Transcript Slide 1

EPSCoR Project
Research Components and Budget Overview
University of Alaska
Task 1: Development of
Statewide Wind Energy
Database
G. Fay – UAA ISER (lead)
K. Keith – UAF ACEP
J. Jensen - Alaska Energy
Authority
Task 2: Technical Issues Associated
with High Penetration of Wind
G. Holdmann – UAF ACEP (lead)
R. Wies - UAF INE
R Peterson-- UAF INE
B. Muhando – UAF ACEP
State Agencies and
Outreach
Utility Partners
TDX Power
Kotzebue Electric Ass.
Kodiak Electric Ass.
Alaska Village Electric Coop, Etc.
Alaska Energy Authority
Renewable Energy Alaska Project
UAF Cooperative Ext. Services
Rural Campuses
Task
Task I
Task II
Task III
Task IV
Project Management
Funding in
EPSCoR Budget
$300,000
$1,179,690
$200,000
$434,829
$583,656
Task 3: Cold Climate Operation
M. Cullin – UAA SOE (lead)
K. Keith – UAF ACEP
Joey Yang – UAA SOE
Task 4: Social, Economic,
and Political Challenges
G. Fay – UAA ISER (lead)
M. Berman – UAA SER
S. Colt – UAA ISER
Industry Partners
World Class
Laboratories
Northern Power Systems
Sustainable Automation
PowerCorp
Prudent Energy
HOMER Energy, Etc.
Match (through
AEA/DOE)
N/A
N/A
~$300,000
N/A
~$110,000
NREL
SNL
Other Labs
Other Universities
Additional competitively
awarded complementary funds
$75,000
~$833,000
N/A
N/A
$60,000
1. Overview of Task II
• The Task:
Address technical issues associated with high penetration of wind.
• Research Components:
1. Develop transformative and efficient energy technologies to
address high wind penetration challenges in Alaska:
a) Operation in diesel-off mode, b) Advanced energy storage
2.
Wind power for space heating and transportation applications
(smart grid applications, hybrid/electric transportation)
3.
Advanced modeling - wind analysis, design, and integrated
modeling by an objective third party.
1.1 High Wind Penetration in AK
Isolated communities
utilizing commercial
wind-diesel hybrid
systems in Alaska
New State Energy Plan released in
January 2009 shows strong wind
potential in 116 communities
(http://www.aidea.org/aea/)
1.2 Challenges to HP Systems Deployment in AK
Technical
Policy
• Lack of dispatchable load and
controllers to allow higherpenetration systems
• Lack of an established technology
track record
• High capital cost and general discounting of
sustainability
• Perceived risk and associated higher financial costs
• Limited funding to support the development of
diesel alternative systems
• High and undocumented
installation and operation expenses
• Limited capacity of the grid
Institutional
• Lack of trained personnel and the ability to keep trained
personnel in communities
• Environmental, siting, or other development concerns.
1.3 Technical Solutions to High Penetration
Challenges
1. Innovative technologies for grid-forming
•
•
Power electronic converters and other devices to enhance
participation of the systems in voltage management and
frequency control
Additional reactive power control and fault-ride-through
capability, etc
2. Advanced energy storage
• Batteries provide two specific advantages:
a) Frequency stabilization (ms to seconds)
b) Load shifting (minutes to hours)
3. Diesel-off mode operation
2. Implementation of Task II.1
• Approach:
1. Installation of a test bed to assess options for
wind-diesel hybrid power systems in Alaska to
operate in a diesel-off mode by testing state-of-art
power electronics devices.
2. Design control strategies, and identify suitable
power electronic components and advanced
storage technologies for wind-diesel systems in AK.
2.1 Test Bed for Diesel-off Mode Operation
• Test Bed Equipment
1.
2.
3.
4.
Wind Turbine Simulator, 100 kW, induction generator, 3-phase 480 VAC
Lead-Acid Battery Bank, 336 VDC, 896 Ah nominal capacity
Grid-Forming Power Converter, 200 kVA, 480 VAC, 60 Hz
Transformer, Isolation, 225 kVA, 480/277 V.
Test Bed (cont’d)
Diesel-off Mode Operation (cont’d)
Converter control algorithms
are designed for operation
under the following conditions:
Diesel OFF state — no diesel gensets
online, the converter has to establish the
grid frequency; the voltage regulator on
the converter controls the field current so
as to maintain the desired AC bus voltage.
Diesel-ON state — inverter operates in
parallel with diesel gen-sets and the WT.
The energy produced from the WTs acts as
a negative load, the diesel gen-sets follow
the load, and any excess power is used to
charge batteries, if present, or is
dissipated by the dump load.
2.2 Energy Storage Options by Time Scale and
Complexity
Viable technologies for Alaska:
Flow Battery
Storage Testing
@ACEP
+ve Electrolyte:
Vanadyl/vanadium sulphate
-ve Electrolyte:
Hypovanadous VII/Vanadous VIII
Sulphate
Electrolyte operating temp. range:
10 to 35 degC
Allowable storage temp. range:
-25 to 75 degC
3. Recap
Diesel-off Mode Analysis:
• Short term Analysis:
o
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Grid-forming: Over voltage, under
voltage, over frequency, underfrequency, trip tests, harmonics, DC
current injection, unintentional
islanding, synchronization
Real and reactive load sharing
• Long term research will be
defined based on additional
equipment, personnel, funding:
o
o
o
o
Advanced Storage Analysis:
• Battery performance testing
involves characterization in
relation to manufacturer’s
specifications. Aim is to verify
suitability for AK climate
o
o
o
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Cycle life
Discharge rate
Duty cycle
Environmental conditions (temp.,
pressure, vibration, etc)
• Battery qualification will be based
on
o
Satndby losses (if any)
Grid simulation,
o
Capacity
Low load operation, secondary load
management and prioritization, etc.
o
Accelerated life and storage analysis
Controlled battery
charging/discharging
1. Adoption and field trials
Emission issues, etc
2. Reduction in cost of energy