Transcript Diapositiva 1

MEXICAN SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM
An Overview
January 17, 2003.
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Science and Technology Law
1970
Law to Create the National Council of Science and
Technology CONACYT
1985
Law to Coordinate and Promote Scientific and
Technological Development
1999
Law to Foment Scientific and Technological Research
2002
Science and Technology Law
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
1970 – 2000 Evolution of Mexico’s S&T
 Absence of long term policy and goals;
 A weak institutional framework for action;
 Uncoordinated budgetary decision making;
 Academic research often unrelated to social needs.
 Low private investment in R&D
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Current Situation
• The Mexican Research System is small (0.45% GDP), but
Internationally competitive.
• The R&D personnel numbers 25,000;
• Best scientists belong to the National Research System (SNI),
with over 8500 members
• Over 100 Universities and R&D Centers of excellence in all
research fields;
• 2.8 million enterprises, 99,7% SME, less than 500 invest
regularly in R&D
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Current Situation
 Centers of excellence in key technologies;
 Centers of excellence in social sciences;
 2.21 million undergraduate students in Mexico.
(20% of total population aged between 18 and 25)
 0.22 million graduate students in Mexico.
 17,000 CONACYT national and overseas
scholarships for graduate students in all knowledge
areas .
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Due to its future demographic structure, Mexico needs to invest in
Education and S&T to compete in a knowledge-based economy .
Age
2000
2020
2050
100
80
60
40
20
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
Men
Women
7,098
46,890
43,493
60 años y más
20 a 60 años
0 a 20 años
16,069
66,930
36,307
60 años y más
20 a 60 años
0 a 20 años
42,482
61,188
26,056
60 años y más
20 a 60 años
0 a 20 años
0
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
Thousand Persons
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Science and Technology Law
•
PRESIDENT
GOVERNMENT AND
COORDINATION
POLITICS
INTER-MINISTRY COMMITTEE
SHCP-CONACYT
PARTICIPATION
GENERAL COUNCIL
Advisory Forum for
Science & Technology
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
INTER-SECTOR
COMMITTEES
CONACYT
GENERAL DIRECTOR
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
CONACYT Organic Law
General Council of Scientific
Research & Technology
Development
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Advisory
Forum for Science &
Technology
CONACYT
GENERAL
COMMITTEE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
National Net of
Research
Groups & Centers
GENERAL DIRECTOR
National Conference
for Science &
Technology
S&T ADMINISTRATION
CONACYT
Centers
GENERAL DIRECTOR = EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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Grupos y Centros de Investigación
CONACYT FUNDS
National Conference of Science
& Technology
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (LOCAL
ORGANISMS OF S&T)
CONACYT
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PROMOTE ACTIONS TO SUPPORT S&T
RESEARCH
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Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Special Program on Science and
Technology 2001-2006
OBJECTIVES
I. LONG TERM POLICY
FOR SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
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Grupos y Centros de Investigación
II.INCREASE SCIENTIFIC
& TECHNOLOGICAL
CAPABILITIES
III. ENHANCE
COMPETITIVENESS AND
INNOVATION
Special Program on Science
and Technology 2001-2006
I. LONG TERM POLICY
FOR SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
1. Establishment of a
National System of
Science & Technology
2.New legal framework
(already in place)
3.Foster strategic areas of
knowledge
4. Descentralization
5.Fostering a Science and
Technology culture
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Special Program on Science
and Technology 2001-2006
II.INCREASE SCIENTIFIC
AND TECHNOLOGICAL
CAPABILITIES
6. Increase R+D National
Budget to 1% of the GDP
in 2006
7.Increase scientific and
technological personnel
number
8.Promote basic, applied &
technological Research
9.Enhance Science and
Technology infrastructure
10.Focused International
Cooperation
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Special Program on Science
and Technology 2001-2006
III. ENHANCE
COMPETITIVENESS
AND INNOVATION
11.Increase private
investment in R&D (40% of
national expenditure by
2006).
