Transcript Hospital Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
1
Purpose of PPE
To protect employees from hazards
not eliminated from the workplace
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Protective Equipment

Personal protective equipment
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Eyes
Face
Head
Extremities
Protective clothing
 Respiratory devices
 Protective shields and barriers
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Design and Condition
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Safe design and
construction for work
performed
Sanitary and reliable
condition
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Defective and damaged
equipment shall not be
used
Must properly fit users
Provided
Used
Maintained
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Laundered
Repaired
Replaced
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Purchase of PPE

The employer is normally responsible
for the cost of personal protective
equipment.
PPE used by trades
may be an exception
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Protect Against Hazards
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Hazards
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Physical
Chemical
Biological/Infectious
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Capable of causing
injury or impairment in
the function of any part
of the body through
(routes of entry)
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Inhalation
Skin absorption
Ingestion
Contact with skin and/or
eyes
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Required Implementation
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Engineering Control
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Ventilation
Isolation
Selected Equipment
Redesign process or
procedure
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Administrative Control
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Personal Hygiene
Maintenance
Hand washing
Scheduled breaks
Assignment schedules
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Certified Hazard Assessment
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Prepared by
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Consultant
VA Personnel
Insert - date of
written hazard assessment
 Insert - how to obtain
a copy of the written hazard assessment
 Required by 29 CFR 1910.132d
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Overview of Hazard
Assessment
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Bloodborne
pathogens
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Latex gloves
Gown
Safety glasses
Hand washing
Handling trash
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Rubber gloves
Safety shoes
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Shops
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Safety glasses
Safety shoes
Hearing protection
Facilities
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Rubber gloves
Non-slip shoes
Safety glasses (when
mixing detergents)
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Reassessment of Hazards
Facility safety officer is responsible to
reassess workplace hazards as necessary
by:
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Identifying and evaluating new equipment and
processes
Reviewing accident records
Re-evaluating the suitability of previously
selected PPE
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Personal Protective Equipment
Program

Defined by insert appropriate facility
policy
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Ordering
Repair
Maintenance
Other requirements
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Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (29 CFR 1910)
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General Requirements -132
Eye and Face Protection -133
Respiratory Protection -134
Head Protection -135
Foot Protection -136
Electrical Protection -137
Hand Protection -138
Hearing Protection -95
Specialized Standards -- e.g., 1030
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Eye and Face Protection
(29 CFR 1910.133)
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Hazards to Eyes/Face
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Physical
– Flying Particles
– Molten Metal
– Potentially Injurious
Light Radiation
– Ultraviolet (UV) light
Chemical
– Gases or Vapors
– Liquids
– Acids or Caustics

