Transcript China

China
By Berrelar and Emily
Background
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Capital: Beijing
Population: 1.357 billion (2013) World Bank
Currency: Renminbi
Gross domestic product: 9.24 trillion USD GDP
per capita: 6,807.43 USD (2013)
Communist
Containers from China
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On 4th November 2007, the container ship Emma Maersk
docked at Felixstowe It was carrying 11,000 containers –
mostly for the UK Christmas market .
2006: 16% of imports to Felixstowe port UK were from
China
Since 1980 the UK has experienced a 30 Fold increase in
trade with china.
2009: UK imports £22.8 billion worth of goods From China
Growth
 Manufacturing
 National
growth
 Consequences of growth
 Global growth
 Energy
 Services
Manufacturing
 The
automobile industry
 The steel industry
 The petrochemical industry
 The motor industry
 The consumer goods sector
National Growth
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National Factors
During the period from 1948-76 The economy was centrally planned,
Goods were produced for the consumption of Chinas own people,
and the little individual wealth or overseas business was permitted.
Following his death in 1976, new rulers developed an ‘open door
policy’ to investment from overseas from 1986 onwards
In the 1990’s, china transformed to a more capitalist economy,
allowing individuals accumulate wealth by producing goods and
services, without state interference
China’s massive population and huge natural resource base provide
both the workers and raw materials for industrialisation
Chinas increasing need for energy will be helped by the Three Gorges
Dam – its 25 generating providing enough energy to supply 11-15% of
China’s energy.
Prolonged spending on health and education over 50 years has
provided a healthy, literate and skilled workforce.
The creation of special industrial export processing zones has
stimulated mass manufacturing on a scale unimagined 25 years ago
Consequences of Growth
Is it fair?
 East
Grew Faster than west
 Famines in late 1950’s
 China has a rich energy potential.
 Electricity demand is higher than
production.
 Urban Rural inequality
 Raising the living standards in rural areas.
Global Growth
A US intelligence portrait of the world in 2030 predicts
that China will be the largest economic power, climate
change will create instability by contributing to water
and food shortages, and there will be a "tectonic shift"
with the rise of a global middle class.
Demand for food, water, and energy will grow by
approximately 35, 40, and 50% respectively owing to an
increase in the global population and the consumption
patterns of an expanding middle class.
Global Factors
In 2001, China joined the world trade Organisation.
TNCs now invest in China to take advantage of low
labour costs and the and the special economic zones.
Since 2000, china has been the largest recipient of
overseas investment and 53% of its exports are
produced by foreign owned companies or those in
partnership with Chinese companies. 60% of the
increase in world trade between 2006-07 was a result of
Chinas industrialisation, and in 2007, china overtook the
USA, consuming:
 67 million tonnes of meat (USA 39 million tonnes)
 258 million tonnes of steel ( USA 104 million tonnes).
Before 2050, China will be consuming more oil and
paper than the world now produces.
Energy
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Since 1980 Chinas energy production has grown dramatically
80% of all power is generated from fossil fuel
17% from HEP stations
2% from nuclear energy.
China has a rich overall energy potential, but most sources
have not yet been developed
The geographical distribution of energy puts most of these
resources relatively far from their major industrial users: the
industrialise regions around Guangzhou and the lower
Yangtze region around shanghai have too little energy, while
there is relatively little heavy industry located near major
energy resources in north-east, central and south-west china.
Although electricity generating capacity is growing rapidly, it
still falls considerably short of demand. This is partly because
energy prices have been fixed so low that industry has few
incentives to conserve. In addition, it has often been
necessary to transport fuels great distances from the mines to
consumers.
Services
 Service
Sector Ranks 7th in the World
 2005: service Sector produced 40% of China’s
GDP
 The biggest boost to this sector was when china
hosted the Olympic games in 2008
 Tourism is expected to grow by between 4% and
8% in the next 5-10 years
 Worlds top tourism industry by 2020?