Transcript Hu Jintao Era-Harmounious Society

The Hu Jintao-Wen Jiabao Era
Harmonious Society
Wanli Hu
The China Program Center
University of Massachusetts Boston
Contents
1. Mao’s Revolutionary Years 1949-1976
2. Deng Xiaoping’s Economic Reform 19782002
3. The Hu Jintao-Wen Jiabao Era-A
Harmonious Society 2002-2012
4. The Foreign Policy of the Hu Jintao-Wen
Jiabao Era
Mao’s Revolutionary Years
1949-1976
• Ideological Revolution
– Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought
– Continuous revolution
– Revolution-oriented economic development
– Equalitarian but poor society
• Achievements
– Gained independence and maintained state sovereignty
– Changed an agrarian China into an industrial China
• Lessons
– Lifelong-rule, personal cult and dictatorship
– Isolated China from the world
– Economic & social disasters one after another
Deng Xiaoping’s Economic Reform from1978 to 2002
• Mission: Economic development is priority
– economic development replaced continuous revolution
– Market-oriented economy
– Stimulated and justified people’s motivation of making
fortune
• Open-door policy
• Achievements
– China becomes the second largest economy
– 400 million people are out of poverty
– Free-migrant, dimensioned and dynamic society
appeared
Deng Xiaoping’s Economic Reform
• Lessons
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GDP-oriented economic development
Political conservative-corruption
Environment deteriorated
No moral guidance
Imbalance
• The rich vs. the poor
• East China vs. west China
• City vs. the countryside
Hu Jintao-Wen Jiabao Era
• Build a harmonious society
• Peaceful development in the world
• A harmonious Society:
– Balance between cities and the countryside
– Balance between east and west China
– Balance between economic development and
healthy society growth
– Balance between human beings and environment
– Balance between export and domestic market
Balance between city and the
countryside
• Tax exempt in the countryside in 2005
• Free education from 1-9 grade in 2011
• Urbanization 48%
Balance between east China and west China
• Help west China catch up east China
• Infrastructure, transportation, energy and energy
transportation, irrigation
The Three Gorges Dam, Tibet railroad, gas
transportation
Balance between economic development
and healthy society growth
• GDP-oriented economy gave away to a humane
society
• Increased concern for social justice, fairness, and the
need to create a social safety net
• Respect, understand and take care of people,
and maximize people’s potential development
Balance between human beings
and environment
• Reduce GDP to 7% in 2011
• Sustainable development
• Renewable and clean energy: China’s
investment is $ 64 billion in 2010 (No. 1 in
the world) and its solar and wind energy
takes 50% of the world.
Balance between Export and Domestic Market
• Reduce export and stimulate domestic consuming
Hu Jintao-Wen Jiabao Era
– Human beings and environment
• Reduce GDP to 7% in 2011
• Sustainable development
• Renewable and clean energy: China’s investment is
$ 54 billion in 2010 (No. 1 in the world) and its solar
and wind energy takes 50% of the world.
Limitation of the Hu Jintao Era
• Stability is priority
– Political conservative
– No freedom press
– Corruption has been a popular phenomenon
4. . The Foreign Policy of the Hu Jintao-Wen Jiabao Era
• Peaceful development
• A harmonious world
– China respects the current rules which the West
made
– Sino-US Economic and Strategic Dialogue
• China won’t challenge the leadership of the US
• The US should respect China’s core interests
Thank you!
•Questions?