Transcript EDUCATION

Looking Back, Looking Forward
Joel Packer, CEF Executive Director: [email protected]
7/6/11
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The Committee for Education Funding (CEF) is
the oldest and largest education coalition.
We represent over 85 national organizations
and institutions from PreK through graduate
education – including NASP.
For more information: www.cef.org
Follow us on Twitter:
www.twitter.com/edfunding
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Rising K-12 Enrollments
Public school enrollment (in thousands)
54,000
52,000
50,000
48,000
46,000
44,000
42,000
40,000
93 995 997 999 001 003 005 007 009 011 013 015 017 019
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Source: CEF based on NCES Projections of Education Statistics to 2019
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Rising Higher Education Enrollments
Enrollment in Degree-granting Institutions
(in thousands)
23,000
22,000
21,000
20,000
19,000
18,000
17,000
16,000
15,000
14,000
93 995 997 999 001 003 005 007 009 011 013 015 017 019
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Source: CEF based on NCES Projections of Education Statistics to 2019
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Unemployment Linked to
Educational Attainment
May 2011 unemployment rate
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
Less than H.S. diploma
H.S. graduate
Source: CEF based on BLS data
Some college or
Associate's Degree
Bachelor's Degree or
higher
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Median Earnings and Tax Payments of Full-Time Year-Round
Workers Ages 25 and Older, by Education Level, 2008
Sources: The College Board, Education Pays 2010, Figure 1.1; U.S. Census Bureau, 2009; Internal Revenue Service, 2008; Davis et al., 2009; calculations by
the authors.
If you had to choose one, which of the following domestic programs
would you be willing to reduce in order to cut government spending?
13%
14%
12%
10%
8%
8%
6%
6%
4%
7%
All
Republicans
Independents
Democrats
2%
0%
Education
Source: January 2011 New York Times/CBS News Poll
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Please tell me if you would favor or oppose substantial changes to the program.
77%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
21%
favor
oppose
Significantly cut education programs,
including No Child Left Behind, Head
Start, and subsidies for college loans
Source: March 2011 Bloomberg News National Poll
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National Commission on Fiscal
Responsibility and Reform: “…we must
invest in education, infrastructure, and
high-value research and development
to help our economy grow, keep us
globally competitive, and make it easier
for businesses to create jobs.”
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Federal Reserve Chairman Bernanke:
“Cost-effective K-12 and post-secondary
schooling are crucial to building a better
workforce... Research increasingly has shown
the benefits of early childhood education and
efforts to promote the lifelong acquisition of
skills for both individuals and the economy as
a whole. The payoffs of early childhood
programs can be especially high.”
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Over six months late
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In February 2010, President Obama’s FY 11
budget proposed a $3.5 billion (+7.6%)
increase for the Department of Education.
In 2010, the previous Congress failed to pass
any of the required 12 Appropriations bills.
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Enacted in December 2010.
Froze all FY 11 education funding at FY 10
levels.
Provided $5.7 billion for Pell shortfall to
maintain $5,550 maximum award.
Expired on March 4, 2011.
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On February 19, the House passed HR 1, a CR
for the remainder of FY 11.
It cut ED programs by $11.55 billion or 16.1%!
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60 programs eliminated, including literacy,
school libraries, school leadership, Promise
Neighborhoods, education technology grants,
math/science partnerships, Arts Education,
parent information centers, school counseling,
mental health integration, alcohol abuse
reduction, tech-prep, SEOG, LEAP.
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13 more cut, including Pell, Title I, School
Improvement Grants, after school, teacher
quality state grants, aid for minority-serving
institutions.
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Head Start cut by $1.1 billion (-15%).
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IDEA frozen.
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Negotiated final bill cuts education by $1.3
billion.
Program increases – President’s priorities:
◦ Race to The Top = $700 million with $500 million
for Early Learning Challenge Fund.
