Transcript Group Decision Support System (GDSS)

BUSINESS INTELLIGENT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
By Daniel Damaris Novarianto S.
Decision Support System
Definition
An interactive computer-based system or
subsystem that helps people use computer
communications, data, documents, knowledge
and models to identify and solve problems,
complete decision process tasks, and make
decisions.
Decision Making & Problem Solving
Process
Rational Decisional Making Process and
Information Systems
Decision Support System
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Output
What-If Scenarios,
changing input to fit
desired output
Statistical testing
Process simulation
New relationships &
patterns
DSS Assumptions
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Is good information and analysis essential for fact-based
decision-making?
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IF YES, THEN Build DSS when good
information is likely to improve decision-making
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Build DSS when managers need and want
computerized decision support
Classification with User
Passive DSS
DSS
Active DSS
Cooperative DSS
Classification with User (Cont.)
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Passive DSS:
Just collect data and organize it effectively
 They do not suggest a specific decision
 They only reveal the data
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Classification with User (Cont.)
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Active DSS:
Actually process data
 Explicitly shows solutions based upon that data
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Cooperative DSS:
Modify, complete, or refine the decision suggestions
provided by the system, before sending them back to
the system for validation
 The system again improves, completes, and refines
the suggestions of the decision maker and sends
them back to her for validation
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Classification Criteria: Mode of
Assistance
DSS
Communication
Driven DSS
Data Driven DSS
Document
Driven DSS
Knowledge
Driven DSS
Model Driven
DSS
Classification Criteria: Mode of
Assistance (Cont.)
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A Communication-Driven DSS supports
more than one person working on a shared task;
examples include integrated tools like
Microsoft's Net Meeting or Groove.
A Data-Driven DSS or data-oriented DSS
emphasizes access to and manipulation of a time
series of internal company data and, sometimes,
external data.
Classification Criteria: Mode of
Assistance (Cont.)
Data-Driven DSS
TPS
MIS
Data
Warehouse
- Events
in sequence (buying this & then that)
- Things that go together (contents of
shopper’s cart)
- Grouping of people (customer types)
environment
Data
Mining software
Classification Criteria: Mode of
Assistance (Cont.)
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A Document-Driven DSS manages, retrieves,
and manipulates unstructured information in a
variety of electronic formats.
A Knowledge-Driven DSS provides
specialized problem-solving expertise stored as
facts, rules, procedures, or in similar structures.
Classification Criteria: Mode of
Assistance (Cont.)
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A Model-Driven DSS emphasizes access to and
manipulation of a statistical, financial,
optimization, or simulation model. Model-driven
DSS use data and parameters provided by users
to assist decision makers in analyzing a situation;
they are not necessarily data-intensive.
Classification Criteria: Mode of
Assistance (Cont.)
Model Driven DSS
Data
transformation models
MIS
environment
- What-If
- Process simulation
- Statistical tests
Classification Criteria: Scope
DSS
Enterprise
- wide DSS
Desktop
DSS
Classification Criteria: Scope
(Cont.)
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An enterprise-wide DSS is linked to large data
warehouses and serves many managers in the
company.
A desktop, single-user DSS is a small system that
runs on an individual manager's PC.
DSS’s Benefits
Improves personal efficiency
 Expedites problem solving (speed up the
progress of problems solving in an organization)
 Facilitates interpersonal communication
 Promotes learning or training
 Increases organizational control
 Generates new evidence in support of a decision
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DSS’s Benefits
Creates a competitive advantage over
competition
 Encourages exploration and discovery on the
part of the decision maker
 Reveals new approaches to thinking about the
problem space
 Helps automate the managerial processes.
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Group Decision Support System
(GDSS)
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A GDSS combines communication, computing,
and decision support technologies to facilitate
formulation and solution of unstructured
problems by a group of people.
Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) are
a class of electronic meeting systems, a
collaboration technology designed to support
meetings and group work.
GDSS (Cont.)
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GDSS are distinct from Computer Supported
Cooperative Work (CSCW) technologies as
GDSS are more focused on task support,
whereas CSCW tools provide general
communication support.
GDSS (Cont.)
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Group Decision Support Systems
(GDSS) were referred to as a Group Support
System (GSS) or an Electronic Meeting
System or Groupware since they shared similar
foundations.
GDSS (Cont.)
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Today, GDSS is characterized by being adapted
for a group of people who collaborate to
support integrated systems thinking for complex
decision making.
Participants use a common computer or
network to enable collaboration.
Advantages of GDSS
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Adapting human factors for these technologies,
Facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration, and
Promoting effective organizational learning.
More participation
Group synergy
Automated record keeping
Advantages of GDSS (Cont.)
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More structure in the meeting
Higher group satisfaction with the meeting
process.
The new technology has enabled larger groups
to meet, resulting in more information,
knowledge, and skills that are brought to bear to
the task at hand.
Disadvantages of GDSS
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Slow Communication
Not all Tasks are Amenable to GDSS
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