Transcript Global Tourism Development

Global Tourism
Development
Achievement standard 3.7
Introductory information
Prior Knowledge:
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What do you know about Global Tourism?
France most visited place in world
Economic breakdown/recession has
impacted Global Tourism, it has slowed
Europeans, Asians and Americans are the
main tourists
The Pacific is one of the fastest growing
areas, great resorts, climate and price
Statistics and Data
France is the MOST POPULAR destination
in the world. Why?
1950 = 25 million international arrivals
2005 = 806 million
ALL areas in the world have experienced growth, the most dramatic is
has been in Asia and the Pacific, followed by the Middle East.
What hemisphere do you think
most people like to go to? Why?
Europe and the America’s
share 76% of the global
market share
 In 1950 they shared
95%
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Patterns
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In 2001 there was a small decrease
(0.5%) in the number of international
tourist arrivals, why?
In 2002 the number increased by 2.7%.
Cheap airline flights in North America
and Europe have kept growth high. ‘Do it
yourself’ booking and planning has
become more popular with the internet.
Tourism and the World Economy
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6% of worldwide exports of goods and
services is from international receipts
Tourism demand depends strongly on
economic conditions in generating
markets.
A generating market is the place tourists
come from.
Income and Tourism
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When economies grow (ours isn’t at the
moment!), levels of income grow and a
large amount of disposable incomes is
spent on tourism.
In other words, if you have spare cash,
or can save money, you often spend it
on a holiday.
GDP
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Gross Domestic Product
The gross domestic product (GDP) or
gross domestic income (GDI), a basic
measure of a country's economic
performance, is the market value of all
final goods and services made within the
borders of a nation in a year.
GDP and Tourism
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When growth in country (GDP) exceeds
4%, the growth of tourism volume tends
to be higher. When it falls, so does
tourism growth.
Tourism 2020 Vision
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This is a WTO’s (World Trade
Organisation) long term vision, forecast
and assessment of the first 20 years of
this millennium.
They predict patches of fast growth and
ones of slow, the outcome being growth,
but at a slower rate.
Psychocentric and Allocentric
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‘P’sychocentric and ‘A’llocentric create
differing patterns of concentration and
dispersal.
‘P’ enjoy tourist destinations that are
familiar and have “western ammenities”
‘A’ tourist are more adventurous and
avoid mass areas like Disneyland
Predictions in Tourism
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By 2020, the top 3 regions will be
Europe, followed by East Asia, then the
Pacific.
Long haul travel worldwide will grow
faster. Why?
Overall, growth is predicted to continue
What has caused this GROWT
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Living standards have improved
worldwide
Literacy rates have improved
Increase in personal incomes
Ageing population
Increased Leisure time
Can travel further, and faster
H?
More GROWT
H?
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Competitive industry, better prices and choice,
eg, Samoa, Fiji, Tonga, Cooks?
Rise in eco-tourism
Greater interest in cultures
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ALL OF THESE ARE PROCESSES
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Significance of Global Tourism
Development for People
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In 2003, Tourism accounted for 7.6% of
world’s total employment (indirect)
And a total of 10.2% of the world’s total
GDP
However, there are always positives and
negatives of Tourism
Benefits/Positive Effects
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Revenue (money) for individuals and
Governments
Employment
Local jobs, Local goods
Preservation of important sites
Beautification
Rise in property value
Costs/Negative Effects
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Over reliance on the Tourist dollar
Seasonal employment
Mass produced souvenirs,
tokenism
Cultures are diluted
Crime, drugs, prostitution
(Thailand)
Enclaves of tourism, or pockets of
wealth or services that ‘only
tourists can use’
Summary Slides
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Key ideas:
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Patterns, Processes and Effects
What Patterns are seen in
Global Tourism?
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All areas have experienced growth
Northern hemisphere continues to be strong
Tourist numbers have grown
Tourists like travelling to familiar, close to home
places
Asia and Pacific has largest growth
Countries with most cash (wealthy), do the
most travelling
Future patterns
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Africa will become more popular due to
better long haul flights
Middle East (ie Dubai) continue to be
popular
Europe and Americas will loose some of
their popularity but remain as the top 2
destinations
Dubai = Growth
Amazing
This places
has the
highest
builders per
capita.
Dubai has
literally
designed
and built its
own
environment
What Processes are involved in
Global Tourism?
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Development (increased affluence)
Increased awareness (internet, TV)
Better transportation (long haul flights better
and cheaper)
Increasing range of tourism (eco, adventure,
cultural, spa, learning)
Better services (safety, food, accomm,
infrastructure
Competition and Marketing (NZTB and ‘The
Bachelor’
NZTB and ‘The Bachelor’ =
clever promotion/marketing!!
What are the key effects?
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Changes at all levels; socio-cultural,
economic, environmental
Pollution
Cultural resurgence
Jobs and Economic Development
Beautification
Tokenism
Quote: Break it up into 3 parts.
What does it mean if you had to
discuss it?
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“Global tourism Growth and Development
has significant impacts on people and
places: socio-culturally, economically and
environmentally. This effect can be
positive or negative, as well as direct and
indirect. The impacts can be on people and
places, both tourism source and
destination.”