Transcript ups technology update

Consult + Engineer + Commission
“UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SYSTEM
(UPS) TECHNOLOGY UPDATE”
IEEE Industry Applications Society
Atlanta Chapter
January 18, 2011
Creating Exceptional Environments
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
TYPES OF UPS TECHNOLOGIES
•STATIC, DOUBLE CONVERSION
•STATIC, LINE INTERACTIVE
•FLYWHEEL-BASED
•ROTARY
•OFF-LINE
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
STATIC, DOUBLE CONVERSION UPS TOPOLOGY
•NORMAL POWER PATH: INPUT-RECTIFIER-DC BUSINVERTER-OUTPUT
•BYPASS POWER PATH: INPUT-STATIC SWITCH-OUTPUT
•STORED POWER PATH: BATTERY/FLYWHEEL-DC BUSINVERTER-OUTPUT
•MAJOR MANUFACTURERS: GE, LIEBERT, MGE,
MITSUBISHI, POWERWARE, TOSHIBA
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
STATIC, DOUBLE CONVERSION UPS CHANGES FOR
INCREASED OPERATING EFFICIENCY
•PWM IGBT RECTIFIERS INSTEAD OF SCRS
•PWM IGBT INVERTERS
•ELIMINATE INPUT AND OUTPUT TRANSFORMERS
•USER-SELECTABLE OFFLINE OPERATION
•USER-SELECTABLE CAPACITY CONTROL
•DISTRIBUTED OR SYSTEM STATIC BYPASS SWITCH
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
STATIC, DOUBLE CONVERSION UPS OPERATING
EFFICIENCY
•TYPICALLY 91%-96% AT FULL LOAD AND 90%- 94%
AT HALF LOAD
•USER-SELECTABLE OFFLINE 98%
•USER-SELECTABLE CAPACITY CONTROL CAN
IMPROVE % AT LOW LOADS
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
THE FLEAS THAT COME WITH THE DOG, PART 1
•ELIMINATING TRANSFORMERS REDUCES DC BUS
SAFETY
•INDUSTRY TREND IS TO ELIMINATE TRANSFORMERS
•ELIMINATING THE OUTPUT TRANSFORMER MAY
ELIMINATE A WYE-CONNECTED OUTPUT
•INDUSTRY TREND IS TO PROVIDE DISTRIBUTED
STATIC BYPASS SWITCHES
•IN USER-SELECTABLE OFFLINE MODE, SOME
TRANSIENTS COULD GET THROUGH BEFORE
THE UPS CAN REACT
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
STATIC, LINE-INTERACTIVE UPS TOPOLOGY
•NORMAL POWER PATH: INPUT-MAIN STATIC
SWITCH-OUTPUT
•BYPASS POWER PATH: INPUT-ALTERNATE STATIC
SWITCH-OUTPUT
•STORED POWER PATH: BATTERY-DC BUS-INVERTEROUTPUT
•MANUFACTURER: APC (SYMMETRA MW)
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
STATIC, LINE INTERACTIVE UPS CHANGES FOR
INCREASED OPERATING EFFICIENCY
•IMPROVED FIRMWARE CONTROL
STATIC, LINE INTERACTIVE UPS OPERATING
EFFICIENCY
•TYPICALLY 97% AT FULL LOAD, 96% AT HALF LOAD
AND 94% AT QUARTER LOAD
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
THE FLEAS THAT COME WITH THE DOG, PART 2
•REDUCED DC BUS SAFETY
•SOME TRANSIENTS COULD GET THROUGH
BEFORE THE UPS CAN REACT
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
FLYWHEEL-BASED UPS TOPOLOGY
•NORMAL POWER PATH: INPUT-MAIN STATIC
SWITCH-INDUCTOR-OUTPUT
•BYPASS POWER PATH: INPUT-ALTERNATE STATIC
SWITCH-OUTPUT
•STORED POWER PATH: FLYWHEEL-CONVERTERINDUCTOR-OUTPUT
•MANUFACTURER: ACTIVE POWER
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
© All Rights Reserved
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
FLYWHEEL-BASED UPS CHANGES FOR INCREASED
OPERATING EFFICIENCY
•IMPROVED FIRMWARE CONTROL
STATIC, LINE INTERACTIVE UPS OPERATING