12.Promote technology best
management practices
13.Promote researchers
hiring by private sector
14.Strengthen infrastructure for
competitiveness and
innovation
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Main Goals of the Special
Program of Science and
Technology 2001-2006
1. Federal Investment in Science
and Technology
2002
2006
1.1 Federal expense in Science
and Technology as a % of the
Federation Outcomes Budget
1.84
(2.7b USD)*
4.00
(6.5b USD)
1.2 Expenditure in investigation
and experimental development
(Experimental Research and
Development) as a % of the GNP
0.45
(1.7b USD)
1.00
(4.7 b USD)
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Main Goals of the Special
Program of Science and
Technology 2001-2006
2. Personnel in Science and
Technology
2000
2006
0.75
(25,000)
2.0
(80,000)
2.2 % of Research personnel in the
private sector
20%
40%
2.3 New scholarships for the
education of investigators
6,500
12,100
2.1 Number of Researchers for
every 1,000 Economically active
people
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Main Goals of the Special
Program of Science and
Technology 2001-2006
3. Research Funds
2002
3.1 Total amount
0.1 b USD
2006
2.5 b USD
3.2 Number of Sectorial Funds
14
20
3.3 Number of Mixed Funds
24
32
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
New Orientation
1970 - 2000
Knowledge supply
model
Knowledge demand model to:
2000
and
beyond
•Reinforce Scientific Infrastructure
•Tackle National problems,
• Increase competitiveness of industry and
• Create High Added Value Enterprises
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Vision 2025: A Road Map for Mexico’s
S&T Growth (R&D as % of GDP)
Level of Science
and Tecnology per
Country
High
Medium
Low
Emerging
2001
2012
2006
Germany, Korea, USA,
France, Israel, Japan,
Sweden, Taiwan
2.00
2025
>2.00
2.00
Australia, Canada,
China, Italy, Norway,
United Kingdom,
Singapore
1.35
Brazil, Spain, Italy,
Poland, Russia
0.75
2018
1.50
1.00
Mexico, Argentina,
Chile, Turkey
0.00
0.40% R&D as% GDP
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Foundations
Take off
Fast Growth
World Class
Mexico needs to take advantage of public/private Partnerships (PPP) Scheme
•Assimilate best practices in PPPs
• Growth of S&T System through Partnerships between R&D Public centers
and Industry
• Leverage Private Investment in R&D through government tax credits and
other joint funds
• Foster Public Private consortia in Industrial Clusters
• Strengthen Basic Research through International Partnerships &
Cooperation
• Public/Private funding for high tech enterprises
• Public/Private/Partnerships to increase awareness of the importance of
Social Sciences to solve complex problems in Economics, Social Change
and Sustainable Development
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Human Resources for S & T
TOTAL PERSONNEL
NATIONAL RESEARCH SYSTEM
25 000
8 000
(in the last 30 years 100 000 students have been supported by CONACYT
with posgraduate scholarships)
2001
2006
NGP
0.4%
1%
PUBLIC/PRIVATE
80/ 20
60/40
PROPORTION SCIENTIFIC AND
TECHNOLOGICAL PERSONNEL 25 000
80 000
RESEARCHERS AT SNI
8 000
24 000
MEXICO CITY/PROVINCES
PROPORTION
49/51
30/70
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Fuente:Informe general del estado de la ciencia y la tecnología 2002
Programa Especial de Ciencia y Tecnología 2001-2006
Strategic Objectives
1. Increase scientific and technological capacity
a) Structure National System of Science and Technology.
b) Increase National Budget for Research and Development.
c) Increase postgraduate degree personnel number .
d) Promote regional development through science and technology.
e) Increase Mexican Society Scientific and Technological Culture.
f) Promote international coooperation in science and technology.
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Strategic Objectives
2. Increase competitiveness and innovation in industry
a) Establish some financial support and tax reduction incentives for
companies who invest in R&D.
b) Promote technology as a better path for the progress in the industry.
c) Better expansion of National System of Science and Technology.
d) Take better advantage of National Science and Technology System.
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
Strategic Objectives
3. Determinate a state policy in Science and Technology
a) The new CONACYT as an efficient instrument for the current
administration
b) Improve the process to allocate the federal government resources
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
ARTICULATE
BUDGET
COORDINATE
PROMOTION OF THE SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY LAW
(ACT OF CONGRESS MAY
1999)
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
ENABLES
CONACYT
TO
ACTIONS
CONCENTRATE
EFFORTS
EVALUATE
RESULTS
Thank you
Dirección Adjunta de Coordinación de
Grupos y Centros de Investigación
www.conacyt.org.mx