Management process?
Risk/threat
 Resources


Future plans?

All of the above!!
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
What can we expect?
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From site managers

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EU/NA everything?, other regions much
less??
Statistics or qualitative info?
Resources


database design > data entry > extraction
> publishing > long term maintenance
Training; glossaries, technical assistance,
capacity building
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Fundamental principles of statistics

Minimise the collection burden on
countries
Fitness for purpose
 Do not duplicate collection of the
same information
 Only collect what is needed and use
all that is collected

UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Iceberg or Pyramid?
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Site level
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Management
effectiveness
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National level
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Management
effectiveness
Publication
Prioritisation
Identify best
practice




INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Publications and
reviews
Prioritisation
Identify best
practice
Global level


UNESCO
Regional level
Universal value
Prioritisation
Evidence based policy
Response rates ~ local co-operation
70%
Cooperation and
Collaboration with
Local authorities in
the Nomination
Process
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Africa


Arab
States
Asia
Pacific
LAC
Cooperation and
Collaboration with
Local Population in
the Nomination
Process
Less than 60% of countries reported whether they
had involved local authorities or communities
In Arab States less than 40%
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Low response rates ~ some reasons



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Design issues; use of colour
Capacity; resources, technical skills
Results not used
Understanding; language, concepts
Number of open questions; length of
time/thought required
Other work; relevance, priority
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
The questionnaires

Too many questions

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Complex notes
Translation/adaptation issues
Too many questions about uncertain future
For each question ask for all regions
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often open-ended, no time to process = not used
Duplication, inconsistency
Flow and routing
Is this often filled in? Are answers clear?
Is the data used in publications and reports?
Are answers/non-response followed up?
Use and feedback
Periodicity; to what extent is structure fixed for whole
reporting cycle? Regional cycle = reduced comparability
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
A new strategy


At international level put resources into
improving response rates in a smaller
set of ‘core’ data
Review questionnaire design consider
mixed instruments

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Data sheet
Structured questionnaire (matrix, yes/no)
Interview (qualitative data)
Inventory (facilities)
Leave detailed interpretation to national
(and regional?) levels
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
A core data set (all types of site)
Absolute minimum
 Site ref no
 Staff numbers
 Area covered by designation
 Population in smallest surrounding
administrative community
Other possibilities less likely to be available
 Annual visitor numbers
 Budget for on-site activities
 Scientific/research publications
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Purpose of indicators

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To provide a broad brush picture of
trends and patterns of distribution
To inform policy decisions
To suggest areas for further
investigation/research
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Indicators
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Designation issues
Financial resources
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Human resources
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GDP
Staff
State of Conservation
Survey problems mean only first
category can currently be assessed
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Designation ~ number of sites by type
and region
60%
50%
40%
Natural
30%
Mixte
20%
Cultural
10%
0%
Af
ric
a
UNESCO
Ar
ab
St
at
es
As
ia
/P
EU
ac
i
fic
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
L
/N
Am
er
ica
Am
er
ica
/C
ar
ib
Designation ~ mountain sites by
criteria, nos of sites 1979-1993
10
9
8
7
6
Africa
5
Asia/Pacific
4
3
Europe/ North
America
2
1
0
Criteria N Criteria N Criteria N Criteria N
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Latin America/
Caribbean
Finance
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Budget in relation to national GDP
% of national budget allocated to
cultural and natural heritage
% of site budget expenditure
allocated to conservation
% of ticket revenue allocated to
site where available
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Sites at risk in relation to GDP
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Human resources ~ what level of
detail?


Headcount or full time equivalent
Trained personnel
Cannot judge the quality of the
course
 Training v. years of experience


Duties are they distinct roles

Conservation, guide,
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Potential HR indicators
Human resources
 Percentage of staff allocated to
conservation, preservation
 Numbers of staff related to
numbers of tourists
 Numbers of staff in relation to local
population
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS
State of Conservation
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Measures in relation to key
thresholds – visitors, acidity
Regular maintenance – budget,
staff time
Measures of annual change –
change in average annual rainfall
(acidity?), changes in numbers of
species etc.
UNESCO
INSTITUTE for STATISTICS