Transcript Caribeanst
Culture & Economy December to April May to November Typical tropical climates of hot, humid, and wet. Days consistently more sunny, dry, and warm. Nassau, The Bahamas 40 20 30 15 20 10 10 5 0 0 J F M A Max Temp M J J A Min Temp S O N D Rainy Days $450.00 $400.00 $350.00 $300.00 $250.00 $200.00 $150.00 $100.00 $50.00 $0.00 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 Category 1 Winds from 119 – 154 kph Category 2 Winds from 155– 178 kph Category 3 Winds from 179– 210 kph Category 4 Winds from 211 – 250 kph Category 5 Winds from 251 kph The rich cultural Caribs were wiped out by diversity of the Caribbean is a further attraction for the tourists. Region is named after the Caribs- the indigenous group that originally inhabited the region. the Europeans during several hundred of years (Britain, Spain, French, and Dutch) The Europeans have settled there and they are now part of the ethnic mix. 75% are of African decent, originally as slaves. Country GDP Industries Country GDP Industries Antigua & Barbuda $10 462 Tourism Haiti $1 539 Sugar Aruba $32 308 Tourism Jamaica $5 015 Tourism Bahamas $28 769 Banking Martinique $15 385 Rum Barbados $15 846 Tourism Puerto Rico $12 615 Tourism Bermuda $44 615 Tourism St. Kitts & Nevis $8 769 Tourism Cayman Isl $36 615 Tourism St. Lucia $6 769 Clothing Cuba $2 277 Sugar St. Vincent & Grenada $3 369 Bananas Dominica $3 846 Agriculture Trinidad & Tobago $20 769 Oil Dom. Rep. $4 108 Tourism US Virgin Isl $18 231 Tourism Grenada $4 862 Food Canada $37 000 Energy Bermuda and Cayman Islands have same level of incomes as Canada. They offer offshore banking for companies and wealthy citizens of foreign countries Removes taxation on the money when placed or removed from account. Also attract people from developed countries who would like to invest in businesses on the islands. They make money from the interest (which is considerably lower when compared to US and Canada) Enforced by the Europeans, the islands are still producing products that placed them on the map. Agriculture, and Sugar are 2 major exports Demand for sugar fell, bringing most islands into an economic turmoil. They turned to Tourism and for most islands, this has placed them in a one-dimensional economy, dependant on Tourism to support them. Production of Rum is also a major export, and each island prides itself for producing the best Rum. Tourism is considered to be an Export Why? Nothing comes out of the country. They consider memories as an Export since you pay money to come and you return with memories. The money made from resorts, food purchases are normally split in shares with the owner, the workers, government, and the local community Positive Tourism’s Effect on Communities Economically the benefits can be seen as two-fold. First, tourist spending injects foreign money into the economy Second, it creates jobs for the local people We might think that the total benefit a country receives is equal to the total amount of money tourists spend in the country. In fact, the effects of tourist spending on the economy are much greater… why? Multiplier Effect $100 1st Round 2nd Round 3rd Round $43 – Wages Wages Wages $31 – Goods $82 Services Goods Services $67 Goods Services Taxes $8 – Taxes $18 Profit Taxes $15 Profit $12 Profit Foreign Ownership Tourist dollars are a great benefit to a local economy. But not all the money a tourist spends stays in the local economy. Some of it leaks out to foreigners. Foreign Owned Hotels, Some of the money will make it’s way back to the Foreign Country. Wages can be paid to Foreign Workers, where they will spend in their home country. Interest payments on loans may be paid to foreign banks. Advertising in foreign countries. Many goods and services have to be imported. To much Foreign Ownership can be damaging to a local economy. Comparing with Canada, most of the money will take 14 rounds before leaking out, compared to less than 10 in the Caribbean. Negative Impacts on Local Economy Supply and Demand for local goods will drive up the prices, so high that some locals may not be able to afford new clothing. The “Boom-Bust” cycle: Where resorts close their doors for Hurricane season, leaving local workers with a job. This can cause a reverse multiplier effect. Less money means less purchasing which leads to less production, finally cutting work for factory workers. Cultural Inundation Large-scale tourist developments changed the rural living patterns. Seasonal work patterns created Traditional skills of some workers are lost Inshore fishing has declined, since fishing boats are used for tourism. Local foods, music and clothing styles have been influenced by North Americans Local properties are now commercialized Crime Levels have increased 6 Stages of Tourism Development Exploration 1. Few tourist and tourist facilities Difficult Access and little tourist impact on Island Wealthy and exploring Tourist (looking for the wild) Involvement 2. Local attempts to develop facilities More accommodations and the quality increases Tourism seasons emerge Development 3. Extensive promotional efforts are created Larger accommodations and local involvement increases Peak Season – Tourist outnumber locals Artificial events are created to attract tourists 6 Stages of Tourism Development Cont’d 4. Consolidation 5. Tourism is now a critical economic sector Large proportion of employment is in Tourism Stagnation Area is losing attractiveness Overuse and overcrowding becomes common Reputation of delays and poor service develops 6. Rejuvenation? Stability? Decline? What happens next?