Transcript CHARGING LEAD ACID BATTERY USING SOLAR ENERGY

CHARGING LEAD ACID BATTERY
USING SOLAR ENERGY
B.Ashok raj singh(cs12b1009)
Musham Ranadheer(cs12b1026)
L.Sunil Pratap(ch12b1014)
D.Prashanth(cs12b1014)
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad
Circuit for charging battery using solar
panel
Basic Idea and Circuit description
•The basic Idea of the project is to utilize the solar
energy .
•The circuit basically consists of a solar panel(to
absorb the solar radiation), capacitors, resistors,
transistors, integrated circuit(IC).
ROLE OF EACH COMPONENT
•IC LM317 provides the correct charging voltage for the
battery. It is a voltage regulator.
•Battery must be charged with 1/10 its Ah value . The
charging circuit is designed based on this fact.
•Charging current for the battery is controlled by
Q1(BC 548),R1,R4 and R5.
•Q1 acts like a policeman at a signal and controls the
flow of current.
•R1,R4 and R5 are manipulated taking into account the
internal resistance changes of the circuit.
ROLE OF EACH COMPONENT(Contd.)
•Potentiometer R5 can be used to set the
charging current.
•R5 should be set in such a way that when
18.6V is given by the voltage regulator, 14.6V
appears across the battery terminals.
•As the battery gets charged the current
through R1 increases.
•C1 acts as filter capacitor.
•The noise is reduced by C2.
SPECIFICATIONS OF THE SOLAR PANEL
•Two solar panels of rating 12V ,3W are connected in parallel
and used.
•The parallel connection helps give out a much higher current
than normally obtained from a single panel.
•For optimum usage, the following is recommended:
•Solar Panel Angle Calculation(for northern hemisphere, point
the panels south)
•
SEASON
ANGLE/TILT
CALCULATION
•
Winter
(Latitude*0.9)+29 degrees
•
Summer
(Latitude*0.9)-23.5 degrees
• Spring & Fall
Latitude-2.5 degrees