Transcript presentation

Solar Powered Water
Sterilization System with
Microplasma Ozone Generator
ECE 445: Senior Design
Team #14: Matt Dubois, Albert Lo, Eric Liu
Fall 2012
Agenda
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Goal
Device Overview
 Other Tests
Bill of Materials
 Recommendations
Feature and Benefits
 Ethics
Hardware Modules and Testing
 Solar Panel
 Solar Charge Controller
 Battery
 Flyback Converter
 Reactor Circuit
 Half-Bridge
 Pump
 Reactor
 Micro-Controller
Goal
 Provide 3rd World Countries with a efficient solution to
sanitize contaminated water
Background Information
 Current methods
 Sand pit filter
 Not a very effective method
 Has many problems
Why Ozone?
 Created by ionizing Oxygen
 Effective at cleaning water
 Breaks down bacteria physically
B.O.M.
Main Components
Description
Quantity
Price ($)
50 Watts Solar Panel
x1
159.99
12 V Sealed Lead-Acid Battery
x1
25
Fish Pump
x1
10
Solar Charge Controller
X1
15
TI Launchpad
X1
4.99
LCD Display
x1
12.00
Reactor Circuit
X1
11.00
Flyback
X1
7.44
Half Bridge
X1
6.95
Reactor Cost: $5 (w/o fan)
$ 10 (w/ fan)
Total: $257.37
Comparison
 Comparison to other method
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Water filter system $189
Solar Panel to power it $500
Maintenance $50
Filters $50
Total $789
Device Overview
 Solar Powered Water Sterilization System with
Microplasma Ozone Generator offers a cheap and
efficient method to clean contaminated water
 Utilizes compact ozone reactor to clean contaminated
water
Features and Benefits
 Cheap
 Efficient
 Self-Sustaining System
 Eco-Friendly
Block Diagram
Key
Solar Panel
Blue :Electrical
Orange: Non-Electrical
Solar Charge
Controller
Battery
MicroController
Flyback
Converter
Half-Bridge
Pump
Reactor
Circuit
Reactor
Ozone
Overall Circuit
Solar Panel
 Main source of power
 Charges Battery
 Eco-Friendly
 Test
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Condition: Sunny
Open-Circuit Voltage: ~21.8V
Short-Circuit Current: ~1.3 A
Power: ~28.34 W
Solar Panel
Specification
Specification
Value
Max Rated Power
50 Watts
Rated Voltage
17.6 Volts
Rated Current
2.85 Amps
Opened-Circuit Voltage
21.6 Volts
Short-Circuit Current
2.98 Amps
Solar Charge Controller
Charging
Fully Charged
Undercharge
Solar Panel
Circuit
Battery
 12 V/10 A Controller
 Regulates interaction between Solar Panel & Battery
Solar Charge Controller
Test
• Good Source of Power (Charging)
• Input: 21.831 V
• Weather Condition: Sunny
Battery
 12 V Sealed Lead-Acid Battery
 12 Amp Hour per 20 Hour
 Function
 Rechargeable battery
 Provides power to rest of circuit
 Test
 Current Charge: 12.65 V
 Power Supply Source: 13.50 V
 Full Charge: 14.7 V
Flyback Converter
 Flyback Converter
• Indirect Conversion
• Steps up battery voltage
 Steps 12 V to ~180 V
• Duty Cycle of 93%
 555 Timer
• ~30 kHz
• Switches NMOS On & Off
 Charges & Discharges Transformer
Flyback Converter
Schematic of Flyback Converter
Flyback Converter
Test/Verification
Flyback Converter Value Without Reactor
Circuit Connected
Flyback Converter Value With Reactor
Circuit Connected
Flyback Converter With
Transformer
Transformer Selection
 AL= 400 [nH/N2]
 AL = 69 [nH/N2]
 AC = 172 [mm2]
 AC = 3.38 [cm2]
 AL : Inductance Index, AC : Core Area, N : Number of Turns, BSAT :
Saturation, L : Inductance
Reactor Circuit
Functions
 Regulates entire circuit for operation
 Microcontroller
• Atmel Atmega 44/88/682545TS (32 MLF ver.)
 Monitors H-Bridge in circuit
 Produce pulse wave needed to drive reactor
 Outputs 1-2 kV with transformer
Reactor Circuit
Reactor Circuit
Reactor Circuit
 Test/Verification
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Output is 2 kV – 3 kV Pk-Pk pulse wave
3.3V Regulator check for proper output
12V Regulator check for proper output
Runs the reactor
Reactor Circuit Waveforms
Half-Bridge
 Converts DC-AC to power pump.
 Converts Flyback output to 180V RMS
 555 timer for square wave
 Half-Bridge gate driver
Half-Bridge
Design Simulation
Half-Bridge
Schematic of Half-Bridge
Half-Bridge Waveform Without Pump
Attached
Half-Bridge Waveform With Pump Attached
and Powered by Battery
Testing and Optimization
 Results
 Lowered supply voltage
 Decreased airflow
 Explanation/Solution
 Load behavior
 Modeling load for testing
 Increase supply voltage
Reactor
Function
 Operates at 2 kV – 3 kV
 Converts oxygen (O2) to ozone (O3)
Tube distributes
ozone
Fan delivers oxygen
to reactor
Micro-Controller
Texas Instruments Launch Pad MSP430
Functions
 Displays Info on LCD
• Voltage
• Current
• Power
Micro-Controller
The Micro-Controller Code
 Reads in values
 To Read INA219 is used
 Header file used to read in from pins
 Display values
 LCD display is used
 Can’t display “float”
 To display “float” was split into “int”
 Example on next page
Explanation with example
number 32.35
1. Divide float value by 10 (32.35/10 = 3.235)
2. Store float as an int and display ( 3.235 => int = 3)
3. Multiply int by 10 (int = 30)
4. Subtract from original float ( 32.35 – 30 = 2.35)
5. Multiply resulting float by 10 (23.50)
6. Repeat until finished (finished = 00.00)
Display Code
 Code for LCD used header file
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writeString(0,1, “Power :”)
(0,0) is top left of screen
“0” represents the column
“1” represents the row
Character Library included in header file
 Different function writeInt(0,1,C1)
 “0” represents the column
 “1” represents the row
 C1 is a int
TI Launch Pad with INA219
LCD
Screen
Thank You
 Professor Gary Eden
 Professor Park
 Professor Cho
 Dr. Cy Herring