Transcript Diapositive 1 - Recharge Batteries

Market data,
Collection and recycling data
PROSUM Project
C. CHANSON
PPT 12
6th WRBRF, March 23-24th 2015, Berlin
1
Data availability and comparison
Global trend and values for Li-ion batteries POM
coherent
• Quantity of batteries placed POM as
declared by the national Collection
and Recycling Organizations
(CRO): based on the declaration of
the German and French CRO’s,
completed with less detailed data from
UK, Spain and Italy. It represents
more than 66% by weight of the
batteries placed on the market in
Europe.
• Quantity calculated with the data
from Avicenne: worldwide data with a
22% contribution attributed to the EU
Market. They are based on an
average of 175Wh/kg for Lithium-on
batteries, 70Wh/kg for Ni-MH and 45
Wh/kg for Ni-Cd
2
Market growth: portable battery Placed on the Market
Global market growth, but
- portable Ni-Cd is continuously decreasing (mainly due to the
substitution on Ni-Cd by Li-ion for the power tools application),
- Li-ion battery technology market is growing fast.
- Ni-MH is also growing.
3
Collection progress
Globally, the weight of portable batteries collected is
increasing on a yearly basis. The trends observed are quite
different when compared to the POM: particularly for Ni-Cd,
where the collection is increasing while the POM is
decreasing since years: it is a demonstration of the impact of
the long service life and the long hoarding time
4
Collection rate
The collection rate are calculated according the methodology
proposed by the Battery Directive 2066/66 EC. It compares the
quantity of waste batteries collected in a given year with the last 3
years average amount of batteries placed on the market, for the 3
technologies. It is a waste to sales comparison.
• Same users
• Same collection
streams
• But large
differences by
technology
5
Collection rate: comparison to other flows
 Portable Primary and Ni-MH similar format (mainly single cells), but
better collection observed for primary= hoarding effect?
 Li-ion are mainly packs in application: hoarding effect + WEEE mixed
flow.
Portable Primary batteries
Portable Secondary batteries
6
ProSUM: Prospecting Secondary raw
materials in the Urban mine and Mining waste
The ProSUM project will establish a European network of
expertise on secondary sources of critical raw materials
(CRMs), vital to today’s high-tech society.
ProSUM directly supports the European Innovation
Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials and its Strategic
Implementation Plan
calling for the creation of a European raw materials
knowledge base.
“prosum” is Latin for “I am useful”
7
Funded European project
PROSUM project
>
>
>
>
Submitted on April 8, 2014.
Approved on Sept 30, 2014
Started Jan 1, 2015.
Duration
= 36 months
PROSUM Global organisation
9
ProSUM
Prospecting
Secondary Raw Materials in the Urban Mine and Mining Tailings
PROSUM
Organization
WP1 Project management (WF)
WP2
Product
Characterisation
(Empa)
WP3
Stocks and flows
Characterisation
(UNU)
WP4
Waste
Characterisation
(TUB)
Components
Products
Fractions
CRM POM
CRM Stocks
CRM in Waste
WP5
Knowledge Base (BRGM)
WP6
Exploitation (WF)
EU Information Network
ProSUM Outputs
Coordinate
Launch EU Information Network.
End User Requirement Specification.
Review and Harmonisation of Data.
Quality and Update Protocols.
Collect
Validated methodologies for
determining CRM content.
Review of available data and
information.
Product Stocks and Flows Data.
Waste Flow Data.
Characterisation of Products and
Wastes.
Framework for analysis and data
handling.
Construct
Stocks and Flows Model.
Requirements for Additional Statistics
and Standards.
Urban Mine Data Models.
EU-Urban Mine Knowledge Data
Platform.
Communicate
EU-UMKDP – inventory and multi-user
portal, updates and reports.
Manage EU Information Network and
SIGs.
Recommendations for improvement,
standardisation and management of
data.
