Transcript File

TEAM 28 (S.P.O.C.)
Solar Power Optimized Cart
TEAM MEMBERS


Cameron Boozarjomehri

Computer Engineer

Team Leader


Team Mentor

Consultant (Supreme Overlord)
Jacob Bitterman

Electrical Engineer

Hardware Lead (Leader of away
team)

William Ellett

Computer Engineer

Software Lead (redshirt 1)
Dr. Richie



Zaza Soriano
Being a Swell Guy
Sponsor

Duke Energy
MOTIVATION
Desire
to work with Solar Technology
Interested
in transportation project
Environmental
Have
conservation interests
an excuse to drive a golf cart to
and from campus
CURRENT METHODOLOGY (TESLA SUPERCHARGER)
►Electric car using charge stations
►Cost: $62,400 (1,170 for Vehicle Dock)
►Super Charge station incorporate PV cells (Separate Assembly)
CURRENT METHODOLOGY (UCF ZENN)
►Zero Emission No Noise
►Electric Car modified with a PV array
►Cost: $15,995 (just car, no integrated PV hookup)
►Range of 35 Miles
OBJECTIVES


Electric vehicle

Powered solely by photovoltaic cells

Able to charge while driving
Vehicle drive modes to control performance

Performance mode

Balanced mode

Eco mode

Clearly display vehicle information to user

Use a simple User Interface to allow users to manipulate the vehicle
SPECIFICATIONS

Cart can reach top speeds in excess of 10 miles per hour

Considered normal for this model cart

Cart will have parallel charging circuits

Vehicle load capacity of 700lbs (including passengers and all components)

Charge from no energy in 6 hours during optimal sunlight exposure [Stretch Goal]
SPECIFICATION CONT.

Rear panel adjustable with 80º of freedom to optimize solar energy collection

Optimization system that suggests best panel angle to within 5º

User Interface


Displays current drive mode (Performance, Balanced, Eco Boost)
Display energy absorption rate in watts to nearest watt

Battery charge percentage accurate to nearest whole percent

Stretch Goals:

Display current maximum range in miles +/- 1 mile

Display speed in mph to nearest 1/10th of a mile
GOALS/SPECIFICATIONS OF DRIVE MODE
Drive Mode
Performance
Balanced
Eco Boost
Tuning
Favors Speed
Behaves Normally
Favors Range
Requirements
Cart is able to surpass
factory restricted top
speed
Vehicle operates
within standard
factory settings
Cart is able to surpass
factory specified top
range
Performance Targets
(Stretch Goals)
Cart can go in excess
of 14 mph
Cart can travel more
than 25 miles
between charges
Cart travels as long as
possible past 25 miles
between charges
Intended Design
settings
Vehicle uses both
battery and solar
panel output to
maximize speed and
acceleration
Cart combines panels
and a single battery
bank to achieve
normal drive speeds
Single panel and
battery bank work in
series to drive cart, 2nd
panel charges
secondary batteries