◦ Investing in Innovation = $150 million
◦ Promise Neighborhoods = +$20 million (total of
$30 million)
◦ Head Start (in HHS) = $+340 million
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Selected program cuts and eliminations:
All programs cut by 0.2%
Striving Readers = -$200 million (eliminated)
Even Start = -$66.5 million (eliminated)
Literacy Through School Libraries = -$19.1 million
(eliminated)
◦ Teacher Quality State Grants = -$480 million
(-16.3%)
◦ Education technology state grants = -$100 million
(eliminated)
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◦ School Counseling = -$2.6 million (-4.7%)
◦ Civic education = -$33.8 million (-97%)
◦ Javits gifted and talented = -$7.5 million
(eliminated)
◦ Career and technical education = -$140 million
(-11%)
Fiscal Year 2011 Total Outlays
Discretionary Security
2%
Discretionary non-security
(minus ED)
5%
25%
Social Security
19%
10%
7%
Medicare
Medicaid
13%
19%
Other Mandatory (minus ED)
Interest
CEF based on OMB data
Department of Education
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Source: Coalition on Human Needs
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Source: Coalition on Human Needs
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Set low funding caps for “discretionary”
programs in annual spending
(“appropriations”) bills.
◦ House FY 12 allocation for Labor-HHS-ED = cut of
11.6% below FY 11 and 3.9% below FY 08.
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FY 11/12 Discretionary Spending
1150
1135
1122
Billions of $
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March 4 CR
1087
HR 1
1050
1050
1000
Pres. Obama FY 11
1026
Final FY 11 CR
1019
House FY 12
Pres. Obama FY 12
950
Source: CEF based on CBO data
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Restructure “mandatory” programs (programs
that don’t need annual appropriations)
◦ E.g., block grant Medicaid, Food Stamps (passes
costs on to states, reduces individual protections)
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Change budget rules (e.g., global spending
cap, balanced budget amendment,
spending‐only enforcement).
Hold must‐pass bill to increase debt ceiling
hostage to demand deep program cuts &
budget rule changes.
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Eliminate authorizations
◦ HR 1891 reported by Education and the Workforce
Committee eliminates 42 programs from ESEA
including school leadership, school counseling,
alcohol abusereduction and high school graduation
initiative.
◦ Would cut $412 million below FY 11.
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House-Passed FY 12 V.
President's FY 12 Budget
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Would cut Education 18.7% !
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Would move us backwards on:
◦ closing achievement gaps
◦ increasing achievement
◦ increasing high graduation, college attendance and
college completion rates
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Compared to Final FY 11 CR:
 Increases Education by $9.1 billion (+13.3%)
 Not counting Pell, increase = $3.4 billion
(+7.5%)
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In billions
$200
$150
$100
$50
$0
Total Discretionary
Total Discretionary w/out Pell
Fiscal Year 2012 Total Outlays
President's Proposed Budget
Discretionary Security
2%
Discretionary non-security
(minus ED)
7%
24%
Social Security
17%
10%
7%
13%
Medicare
Medicaid
20%
Other Mandatory (minus ED)
Interest
CEF based on OMB data
Department of Education
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Increases for Administration priorities:
o Race to the Top = +$201 million (+28.9%)
o Early Learning Challenge Fund =+$150
million (+100.4%)
o Promise Neighborhoods = +$120 million
(+400%)
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• Other ESEA program increases:
o Title I = $300 million for new rewards program
o School Turnaround Grants = +$65.4 million
(+12.2%)
o 21st Century Community Learning Centers =
+$112 million (+9.7%)
o Magnet Schools = +$10 million (+10%)
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Proposes to consolidate 38 existing
programs into nine new funding
streams
◦ All but one would be competitive grants
◦ Consolidations contingent on ESEA
reauthorization
◦ Education Technology State Grants is
eliminated
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Programs Frozen
o
o
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Migrant Education
Neglected/Delinquent
Education for Homeless
Impact Aid
o English Language
State grants
o Rural Education
o Indian Education
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Consolidated Programs
New Authority