EFFICIENCY
•TYPICALLY 98% AT FULL LOAD AND 96% AT HALF
LOAD
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
THE FLEAS THAT COME WITH THE DOG, PART 3
•LIMITED ENERGY STORAGE – 14 SECONDS
•SYSTEM CAPACITY LIMITED BY THE CAPACITY OF
ONE STANDBY GENERATOR
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
BASIC ROTARY UPS TOPOLOGY
•NORMAL POWER PATH: INPUT-RECTIFIERINVERTER-SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE-OUTPUT
•BYPASS POWER PATH: INPUT-STATIC SWITCH SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE –OUTPUT
•STORED POWER PATH: BATTERY-DC BUS-INVERTERSYNCHRONOUS MACHINE-OUTPUT
•MANUFACTURER: PILLER
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
VARIATION ON ROTARY UPS TECHNOLOGY,
AKA DYNAMIC ROTARY UPS (DRUPS)
•NORMAL POWER PATH: INPUT-RECTIFIER-COUPLING
CHOKE-OUTPUT
•BYPASS POWER PATH: INPUT-BYPASS SWITCH OUTPUT
•STORED POWER PATH: ENGINE-COUPLING-ENERGY
ACCUMULATOR-SYNCHRONOUS MACHINECOUPLING CHOKE-OUTPUT
•CAN OPERATE AT LOW VOLTAGE OR MEDIUM
VOLTAGE
•MANUFACTURERS: EURO-DIESEL, HITEC, PILLER
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
ROTARY UPS CHANGES FOR INCREASED OPERATING
EFFICIENCY
•IMPROVED FIRMWARE CONTROL
•USER-SELECTABLE OFFLINE OPERATION
ROTARY UPS OPERATING EFFICIENCY
•TYPICALLY 92% AT FULL LOAD AND 88% AT HALF
LOAD (BASIC)
•TYPICALLY 96% AT FULL LOAD AND 48% AT HALF
LOAD (VARIATION)
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
THE FLEAS THAT COME WITH THE DOG, PART 4
•VARIATION IS THE MOST UPS CAPACITY/SQUARE
FOOT OF BUILDING AREA
•VARIATION HAS CONSTANT LOSSES, REGARDLESS
OF LOAD
•VARIATION CAN SUPPLY LARGE MEDIUM
VOLTAGE SYSTEMS (VOLTAGE VARIES BY
MANUFACTURER)
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
OFFLINE UPS TOPOLOGY
•NORMAL POWER PATH: INPUT-STATIC SWITCHOUTPUT
•BYPASS POWER PATH: INPUT-BYPASS SWITCHOUTPUT
•STORED POWER PATH: BATTERY-INVERTER-STEPUP
TRANSFORMER-OUTPUT
•CAN OPERATE AT LOW OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE (UP
TO 25KV)
•MANUFACTURER: S&C
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Consult + Engineer + Commission
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UPS TECHNOLOGY UPDATE
Consult + Engineer + Commission
OFFLINE UPS CHANGES FOR INCREASED OPERATING
EFFICIENCY
•CAPACITY UP TO 16MW PER SYSTEM
•IMPROVED FIRMWARE
•CAN ACCOMMODATE WET CELL OR VRLA BATTERIES
•CAN ACCOMMODATE UP TO 20 MINUTES BATTERY
OPERATION AT FULL LOAD
•CAN BE INSTALLED INDOORS OR OUT DOORS
•CAN UTILIZE METAL-ENCLOSED OR METAL-CLAD
SWITCHGEAR
•DISTRIBUTED OR SYSTEM STATIC BYPASS SWITCH
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Consult + Engineer + Commission
OFFLINE UPS OPERATING EFFICIENCY
•TYPICALLY 98%-99% AT ALL LOADS
THE FLEAS THAT COME WITH THE DOG, PART 5
•SOME TRANSIENTS COULD GET THROUGH BEFORE THE
UPS CAN REACT
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Consult + Engineer + Commission
Thank You!
Comments and Questions?
Creating Exceptional Environments
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