Biological/Infectious
– Blood
– Saliva
– Semen
– Body Tissue
– Wastes
– Animal Tissue
– Potentially Infectious
Materials
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Safety Glasses
Can be used with side shields (Required
if flying objects are present)
 Plastic
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Can fit over corrective lenses
Can be worn alone
Can accommodate most types of
prescriptive lenses
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Goggles
Should fit face snugly (sealing entire eye
area)
 Specially-coated lenses or ventilation
holes may prevent fogging
 Anti-fogging materials can be used
 When removing goggles, tilt head down
so that debris on top of goggles does not
fall into eyes
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Other Eye and Face Protection
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Face Shields
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Worn for extremely
hazardous jobs
Worn with safety glasses or
goggles
Do not completely protect
face
Hoods
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Protect entire head and
face
Can be worn with
respirators
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Sunglasses
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Provide protection against
sun
Should filter 99 to 100
percent UV
Provide no protection
against flying objects
Can reduce chances of
cataracts
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Inspection and Maintenance of
Eye and Face Protection
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Must be kept clean
Must be free of scratches and other defects that
may obstruct vision
Must be disinfected
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Periodically, if used by same person
After each use, if shared
Headband should be replaced when slack,
worn, or dirty
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Eye Safety
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Review Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)
for chemicals used
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Identify eye protection required
Become familiar with emergency response procedures
Contact Lenses
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Do NOT provide protection
Should NOT be worn around chemicals or chemical
vapors
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Laser Eye Safety
Follow guidance of laser manufacturer
 Wear safety glasses with filters that
protect against the wavelength of light for
the laser being used
 Partial reflections from Class IV lasers
can cause permanent eye damage
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Head Protection
(29 CFR 1910.135)
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Hazards to Head
Falling or flying objects
 Electrical conductors
 Contamination from bloodborne
pathogens
 Sunburn and sunstroke
 Cold temperatures
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Types and Classes of
Head Protection
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Types of protective hats
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Type 1, Helmets - full brim (at least 1.25”)
Type 2, Brimless helmets with peak extending
forward from the crown
Classes of industrial head protection
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Class A, General service - limited voltage protection
Class B, Utility service - high voltage protection
Class C, Special service - no voltage protection
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Hard Hats (Class A)
Hard exterior shell
 Shock-absorbing lining
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Headband
Crown straps
Protects against impact hazards
 Used in construction
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Electrical Bump Hats (Class B)
Protects against impact and penetration
AND against high-voltage shock or burn
 Can be used where there is a possibility
of bumping against a fixed object
 Used by electrical workers
 Sometimes used in construction
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Other Head Protection
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Safety Hat or Cap
(Class C)
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Protects against
impacts
Provides lightweight
comfort
Provides no electrical
protection
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Hat or Cap
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Protects against
exposure to sun (4
inch brim)
Protects against
exposure to cold (ear
flaps)
Generally not
considered PPE
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Specialized Head Protection
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Hairnets
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Food service employees
Sanitation and cleanliness
Hoods
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Can be used in extremely
hazardous situations
Can be used with
respirators
Can provide eye and face
protection
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Surgical Caps
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Infection control and
cleanliness
Worn during medical
procedures that involve
large amounts of blood
 Autopsies
 Orthopedic surgery
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Inspection and Maintenance of
Head Protection
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Damage
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Dents
Cracks
Penetration
Abuse
Mutilation
Other damage that might
reduce the degree of
protection provided
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Visually inspect daily
Clean periodically
May adversely affect
protection provided
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Paint
Sunlight
Extreme temperatures
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Foot Protection
(29 CFR 1910.136)
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Foot Hazards and Protection
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Hazards to Feet
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Falling or rolling
objects
Objects that pierce the
sole
Electrical exposures
Slipping
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Foot Protection
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Safety Shoes
Slip Resistant Soles
Shoe Covers
Rubber or Synthetic
Boots
Leather Work Boots
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Safety Shoes
Steel-reinforced toe (protects foot from
being pierced or crushed)
 Puncture-resistant or heat-resistant soles
(optional)
 Metal-free non-conductive materials
(working around exposed electrical
conductors)
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Other Foot Protection
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Boots
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Rubber/Synthetic
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May be required when
working around
chemicals
Autopsies
Leather
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Recommended for
outdoor maintenance
activities
Avoid wearing around
chemicals
Shoe Covers
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May be required for
some medical
procedures
Slip-resistant Soles
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OSHA recommends
Will reduce the
number of injuries
resulting from slips,
trips, or falls
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Electrical Protection
(29 CFR 1910.137)
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Electrical Protective
Equipment (Insulated Rubber)
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Required when exposed
to electrical hazards
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Blankets
Matting
Covers
Line hose
Gloves
Sleeves
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Maintained in a safe and
reliable condition
Cleaned as needed
Requires periodic
electrical testing
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Inspections
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Before each day’s use
Following any incident
that caused damage
Insulating properties
cannot be degraded
Insulating equipment
failing to pass inspections
or electrical tests may not
be used unless specific
requirements are met
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Cannot use equipment
with:
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Hole, tear, puncture, or cut
Ozone cutting or ozone
checking
Embedded foreign objects
Swelling, softening,
hardening, stickiness, or
inelasticity
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Storage
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Location and manner of
storage must protect
from:
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Light
Temperature extremes
Excessive humidity
Ozone
Other injurious substances
and conditions
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Hand Protection
(29 CFR 1910.138)
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Hand Protection

