Transcript Indian Power Sector Reforms

INDIAN POWER
SECTOR
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
Presentation Contents:
Power Sector Structure in India
 Transmission Planning Criteria
 RLDC’s Management
 System Restoration Procedures

INDIAN POWER SECTOR
POWER SECTOR
STRUCTURE
IN
INDIA
1
19 92
92
-9
19 3
93
19 94
94
-9
19 5
95
-9
19 6
96
19 97
97
-9
19 8
9
19 8-9
99 9
-2
20 00
00 0
-2
00
1
91
19
-9
90
19
Growth of installed capacity
for electricity in India
120000
100000
80000
60000
in MW
40000
20000
0
Fuel wise break-up of installed
capacity in power sector
2.60%
1.40%
25%
Hydro
Thermal
Nuclear
Wind
71%
Total installed capacity is 105,800 MW
Sector wise consumption of
electricity in India
6%
5%
35%
29%
3%
22%
Industry
Domestic
Railways
Agriculture
Commercial
Others
MAJOR ENERGY RESOURCES IN INDIA
* Hydro Potential : 1,10,000
> 25,000MW already installed
> 19,000MW under implementation
> 66,000MW still to be exploited
Jammu
23,000MW
* 90% coal reserves in ER & WR
Ludhiana
SIKKIM
1,700MW
NEPAL
BHUTAN
Partabpur
Guwahati
Lucknow
Patna
Pipavav
Bhopal
WR
BANGLA
DESH
AN
ER
Vindhyachal
Gandhinagar
Indore
NER
CHICKEN
NECK
Kolkata
Korba
AR
RAPP Jaipur
MM
Delhi
MY
NR
53,000MW
Talcher/Ib Valley
Raipur
Bhubaneswar
Tarapur
Mumbai
Hyderabad
Vizag
Simhadri
SR
Bangalore
Kayamkulam
Thiruvananthapuram
Generation
Coal
Krishnapatnam
Kaiga
Kozhikode
Mangalore
LEGEND
Ennore
South Madras
Chennai
Hydro
Cuddalore
Lignite
Coastal
Kudankulam
COLOMBO
Nuclear
SRI LANKA
Load-Centre
Power development - 16th EPS
projections
Peak
requirement
in MW
157107
115705
78037
85132
975
Energy
requirement
in BU
719
507
Mar.'01 (act.)
529
Mar.'02 (est.)
Mar.'07 (est.)
Mar.'12 (est.)
INDIA—GENERATING CAPACITY
ADDITION
Capacity addition planned 2002-07 – 41,110 MW
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL GRID
URI
PHASE - II
(By 2007)
WAGOORA
DULHASTI
RAVI
KISHENPUR
JULLANDHAR
TEHRI
MOGA
BALLABGARH
(DELHI RING)
CHICKEN NECK
A'PUR
BHUTAN
MEERUT
HISSAR
TEESTA
LUCKNOW
BHIWADI
NR JAIPUR
SHIROHI
300
ZERDA
LIMBDI
JETPUR
0M
W
M'BAD
ALLAHABAD
/UNNAO
G'PUR
TALA
RANGANADI
PURNEA
VARANASI
MALANPUR
SINGRAULI
KATHALGURI
MARIANI
BONGAIGAON
MISA
SILIGURI/BIRPARA
500MW
B'SHARIF
KAHALGAON
/BARH
DEHGAM
NAGDA BINA
VINDHYACHAL
SATNA
ROURKELA
KORBA
RAIPUR
PIPAVAV
BOISAR
CHANDRAPUR
1000MW
PADGHE
WR
DHABOL
NER
BANGLA
DESH
KRISHNA
NAGAR
N.K.
SEONI SIPAT
GANDHAR/
AMRELI KAWAS
CHEGAON
VAPI
BHANDARA
HIRMA
ER
TALCHER
JEYPORE
LONIKAND
KOYNA
KARAD
RAMAGUNDAM
GAZUWAKA
SR
PONDA
SIRSI
KAIGA
LEGEND
EXISTING/
IX PLAN
X PLAN
VIJAYAWADA
W
NARENDRA
20
00
M
KOLHAPUR
765 KV LINES
KRISHNAPATNAM
400 KV LINES
HVDC B/B
CHITTOOR
HVDC BIPOLE
MANGALORE
BANGALORE
HOSUR
PUGALUR
P
EE
DW
HA
KS
KARAIKUDI
KAYAMKULAM
TRIVANDRUM
KAYATHAR
N AND
ANDAMA
R
NICOBA
LA
COCHIN
SOUTH CHENNAI
SINGARPET
CUDDALORE
KOZHIKODE
Back
Cumulative Capacity (MW)
Growth of Cumulative capacity of Inter-regional links
35000
30000
30000
25000
23000
20000
15000
10000
4850
5000
0
Plan
By 2002
By 2006-07
By 2011- 12
HIERARCHICAL SETUP OF CONTROL CENTRES
NLDC
5 Nos. ERLDC
32 Nos.
SLDC
141 Nos. SUB LDC
1160 Nos.
RTU
WRLDC
NRLDC
SRLDC
NERLDC
SLDC
SLDC
SUB LDC
SUB LDC
RTU
RTU
Indian Power Sector (Pre-Reforms)
States were generally in the form of:
1.Vertically Integrated Utilities having
Own Generation
Own Transmission
Own Distribution
2.Having fixed shares in the Central
Sector
3.Counting on Load-Generation
Balance within the State
Indian Power Sector Reforms
Thrust areas and progress
1. State regulatory commissions
(SERCs) constituted
2.
SERCs have issued
tariff orders
3. States have unbundled
their SEBs
Indian Power Sector Reforms
Thrust areas and progress (contd/-)
4.
States are in the process of
privatising distribution
5.
States have signed MoUs
with the Ministry of Power
6.
All around emphasis to
provide 100% metering
Indian Power Sector-Distribution
•
Distribution originally with the
Electricity Boards (SEBs) with licenses
out for some areas to private.
State
given
•
After
unbundling
of
SEBs,
separate
(DISCOMS) formed at state level. Privatisation
of DISCOMS already done in two states viz.
Delhi and Orissa.
•
Emphasis on metering, loss reduction at this
level with the Central Govt. acting as
a
catalyst through assistance under APDRP.
INDIAN POWER SECTOR
TRANSMISSION
PLANNING
CRITERIA
PLANNING CODE FOR ISTS
Planning Criteria :
ISTS shall be capable of withstanding and be
secured against the following outages without
necessitating load shedding or rescheduling of
generation during steady state operation.
Outage of a 132 kV D/C line
or
Outage of a 220 kV D/C line
or
Outage of a 400 kV S/C line
or
Outage of a single ICT
Continued …..
PLANNING CODE FOR ISTS
Planning Criteria :-
or
Outage of one pole of HVDC bipole
or
Outage of 765 kV S/C line

