Transcript question - AP Comparative Government & Politics

AP COGO
UNIT 1
Trivia Review
Round 1:
Sovereignty,
Authority, & Power
Round 1: Question 1
• QUESTION: Term for a population with
common historical, ethnic, linguistic
and/or religious bonds
• ANSWER: nation
Round 1: Question 2
• QUESTION: States ability to carry out
actions/policies within their borders
independently without interference
• ANSWER: sovereignty
Round 1: Question 3
• QUESTION: Give an example of a regime
change
• ANSWER: Must be a change in the political
system of the state (ex. Democratic to
authoritarian)
Round 1: Question 4
• QUESTION: Define legitimacy
• ANSWER: Citizen’s acceptance of a
government’s right to rule
Round 1: Question 5
• QUESTION: Identify two differences
between a democratic and an
authoritarian regime
ANSWER: may relate to…civil liberties, rule
of law, elections/political parties
Round 2:
Political
Institutions
Round 2: Question 1
• QUESTION: Describe the difference between
a unitary and a federal form of gov’t
• ANSWER: Unitary = all policymaking
powers in one place (central gov’t)
• Federal = power divided between central
gov’t and subunits; regional bodies have
significant powers; devolution of powers
Round 2: Question 2
• QUESTION: Identify the AP6 countries with
a unitary government
• ANSWER: Unitary – UK, Iran, China
Round 2: Question 3
• QUESTION: Give one reason that a unitary
gov’t may devolve power
• ANSWER: Ethnic, economic or spatial forces
Round 2: Question 4
• QUESTION: Identify one political institution
and describe its role
• ANSWER: Executive, Legislative, Judicial,
Bureaucracies, Electoral Systems…
Round 2: Question 5
• QUESTION: Explain the difference between
the role of the head of state and head of
gov’t
• ANSWER: Head of State – mostly symbolic;
may or may not have power
• Head of Gov’t – carries out day to day
activities of gov’t
Round 2: Question 6
• QUESTION: Explain one difference between
a parliamentary and presidential
democracy
• ANSWER: Fusion of powers vs separation
of powers; head of gov’t picked by MP vs
head of gov’t directly elected; cabinet =
leaders of majority party vs cabinet picked
by pres
Round 2: Question 7
• QUESTION: FPTP/Plurality Electoral
Systems encourage_______, while
electoral systems based on Proportional
Representation encourage ___________.
• ANSWER: two-party systems; multiparty
systems
Round 2: Question 8
• QUESTION: What is a key difference
between interest groups and political
parties?
• ANSWER: Political parties nominate and
run candidates for office but interest
groups do not
Round 2: Question 9
• QUESTION: How do interest groups differ
in authoritarian states as opposed to
democratic ones?
• ANSWER: Serve as “transmission belts” to
convey party beliefs rather than pluralist
groups that try to influence public policy
Round 2: Question 10
• QUESTION: Explain the difference between
a referendum and a plebiscite
• ANSWER: Referendum – nat’l ballot called
by gov’t on a policy issue – voters decide
outcome directly
• Plebiscite – nonbinding vote to gauge
public opinion on an issue
Round 3:
Citizens, Society &
the State
Round 3: Question 1
• QUESTION: Identify 3 bases of social
cleavage (*not looking for
coinciding/cross-cutting)
• ANSWER: Social Class, Ethnicity, Religion,
Region
Round 3: Question 2
• QUESTION: Term for a citizen’s capacity to
understand and influence political events
• ANSWER: Political Efficacy
Round 3: Question 3
• QUESTION: Countries with this type of
regime usually have higher levels of social
capital
• ANSWER: Democratic
Round 3: Question 4
• QUESTION: Political ideology that believes
the state has a strong role to play in the
economy and public benefits to make
society more equal BUT also values
personal freedoms and private ownership
• ANSWER: Socialism
Round 3: Question 5
• QUESTION: Define political socialization
AND identify one agent of political
socialization
• ANSWER: Process by which basic political
attitudes and beliefs are developed
• Agents include family, schools,
government, media, religious
organizations
Round 3: Question 6
• QUESTION: Two defining components of
civil society
ANSWER: Voluntary and outside of the state
Round 4:
Political & Economic
Change
Round 4: Question 1
• QUESTION: What are the 3 trends of
development as outlined in class notes?
• ANSWER: Democratization, Movement
toward market economies, Revival of
Ethnic/Cultural Politics
Round 4: Question 2
• QUESTION: Describe the difference between
a command and market economy
• ANSWER: Command – central planners
plan economies based on plans and quotas
– public/gov’t ownership of means of
production; Market – economic decisions
based on supply and demand of
consumers; private ownership of means
Round 4: Question 3
• QUESTION: Term for the process of limiting
the power of the state over private
property and market forces
ANSWER: Economic Liberalization
Round 4: Question 4
• QUESTION: Identify what each of the
following measures:
• GDP, GINI Coefficient, Freedom House
Rating, HDI
• ANSWER: GDP = size of economy, Gini =
inequality, Freedom House = Political
Rights and Civil Liberties, HDI = standard
of living
Round 4: Question 5
• QUESTION: Explain the difference between
a procedural (illiberal) and substantive
(liberal) democracy
ANSWER:
Procedural – free and fair elections
Substantive – free and fair elections + more
political rights and civil liberties