Transcript The Status of the Building Energy Sector in DPR Korea PIINTEC

The Status of the Building Energy
Sector in DPR Korea
PIINTEC, DPR of Korea
BEET Workshop, Beijing, China, 9th, March, 2008
Building Energy
Sectors and Activities in DPRK
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
Residential (over 20% of total energy
consumption in 1990 )
– Heating & Cooking
– Lighting (small in share)
– Electrical appliances
– Water Supply and Drainage
Public & Commercial
– Heating
– Cooling ( Very little in share )
– Lighting
– Other (Hot Water Supply, Electrical
instruments, etc)
Building Energy Devices

For Individual Heating
–
Coal Stove ( is called “Butumak”)
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
Use the coal briquette (called “ Kumongtan”)
Combution efficiency is nearly over 90%
Table 1. Thermal Energy Balance in a coal stove
Item
Cooking
Loss from Stove surface
Heating
Loss Exhausted gas
Total
Amount, MJ/day
Share, %
5.1
27.7
52.9
6.7
92.4
5.4
29.9
57.4
7.3
100
Building Energy Devices

For Individual Heating
–
Biomass Stove ( mainly used in rural areas)
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Shrubs, Agricultural by-products, etc
Thermal Efficiency is less than 65%
–
–
For cooking, nearly 10~15%
Electricity Heater
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used in some areas with small Hydro Power Plants
some of the public and commercial buildings in urban
Heating Period: from Mid. September to Mid. April
Building Energy Devices

For Lighting
–
–
Incandescent Lamp
FCB

Undergoing the plane for replacing the Incandescent
Lamps with FCB
Challenges in implementation of this plane:
–
Initial investments, equality of electricity such as voltage,
frequency
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Thermal Insulating of Building
–
Properties of Building Surfaces

Wall :
–

Coefficient of heat transfer: K= 0.6~2.0 W/(㎡ K)
Windows:
–
Single or double glazing K= 6.0~2.8 W/(㎡ K)
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Thermal Insulating of Building
–
Properties of insulating material

Common used :
–
Specific weight 450~500 kg/㎥
– Coefficient of heat transfer: λ= 0.15 W/(m K)

Foamed cement concrete (Recently used) :
–
Specific weight 230 kg/㎥
– Coefficient of heat transfer: λ= 0.07 W/(m K)
Good for making and constructing
Wider application in our country…
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Introduction of mini or micro CHP plants
–
–
–
–
–
Raw Fuels: Husks of rice
Capacity of generator: 1.5kW, 15kW, 30kW
Electricity supply for driving machines, lighting and
TV.
Hot water supply for bathrooms.
Have founded its application
in farm villages.
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Development of Solar Energy
–
–
Total amount of solar energy in a day: 3.6~4kWh/㎡
Share by seasons



–
Autumn :
about
Spring and summer : about
Winter :
about
44%
31%
15%
Special feature

Share of scattering light is greater than other areas
( 30~40%).
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Type of Solar Energy use
–
–
–
–
PSH : Most widely used.
PV system: little used, only for pilots or in small
scale
Solar cooking stove: little used, only for pilots or in
small scale
SWH systems: (for bathroom),
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Development of Solar Energy (Examples)
Technical characteristics:
– Floor Area of a household: 160㎡
– Heating Load for a HH: 2.2㎾ (only for useful area)
– Share of solar energy: 1.8㎾
– Type of system: PSH
– Energy efficient windows (window coated infrared
reflection film):
K<=1.6 W/(㎡·K)
–
Enhanced the wall insulation K<=0.3 W/(㎡·K)
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Use of Biogas in households
–
–
Designing and manufacturing of the useful
digesters (not only for public uses for households)
Development of biogas bulbs for lighting
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Energy Efficiency Improvement of devices
–
–
Application of gravity circulating hot water heating
system in public & commercial buildings
Application of special coal briquette stove (small in
size and convenient in operation), which is called
“Chakhwatan” stove).
Reduces the cooling load in summer
more efficient than current coal briquette stoves
Activities and Technologies for Building
Energy Efficiency Improvements in DPRK

Analysis and Evaluation of BEEI Measures
and Technologies
–
–
Methodology and Tools
LEAP, RETScreen International software package
Homer.
Challenges:
Lack of full understanding, little experiences and
training for the application of tools above.
Significance of BEEI in DPRK


Relieve the energy congestion
Consistent with needs for sustainable
development
–
–
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Social (better living conditions, social interest in energy
saving, , etc)
Economical (productivity, income, etc)
Environmental (reduce of GHG emission)
Thank you.