Effective Teachers and Leaders
(programs in red were
eliminated in final FY 11 CR or
previously not funded)
•Ready to Teach
•Teacher Quality State
Grants
Teacher and Leader Innovation Fund
•Advanced Credentialing
•Teacher Incentive Fund
Teacher and Leader Pathways
•School Leadership
•Teach for America
•Teacher Quality
Partnership
•Teachers for a
Competitive Tomorrow
•Transition to Teaching
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New Authority
Effective Teaching and Learning: Literacy
Effective Teaching and Learning: Science,
Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Consolidated Programs
•Striving Readers
•Even Start
•Literacy through School
Libraries
•National Writing Project
•Reading is Fundamental
•Ready-to-Learn
Television
Mathematics and Science
Partnerships
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New Authority
Consolidated Programs
Effective Teaching and Learning for a WellRounded Education
•Teaching American
History
•Academies for American
History and Civics
•Civic Education
•Close-Up Fellowships
•Excellence in Economic
Education
•Foreign Language
Assistance
•Arts in Education
College Pathways and Accelerated Learning
•Advanced Placement
•High School Graduation
Initiative
•Javits Gifted and Talented
Education
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New Authority
Successful, Safe, and Healthy Students
Consolidated Programs
•Alcohol Abuse Reduction
•Safe and Drug-Free
Schools and Communities
National Activities
•Elementary and
Secondary School
Counseling
•Physical Education
•Foundations for Learning
•Mental Health Integration
in Schools
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New Authority
Consolidated Programs
Expanding Educational Options
•Charter Schools Grants
•Credit Enhancement for
Charter School Facilities
•Voluntary Public School
Choice
•Parental Information and
Resource Centers
•Smaller Learning
Communities
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• IDEA State Grants = +$223 million (+1.9%)
o Federal share of special ed costs would fall to
16.5%
o Federal Share per student = $1,765
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Career and Technical Education state grants
would be further cut to $1 billion ($123
million cut, -10.9%)
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• Pell maximum award of $5,550 maintained
• Total Pell funding = $41.2 billion
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The Ryan Plan
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FY 12 Budget Resolution passed the House on
4/15 by a vote of 235-193.
◦ Party line vote (except four Republicans voted no).
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Assumes all of the education cuts and
program eliminations contained in HR 1.
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Further reduces funding for education and
related programs, resulting in a cut of $17.7
billion (-18.7 percent) in FY 2012.
The cuts grow to more than 25 percent over
time and total $250 billion over ten years.
Cuts the Pell grant maximum award to
$3,040 (-45%).
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Final FY 11 ED funding is $96
billion below FY 09 level with
ARRA(-60%)!
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How small will the box be?
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Debt Ceiling increase/deficit deal
◦ Vice-President Biden Group collapses; President
now involved.
◦ Need to raise debt ceiling $2.4 trillion through end
of 2012.
◦ Republicans want deficit reduction package of at
least equal amount – perhaps as much as $4 trillion
◦ Debt Ceiling will be reached by August 2.
◦ Default would cut federal spending by 44%!
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Global Spending Caps
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Republicans pushing for this
Would limit ALL federal spending to X% of GDP
Proposed limits of 18-20%
Would require cuts of as much as 70% in domestic
discretionary programs.
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Balanced Budget Constitutional Amendment
◦ House Judiciary reported H.J. Res. 1
◦ House floor week of July 25
◦ All 47 Senate Republicans cosponsored S.J. Res. 23
 Senate floor in July?
◦ Both versions cap spending at 18% of GDP and
require supermajorities for any revenue increases.
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FY 12 Appropriations bills
◦ House Labor-HHS-ED Subcommittee markup
7/26; full committee 8/2; House floor week of
9/19
◦ Will require very deep cuts
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HR 1891 – ESEA Repeals bill
◦ House floor in mid-July?
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