The aforesaid contingencies would be
superimposed over a planned outage of
another 220 kV D/C line or 400 kV S/C line in
another corridor and not emanating from the
same sub-station.

ISTS shall be capable of withstanding the loss
of most severe single system infeed without
loss of stability.
PLANNING CODE FOR ISTS
Planning Criteria :ANY ONE OF THE AFORESAID EVENTS SHALL
NOT CAUSE
o
loss of supply
o
abnormal frequency on sustained basis
o
unacceptable high or low voltage
o
system instability
o
unacceptable overloading of ISTS elements
OPERATIONAL CODE FOR
REGIONAL GRIDS
SYSTEM SECURITY ASPECTS :Grid voltage should always be maintained within
the operating range
NOMINAL(kV)
400
220
132
MAX. (kV)
420
245
145
MIN. (kV)
360
200
120
PROBABLE REASONS FOR GRID
CONTINGENCIES

EQUIPMENT FAILURE
 WEAK TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
 CASCADED TRIPPING DUE TO OVERLOAD

OPERATIONAL ERROR

GRID INDISCIPLINE
 MULTIPLE OUTAGES DUE TO WEATHER
ISSUES OF IMPORTANCE
Provide adequate level of redundancy in
transmission network
Generation to be augmented with load
increase
Load regulatory measures by utilities in the
event of shortages
Adequate reactive compensation
provided at load end
to
be