Transcript Israel-DCDCx

Developments on power transfer at CERN
(DC-DC converters)
Philippe Farthouat
CERN
Typical Power Requirements
in ATLAS
2
 A substantial amount of electronics on the detector requiring
power
 ATLAS inner tracker
 ATLAS calorimeters
 ATLAS muon spectrometer
53 kW
184 kW
107 kW
16 kA
38 kA
29 kA
 Simple direct powering would require too many and too heavy
cables
 In the experimental cavern we have got
 Radiation
 Magnetic field
Mrads in the inner tracker
10’s krads in the other places
2 Teslas in the inner tracker
up to 1 kGauss for the rest
 Requires DC-DC converters and special designs
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
3
Generic Power Distribution
Control Room
No radiation
No magnetic field
Experimental Cavern
Radiation
Magnetic field
Voltage
Regulators
DC/DC
Main input
220 V 50 Hz
AC/DC
DC
48 – 400 V
6 – 12 V
1.2 – 5 V
DC
48 – 400 V
POL
DC/DC
DC/DC
6 – 12 V
1.2 – 5 V
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
4
R&D Needs and Activities
Control Room
No radiation
No magnetic field
Experimental Cavern
Radiation
Magnetic field
Voltage
Regulators
DC/DC
Main input
220 V 50 Hz
AC/DC
DC
48 – 400 V
6 – 12 V
1.2 – 5 V
DC
48 – 400 V
POL
DC/DC
DC/DC
6 – 12 V
1.2 – 5 V
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
5
DC-DC Converters for moderate
radiation and magnetic fields
 We currently have several types of such devices either from
commercial companies or designed and built in some
participating institutes
 Input voltage is in the range 48 V – 400 V
 Output voltage in the range 5 V – 12 V / up to 40 A
 Magnetic field up to 1.2 kGauss
 Radiation level
 TID:
 NIEL:
 Hadrons capable of causing SEE:
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
140 Gy
1012 1MeV neutrons.cm-2
1011 hadrons.cm-2
[email protected]
h
6
Example of development (1)
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
7
Example of development (2)
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
8
Example of development (3)
 ~2500 “bricks”
 ~256 multichannel DC-DC
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
Future Developments in this
Field
9
 For the upgrade of the LHC we plan similar developments to be
done
 With higher level of radiation
 TID:
 NIEL:
 Hadrons capable of causing SEE:
 Probably less different voltages
600 Gy
5 1012 1MeV neutrons.cm-2
5 1011 hadrons.cm-2
 Our past experience has proven that such a development can
be long because of the qualification of components against
radiation
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
On-going Development:
Point Of Load DC-DC
10
 In view of the upgrade of the LHC we are looking for a POL DC-DC
converter to be installed in the tracker region
 2 – 4 Tesla magnetic field
 ~1 MGy and 1015 1MeV neutrons.cm-2
 Reduce the input current by a factor ~5 to reduce the material
budget
 Specifications





Vin ≤ 10 V
Vout = 1.2 – 3.3 V
Iout ≤ 3 A
Frequency = 1 – 3 MHz
Air-core inductor
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
Courtesy
Stefano Michelis
[email protected]
h
11
ASIC Development
 This technology has been
successfully tested for TID,
protons and heavy ions.
2.7 mm
 AMIS5 is designed in a High
Voltage 0.35um technology
for automotive application.
Courtesy Stefano Michelis
2.88 mm
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
12
AMIS5 Efficiency
Efficiency vs Iout (Vout=2.5V, Vin=10V, T=15°C)
85.0%
Efficiency (%)
80.0%
75.0%
L=460nH f=1.7MHz
70.0%
L=220nH f=1.7MHz
L=220nH f=2.5MHz
65.0%
Courtesy Stefano Michelis
L=120nH f=3MHz
60.0%
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Output Current (mA)
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
3000
3500
4000
[email protected]
h
13
TID Tests
TID effect at 15°C (up to 325Mrad)
84%
82%
78%
0.5A load
76%
1A load
74%
1.5A load
72%
2A load
70%
3A load
68%
66%
1.00E+03
1.00E+04
1.00E+05
1.00E+06
TID (rad)
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
1.00E+07
1.00E+08
1.00E+09
Courtesy Stefano Michelis
Efficiency (%)
80%
[email protected]
h
14
Future Plans
 Immediate future (within 2 years)
 Test foreseen for AMIS5
 Single Event and Displacement damage tests (fall 2012)
 Tests on AMIS5 packaged in QFN32
 AMIS5_BB Bump Bonded version
 tests and characterization
 Production of about 10,000 fully assembled converters
 Next
 Similar design for higher radiation level
 Requires a change in technology
 Lower overall mass of the converter
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
15
Summary
 We will have to develop two main types of converters
 Relatively high power to be used in the outer parts of the
detector with moderate radiation and magnetic fields
 POL low power to be used also in places with very high radiation
and magnetic fields
 The first type could be fully industrial
 We could/would help for the radiation hardness qualification
 The second type is to be based on a custom radiation hard
ASIC and an air-core inductor
 Production of 10,000’s modules needed
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h
Current ATLAS Silicon
Tracker
16
The beauty
The beast
Courtesy Allan Clark
DC-DC converters developments at CERN
[email protected]
h