Provided to protect
against
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Absorption of harmful
substances
Severe cuts or lacerations
Severe abrasions
Punctures
Chemical or thermal burns
Harmful temperature
extremes
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Types of hand protection
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Machine guards
Electric eyes
Push sticks
Controls requiring two
hands
Gloves
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Glove Selection Criteria
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Selection based on
evaluation of
performance
characteristics
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Task(s) to be performed
Conditions present
Duration of use
Hazards and potential
hazards identified
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Selection based on
individual
characteristics
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Grip
Dexterity
Flexibility
Hand size
Glove length
Too tight - may rip
Too loose - affects grip
and comfort
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General Purpose Gloves
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Cotton
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Can be specially
coated
Allows handling of
delicate components
Absorbs oil
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Protect against
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Abrasion
Cuts
Punctures
Snags
Temperature extremes
Leather
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Rough surfaces
Heat
Sparks
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Cut-resistant Gloves
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Designed for use with
sharp knives and
blades
May contain
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Cut-resistant yarns
Composite materials
Metal mesh (Required
of most meatcutting
and de-boning
operations)
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Protect against
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Cuts
Abrasion
Some may protect
against punctures
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Special Purpose Gloves
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Surgical
Examination
Firefighters
Smelters
Welders
Clean rooms
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Protect against
specific hazards
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HIV/Hepatitis
Heat and burns
Patient protection
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Latex Gloves
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Natural
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Required for surgery
Can be used for
examinations
Label NOT required
Hypoallergenic gloves
NOT tested for natural
rubber proteins
(source of latex
allergies)
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Synthetic
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Cannot be used for
surgery
Can be used for
examinations
Label NOT required
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Chemical-resistant Gloves
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Must be selected for the
specific chemical used
(Consult manufacturer’s
guidance)
Non-porous
Selection based on
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Potential toxic effects of
chemicals used
Likely routes of entry
Degree of hazard
Protect against
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Dermatitis
Chemical burns
Cancer
Resist
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Penetration
Permeation
Degradation
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Penetration
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Natural rubber
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Protects against
liquids that mix with
water
Provides no protection
against petroleum or
oil-based solvents
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Synthetic rubber
resists
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Oils
Greases
Acids
Caustics
Many petroleum
products
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Permeation
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Must consult
manufacturer’s
technical data for
specific chemical
used
No protective barrier
provides permeation
protection for all
chemicals
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Often coated with
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Polyvinyl chloride
(PVC)
Nitrile
Neoprene
Latex
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Degradation
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Signs of degradation
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Stiffer
More brittle
Softer
Weaker
Major indication that
gloves should be
replaced
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Inspect before each
use
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Rips
Holes
Weak seams
Imperfections
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Hand Safety
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Do NOT wear gloves that are damaged
Clean off contaminants before you remove gloves
Remove gloves safely
Properly decontaminate and store gloves
Monitor the condition of your gloves as you work
Follow manufacturer’s guidance for maintenance and
storage
Dispose of gloves properly
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Skin Protection
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Hazards to Skin
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Hazards
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Sunburn
Skin Cancer
Dermatitis
Poison ivy, oak, sumac
Insect and animal
bites
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Protections available
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Protective clothing
Sunscreen
Insect repellent
Scheduling of work
Ointments
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Prevention of Sun Damage
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Avoid the sun’s
strongest rays
(10 a.m. - 4 p.m.)
Wear protective
clothing
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Broad-brimmed hats
Long pants
Long-sleeved shirts
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Wear sunglasses
(99 - 100% UV ray
protection)
Always wear a
sunscreeen with SPF
of 15 or more
Avoid sunlamps,
tanning beds, and
tanning parlors
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Torso Protection
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Hazards to Torso