All drive modes have emergency shutoff to protect cart components
OVERALL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Solar
Panels
MPPT/
Converter
Batteries
MicroController
Onboard
Display
Motor
COMPONENT POSITIONING (SIDE)
Solar
Panels
5’ 4”
Display
Microcontroller
Housing
5’ 7.5”
Battery/ Buck
Converter
Housing
*Banana for Scale
7’ 9.5”
COMPONENT POSITIONING (BACK)
3’ 3”
3’ 11”
Microcontroller
Housing
5’ 4”
5’ 7.5”
VEHICLE (GOLF CART)
Specs
E-Z-GO Freedom-TXT
36 Volt Electric Golf
Cart (2005)
Energy Source
Trojan 105h 6Volt
Deep Cycle wet
battery (x6) DC
Motor
36-volt 4-hp@4400 rpm
(can handle up to 48
volts)
Projected Top Speed
20mph
Realistic top speed
10mph
Load Capacity
800 pounds
Price
$1,600.00 after tax
PHOTOVOLTAIC OPTIMIZATION
Solar
Panels
MPPT/
Converter
Batteries
MicroController
Onboard
Display
Motor
SOLAR (PHOTOVOLTAIC) PANEL
Specs
Grape Solar GS-S-390-TS Grape Solar GS-S-250-Fab5
390-Watt Monocrystalline 250-Watt Monocrystalline
Solar Panel
Solar Panel
Rated Power
390W
250 Watts
Watts
341 (PTC)
222.1 (PTC)
Max Voltage
49.4V
31.7V
Cell Efficiency
15.2%
15.4%
Dimensions L x W x T
77.2” x 51.5” x 1.57”
64.6” x 39” x 1.57”
Price
$969.00
$374.99
MICROCONTROLLER
Specs
MSP430G2xx 16 bit
Microcontroller
ATmega2560
Operating Voltage
1.8-3.6V
1.8-5.5V
Flash Memory
56Kbytes
256Kbytes
I/O Pins
14/20
86
Operational Range
-40 to 85C
-40 to 85C
IDE
MSP-EXP430G2
Arduino IDE
Price
$12.50
$0.00
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD SCHEMATIC
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
MPPT DESIGN
DC-DC converter
DC-DC converter
BUCK CONVERTER OVERVIEW
Off-state
On-state
BUCK CONVERTER
COMPONENT POSITIONING (BATTERIES)
Thermal
Sensors
18 Volts
per circuit
Thermal
Sensors
BATTERY
Specs
Smart Battery 12V
40AH Lithium Ion
Battery Kit
Trojan Line Flooded
Deep cycle 6V battery
(Model T-105)
Voltage
12.8V
6V
Max Capacity
80A-H
225A-H
Weight
46.0lb
62lb
Dimensions
LxHxW
7.75” x 6.87” x 6.50”
10.375” x 7.125” x
10.875”
Temperature Range
-15 to 70 C
-20 to 45 C
Price
$672.90
$149.00
ADDITIONAL SENSORS
DS12B20 – Temperature Sensor
SEN-09088 Mini Photocell
33mm
18mm
3.0 to 5.5 V
100mW Power Dissipation
8 Bit Digital I/O Percision
Analog I/O pin read
±1 C at -55 to 125C
(In battery operational range)
±0.1 lux at -30 to 70C
(optimal for panel adjusting)
Dimensions
5 x 4 x 3mm
13mm lead length
Dimensions
2 x 4 x 5mm
31mm lead length
$4.25 (x4)
$1.50 (x2)
DRIVE CIRCUIT
Solar
Panels
MPPT/
Converter
Batteries
MicroController
Onboard
Display
Motor
DRIVE MODES
Standard Mode
Eco Boost Mode
Performance Mode
RELAY DIAGRAM
SPST
SPDT
SPDT
Converter
SPST
SPST
Converter
SPDT
SPDT
SPDT
RELAY DRIVER SCHEMATIC
RELAYS AND DIODE
AGT 30/40 Amp SPDT Relays
IN250B High Voltage Diode
33mm
Rated up to 40 Amps
Max 100V
12V Mechanical switch
Max 50A
Can be repurposed as SPST Relay
Turn on Voltage of 1 Volt
Dimensions
52 x 26 x 28mm
16 Gauge Harness Wires
Dimensions
37 x 20 x 20mm
13.95(x8)
$3.00 (x8)
USER INTERFACE
Solar
Panels
MPPT
Batteries
MicroController
Onboard
Display
Governor
/Motor
COMPONENT POSITIONING (DASH BOARD)
B0
B1
USER DISPLAY
Specs
Adafruit Blue
Character OLED 16x2
Adafruit HDMI 4 Pi –
10.1” Display 1280x800
IPS – VGA/NTSC/PAL
Resolution
16 characters x 2 rows
1280x800 pixels
Lighting
LED Pixel-based
White LED backlight
Required Voltage
3/5V
5-12VDC
Easily added to PCB?
no
no
Dimensions
LxWxD
80mm x 36mm x
10mm
Approx.
230mm x 150mm x 5mm
Contrast ratio
2000:1
800:1
Price
$27.95
$144.95
USER DISPLAY
“Eco Mode B1
Max Range”
“Balance Mode B1
Avg Rng & Spd”
“Performance Mode
Max Speed”
B1
Hold B0 & B1:
Cycle Cart Info
Program start
Hold B1
Release B1
Battery
B0
Power Input
and Charge
Battery
B0
Temperatures
F/C
B0
Current
Drive
Mode
B0
Panel
Output &
Efficiency
PANEL ADJUSTMENT CONTROL
PROJECT BUDGET
Component
Budgeted Cost
Actual Cost
Difference
$1,999.00
$1,600.00
+$399.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
PV Cells
$433.95
2x $374.99
-$316.03
Screen
$149.95
$27.95
+$122.00
$91.89
$0.00
$185.30
-$93.41
$369.90
-$369.90
$2,933.13
-$258.37
Cart
Battery
PCB
Sensors, etc.
Total:
$2,674.79
STRETCH GOAL

Bluetooth:
•



Redundant Data Distribution from display to phone
PV Optimization using GPS
•
Suggest parking position to improve vehicle charge time
•
Displayed Via OLED
Motor Control
•
Limiting Acceleration to maximize range
•
Controlled by the Microcontroller
Data Displayed
•
Current Speed
•
Maximum Range in each drive mode
Task
Jacob Bitterman
Cameron
Boozarjomehri
William Ellett
Maximum Power
Point Tracking
W
Power Conversion
(Buck Converter)
W
Power Switching
and Distribution
C
Drive Mode
Implementation
C
Microcontroller and
Sensor Connections
C
Panel Mounting &
Positioning System
User Interface
Printed Circuit
Board (PCB)
J
W
C
C
C
W
W
QUESTIONS?