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Green development as green new deal More of Joie de Vivre with less Resource use Friedrich Hinterberger Introductory Speech at the International Workshop „Green Development“ Bologna, May 14 2014 Inhaltsverzeichnis Today Overconsumption? Tomorrow Joie de Vivre? To get there You can‘t manage what you can‘t measure today: Overconsumption ? Biodiversity Loss Desertification Danger to freshwater reserves Climate Change Peak Oil Oil production in a ‚deep historical perspective‘ (millions of barrels per year) Source: Douthwaite, 2006 Global environmental problems …caused by extensive resource use related to production and use of products. Mitigate environmental problems by reducing resource use in absolute terms. Overall objective to reduce the overall resource use caused by products Carbon is not enough! Resource use categories Abiotic materials (incl. fossil fuels) Biotic materials Water Land area Greenhouse gas emissions Tomorrow: Joie de Vivre ? Our economy is the instution we created to produce what we want to have a good life! The „good economy“ should serve „the good life“! E.Phelps (Nobel Laureate in Economics, 2006) Back to the roots of Sustainable Development “Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs“ What are needs? What is their link to well-being, capabilities, values, quality of life, …? How can they be addressed in our work? Consumption and Quality of Life (I) Consumption Quality of Life Consumption serves our needs and increases our material and immaterial quality of life Material well-being enables consumption The “good life” is defined in material terms by most people Consumption and Quality of Life (II) BUT: quality of life can even decrease with increasing consumption Consumption Quality of Life • directly: addiction, trheadmills • Indirectly: resource used endangeres eco-systems Key challenge for sustainable development • No country in the world has so far achieved a combination of high resource productivity, high levels of social & human development, and low per capita consumption! • Early industrialized economies are the most resource efficient countries in the world (excluding indirect flows) • BUT: high p.c. material consumption not environmentally sustainable. • AND: exploiting the rest of the world with severe impacts on QoL there Sustainable strategies – high QoL Slow food • • • • Movement coming from Italy; 80.000 members in 100 countries Philosophy of enjoying Counter movement to uniform, globalised fast food With pleasure – aware – regional – saisonal – organic Simple living • • • • LOVOS: lifestyle of voluntary simplicity Lifestyle as alternative to consumption oriented affluent society Criticizing materialism and fast living Bewusste reduction of consumption: for higher quality of life and less resource reduction • Outwardly more simple and inwardly more rich! • Book by Tiki Küstenmacher: Simplify your life To get there: you can’t manage what you can’t measure The concept of ecological rucksacks/footprints (=resource consumption) traces back resource consumption, emissions, environmental impacts over the whole chain of production or value chain. Resource use categories Abiotic material footprint Biotic footprint Water footprint Land footprint Carbon footprint tonnes per capita Resource consumption per capita 40 35 Raw Material Consumption (RMC) / capita 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Oceania North America Europe Latin America World average Source: SERI and Friends of the Earth, 2009 Asia Africa Ecological rucksacks: a sense of justice Why is measuring important? Clear communication in an understandable way is key to reach target audiences. Targets can only be defined based on clear measurement systems and robust indicators. Policy makers demand solid information to design appropriate policy responses. (Self-) evaluation and (cyclical) re-design of policies -> scoping, visioning and learing! (www.matisse-project.net) INPUTS and OUTPUTS over the whole value chain INPUT: material, water, land Infrastruktur Anbau Verarbeitung Distribution Einzelhandel Verwendung OUTPUT: emissions, waste, dangerous substance, etc. Recycling/ Entsorgung Example: water footprint of 1 espresso : 140 litres Source: Water Footprint Network, 2009 „Frontpage indicators“: the Economic Income (GDP) Quality of life Total material consumption GDP and well-being GDP and Life Satisfaction 1973 - 2002 200% 180% Life Satisfaction 160% GDP 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Source: Layard Eco-efficiency more quality of life… … .... less resoruce use! 29 Principles for sustainable products • materials: light, small „rucksack“, separable, close to natural cycles • use: durable, robust, long-time fashionable recyclible, degradible • design: functional, timeless, adaptable, modular, originale (artisan) • technology: re-newable, repairable, upgradable (in technical, organisational and economic terms) • regional cycles for materials, products and services • markets: for products and services, first and second (third, fourth…) hand MIPS MaterialInput (resources, water, land, carbon...) per unit of Service (eg 1 person travels 1 km or lives on 1 m2) The goal: reducing resource use by a factor X (by 75, 80, 90%) ! 31 We all can/must contribute! Business: provide products and services that increase QoL with much less resources. Citizens: question their own patterns of consumption and provide examples for others Policy: creats the framework and gets the prices right. Research: develops the concepts, measures the effect and spreads the news (Resource) consumption Future of (resource) consumption and quality of life Vision Quality of life Thank you very much / millegrazie! www.seri.at/FH/