11
ProSUM Partners
Partner
Role
WEEE Forum
Coordinator, WP 6 Leader Dissemination and Exploitation
Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM)
WP 5 Leader Knowledge Base and EU-UMKDP
Central Bureau Voor De Statistiek (CBS)
Statistics and data harmonisation
Ceska Geologicka Suzba (CGS)
EU-UMKDP metadata catalogues
Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola
CRM content and flows in ELVs
C-Tech Innovation Ltd
End user requirements
EuroGeoSurveys (EGS)
Scientific Coordinator – Mineral Resources
Empa
WP2 Leader Urban Mine Characterisation
Eucobat
Batteries stocks and flows
Geoloski Zavod Slovenije (GeoZS)
EU-UMKDP information systems
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland
EU-UMKDP data exchange formats for mineral resources
Recharge
Batteries content, technologies and flows
Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU)
Mineral resources and raw material supply
Technische Universitat Berlin (TUB)
WP4 Leader Waste Characterisation
Technische Universiteit Delft (TUD)
CRM parameters in products and components
United Nations University (UNU)
Scientific Coordinator, WP3 Leader Stocks and Flows Characterisation
WRAP
Complementary/unreported waste flows
12
First tasks in Prosum
 How to identify and categorize the CRM content on
batteries placed on the Market
 Database structure and content
 Identification of available data
Batteries classification and identification issue
Categorization/ Classification
Aiming at an organization for a specific purpose, based on a
methodology approach
• Based on market and/or size
• Battery directive
• Application (UNUcode)
• Based on Chemistry ( not coherent with the other type
•
•
•
•
•
Chemical type (IEC)
UN transport
List of Waste Regulation
ProdCOM codes
other standards (SAE, UL, …)
Batteries classification and identification issue
Identification:
Aiming at identifying the product, or the product category
• BD directive marking
• Hazardous waste identification
• Un marking
• IEC marking
• Others standards (SAE,..) marking
manufacturer label
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Product name
Place of production
Date of production
Manufacturing code
Brand
Format
Capacity
Voltage
Energy
Others…
Batteries classification and identification issue
Characterisation:
Complementary information characterising the product
in addition to the marking indications.
• Application
• Size
• Format
• Weight
• Voltage
Compatibility
with CRM content?
Recharge proposal
of classification
based on chemical
categorization
Categorization
BD
BD sub cat
Portables batteries
primary
primary
primary
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
primary
primary
primary
primary
primary
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
rechargeable
UN transport LoW
16 06 05
16 06 04
16 06 05
UN 3496
16 06 04
16 06 01*
Prod Com UNU appl code
27.20.11.00 single cells
27.20.11.00
27.20.11.00
27.20.23.00
27.20.22.00
UN 3496
UN 2794
16 06 04
16 06 02*
16 06 05
16 06 01*
16 06 01*
27.20.23.00 Portable PC
27.20.23.00 UNU 303
27.20.23.00
27.20.22.00
27.20.22.00
UN 3090
UN 3090
UN 3090
UN 3090
UN 3090
UN 3480
UN 3480
UN 3480
UN 3480
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
16 06 05
27.20.11.00
27.20.11.00
27.20.11.00
27.20.11.00
27.20.11.00
27.20.23.00
27.20.23.00
27.20.23.00
27.20.23.00
27.20.23.00
Automotiverechargeable
batteries
UN 2794
Industrial batteries
Lead acid
Ni-Cd
UN 2795
Chem cat
Zn Carbon
Zn Alkaline
Zn others
Ni-MH
Pb sealed
others
Ni-MH
Ni-Cd
Ni other
Pb sealed
Pb vented
Others
Li SO2
Li SOCl2
Li MnO2
Li CFx
Li met others
Li CoO2
Li NMC
Li PO4
Li Mn
L-ion others
Tablets UNU 303
cell phones UNU306
cameras/games UNU402
cordless tools UNU601
others portable
16 06 01* 27.20.21.00 SLI
Pb automotive
others
16 06 01* 27.20.21.00 UPS
lead acid
16 06 02* 27.20.23.00
Ni-Cd
Batteries CRM content assessment
Identification of what is Placed On the Market
Placed on the
market
Batteries categories
Markets
Chemistry per
market
Weight per
market
CRM content per
market (POM)
Nb of equipment
Nb of batteries,
total Wh
tons of batteries
per chemistry
weight of CRM
per POM per
chemistry
Nb
Batteries/equipe
ment
Eurostat, EPBA study
Avicenne study,
other market
studies
Units/market
Recharge study
Avicenne,
manufacturers
data
Weight per
battery per
application
Chemistry
composition
Recharge study,
manufacturers
data
calculation
Recharge
information,
manufacturers
information
Units/market/chemistry
tons/market/chemistry
calculation
kg /CRM/market
Batteries CRM content assessment
Coherence check with what is collected
Usage/hoarding
End of live
CRM content on the
market (use)
measured Flows
weight of CRM in the
UM per chemistry
tons of batteries
Usage + hoarding
time per market per
chemistry
Bebat, Eucobat
studies
Chemistry
measured flows per assessment per
chemistry
flow
chemistries ratios
per flow
calculation, sampling
studies??
Euostat, Eucobat,
recharge data
Eucobat
kg /CRM/market
tons/flow
tons/flow
Calculated
CRM mapping
Flows of EOL Flows
(POM+Use+
products
Consolidation EOL)
tons of
batteries/flow
tons of batteries per
/chemistry
chemistry per flow
Weight of CRM
per chemistry
per flow
chemistry
composition
calculation
based on
POM and
Eucobat,
usage/hoardin
sampling studies. g
calculation
tons/chemistr
tons/flow
y/flow
calculation,
sampling
studies?
Conclusion
ProSUM project is on track!
The first tasks:
> A good exercise in clarifying what are the data
sources and their content.
> A global approach to define a public database
requirements (data granularity, classification,…).
The need of complementary information is already
identified: industrial batteries are not well
characterized.