Transcript Madraa Presentation August2010

A Profile of
Malnutrition in
Uganda: Demographics
and Consequences
Dr. Elizabeth Madraa (MD, MPH)
Ministry of Health, Uganda
The National Development Plan
2010-2015
• Reduce poverty from 38% to 30%
• Main driving strategies include:
–Increased agricultural productivity
and value added
–Improved health and survival
–Human capacity development
Requirements for the achieving
NDP2010-2015 goals
• Children must be well cared for
• Population must attain their full
potential:
–Productivity
–Health
–Educatability
Malnutrition Among Children <5yrs Uganda
1995, 2001 and 2006 (WHO standards)
50
45
40
45
45
39
35
30
25
22
19
20
16
15
10
7
4
5
6
0
Height-for-age
Weight-for-age
1995
2001
2006
Weight-for-height
UDHS, 2006
Vulnerability to Malnutrition is Higher in
Some Regions
Height-for-age<-2SD
Weight-for-age<-2SD
60
25
50
20
40
15
30
20
10
10
5
0
0
UDHS, 2006
Micronutrient Deficiencies in Uganda, 2001
and 2006
80
80
70
73
UDHS, 2001 & 2006
70
65
60
60
49
50
50
40
40
31
30
30
19 20
20
7
10
19
20
5
9
10
5
0
0
Anaemia
Vitamin A
2001
2006
Iodine Def. D
Anaemia
Vitamin A
2001
2006
Goitre rates
Consequences of Malnutrition and the
National Development Plan 2010-2015
Malnutrition in Uganda has effect on:
–Agricultural productivity
–Disease and survival
–Human capacity development
Consequences on
Agricultural
Productivity and
Value Addition
Iron Deficiency Anaemia and
Agriculture in Economic Development
• Uganda lost US$
38 million worth
of productivity in
2009
• 0.6% of the GDP
Childhood stunting and
Agriculture in Economic Development
• Uganda lost US$
230 Million worth
of productivity in
2009
• 2.5% of the GDP
Consequences on
Disease and
Survival
Burden of low-birth weight (LBW) on
UGANDA in 2009
• In 2009 over 170,000
born underweight.
• Cost the government and
families about US$ 5.8
million for specialized
health care
• 16,000 children died due
to low birth weight
Profiles
UGANDA
Burden of Vitamin A deficiency on
UGANDA in 2009
Risk of death
from Vitamin
A deficiency
is 1.4
Profiles
UGANDA
Malnutrition and Child Mortality in
Uganda (2009 alone!!!)
R.I.P
51,300
child
deaths
due to
PEM
alone!
R.I.P
15,800
child
R.I.P
deaths due
to VAD
16,200
child
deaths
due to
LBW
Maternal Deaths in UGANDA
Jorge Moreiro
(2006-2016)
Profiles UGANDA
Consequences on
Education and
Intelligence
be born as cretins
Another 59,000 will
be born with severe
mental retardation
US$8.6m worth of
productivity lost
UNICEF/95-0065 Shadid
Iodine Deficiency and education
(2009)
2,100 children will
Growth retardation (stunting) and
education (2009)
Start school later
Absenteeism high
Stunted children tend to start school later,
repeat classes, and less productive in
adulthood
School grade performance poor
Class repetition high
7y
7y
4y olds
•Ability to learn,
•Concentration in school,
•Retention rates,
•School performance,
•Speech and hearing ability.
UNICEF/Pirozzi
Iron Deficiency Anaemia and
Education
We can change the situation!!
There’re Benefits to the POOR
and to the Nation
• Savings from treating
ailments attributable to
malnutrition
• Economic worth of
physical & mental
productivity gained
UNICEF/Pirozzi
Ability to compete as children
and adults
Deaths
R.I.P
Prevented
Lowered IMR and
MMR among the
POOR
A Price
Too High
to
Neglect!!