Transcript Biorefinery
Kaskadische Nutzung von Biomasse in der Bioraffinerie – Wege aus der Erdöl- und Klimakrise Diethard Mattanovich1, Michael Sauer1, Stephan Böhmdorfer2, Thomas Rosenau2 1 Department für Biotechnologie 2 Department für Chemie BOKU Product classes of chemical industry Polymers • Products from petrochemistry Industrial chemicals Solvents Elastomers Paint Pharmaceuticals Agrochemicals Oleochemicals • Products from industrial biotechnology Alcohols Common feature of petro- and biochemicals: Carbon as backbone Amino acids Organic acids Vitamins www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html 2 Biorefinery – looking into (far) future Energy vs. “use as matter” (chemicals, materials, food, feed) Renewable resources Biorefineries Fossil resources Petrochemistry (Energy and chemicals) Time Today We need “CARBON” to produce materials and chemicals. We don’t necessarily need “CARBON” for energy production. www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html 3 Similar flow charts facilitate transition www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html 4 Products from White Biotechnology • Organic acids – lactic acid: building block chemical, polymers – succinic acid: building block chemical – citric acid: food, detergents, industry • Amino acids – Lysin: food, feed – Amino acid precursers: building block chemicals, polymers • Alcohols – Ethanol: biofuels – Butanol: biofuels, solvents – Propanediol: building block chemical, polymers Produced from sugar Metabolic engineering = essential technology to direct the process from substrate to product www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html 5 Biorefinery – food vs. energy / chemicals a-1-4-link a-1-6-bridge STARCH OH b-1-4-link HO HO O OH OH (Hemi)CELLULOSES Alternative raw materials do not compete with food and feed. www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html 6 biomass Example: lactic acid • Made from renewable recources • Biologically degradable biorefinery sugar fermentation lactic acid destillation polymerisation lactide www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html Polylactic acid (PLA) 7 Biorefinery – looking into (far) future General future developments Material / chemical utilization Cascade utilization Food / feed if possible Better use of nature´s ingenuity in synthesis and material production www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html Energetic utilization Energy / chemicals from food-/feedstock Direct (one-step) utilization Extensive breakdown of renewables „green-to-oil“ CO, H2, CH4, C2H5OH 8 www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html 9