Hazards
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Heat
Splashes from hot
metals and liquids
Impacts
Cuts
Acids
Radiation
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Types of Protection
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Options
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Vests
Jackets
Aprons
Coveralls
Full body suits
Lead lined coverings
Gowns
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Materials
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Fire retardant wool
Specially treated
cotton
Leather
Rubberized fabrics
Disposable suits
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Lifting or Back Belts
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Must follow
manufacturer’s
guidance
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Back belts can be
obtained by
contacting
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Appropriate PPE for Exposure
to Bloodborne Pathogens
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Does NOT permit blood
or other potentially
infectious materials to
pass through to
– Employee’s work
clothes
– Employee’s street
clothes
– Undergarments
Under normal conditions
of use
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Does NOT permit blood
or other potentially
infectious materials to
reach
– Skin
– Eyes
– Mouth
– Other mucous
membranes
For the duration of time
to be used
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PPE for Bloodborne Pathogens
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Gloves
Gowns or aprons
Laboratory coats
Face shields or masks
and eye protection
Goggles or glasses
with side shields
Mouthpieces
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Surgical caps or hoods
Shoe covers or boots
Clinic jackets
Resuscitation bags
Pocket masks
Other ventilation
devices
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Gloves Required for Exposure
to Bloodborne Pathogens
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When reasonably anticipated that employee
may have hand contact with
– Blood
– Other potentially infectious materials
– Mucous membranes
– Non-intact skin
When performing vascular access procedures
When handling or touching contaminated items
or surfaces
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Hearing Protection
(29 CFR 1910.95)
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Hearing Protectors

If exposed to 85 dB or
greater for eight-hour
TWA:
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Hearing protection must be
available
Hearing protection must be
worn if
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No baseline audiogram
has been established
Hearing threshold has
changed an average of 10
dB or more at 2000,
3000, or 4000 hertz in
either ear

Must be worn if:
Duration
Sound Level
(hours per day)
(dBA)
8
90
6
92
4
95
3
97
2
100
1.5
102
1
105
0.5
110
0.25 or less
115
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Locations Requiring
Noise Protection
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Building #
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Room ###
Mechanical room
Penthouse
Building #
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Insert appropriate
locations
Building #
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Room ###
Shop area
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Building #
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Insert appropriate
locations
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Types of Hearing Protectors
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Earplugs
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Lightweight
Comfortable for long
periods of time
Made of soft fibers or foam
(self-forming)
Disposable or reusable
Performed, pre-molded, or
custom molded
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Earmuffs
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Easily put on or removed
Require entire ear to fit
inside cup (seal)
May interfere with glasses
or goggles
Can be designed for use
with hard hats
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General Considerations
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Proper initial fit required
Must be used correctly
Must receive training in the use and care of
hearing protectors provided
Must be allowed to select hearing protectors
from a variety of suitable hearing protectors
provided by employer
Must be replaced as necessary
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Hearing Safety
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If you have to shout to talk to someone within 2
or 3 feet - Wear hearing protection
Off-the-job activities (woodworking, shooting,
etc.) can hurt your hearing - Hearing
protection is recommended
Never remove hearing protection in high noise
areas
Do NOT share hearing protection with others
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Respiratory Protection
(29 CFR 1910.134)
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Hazards Requiring Respirators

Protect against breathing
air contaminated with
harmful:
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Dusts
Fogs
Fumes
Mists
Gases
Smokes
Sprays
Vapors
Infectious biological agents
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Healthcare-related
exposures that may
require respirators:
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Tuberculosis
Ethylene oxide
Some chemicals used for
disinfection or preservation
(morgues)
Animal fecal matter
Other related exposures
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Asbestos
Paint fumes
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Respirators

Types of Facepieces
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Half-face
Full-face
Hoods

Types of Respirators
– Air Purifying



–
N95 (Tuberculosis)
Dust, fume, mist
Powered air purifying
Air Supplied


Self-contained
breathing apparatus
Air Line
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General Considerations


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Written program
required
Medical examination in
accordance with ANSI
Z88.6
Annual follow-up
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Certification by NIOSH
Selection in accordance
with ANSI Z88.2
Fit testing required in
accordance with ANSI
Z88.10
Cleaning and
disinfection
Proper storage
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Emergency Response
(29 CFR 1910.120)

Facility Emergency
Response Plan addresses
PPE if:
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An industrial facility
intends to use the medical
center, if there is an
emergency
Medical center provides
support during responses
to natural phenomenon


Level A - Encapsulating
chemical protective suit
Level B - Respiratory
protection
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Summary

PPE must
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Protect against the hazard
Protect the route of entry
Be maintained in a safe
and sanitary condition
Be used properly
PPE is available by
contacting
–
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Your supervisor
Facility safety office
personnel

If you have questions
concerning PPE
provided contact
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–

Your supervisor
Facility safety personnel
If you have questions
concerning the health
effects associated with
PPE contact employee
health personnel
70