Transcript 综合英语1 PPT unit5

综合英语（一）
Unit 5 How to Be True to Yourself
主讲人：高娜娟
Contents
1.
Background of the text
2.
Text comprehension
3.
Text structure
4.
Language points
5.
Analysis the long sentences in the text
1.
Background of the text
1. Denis Waitley (1933- ) is one
of the most sought-after
keynote speakers and
productivity consultants in
the world today. Waitley is a
graduate of the U.S. Naval
Academy at Annapolis, and a
former Navy pilot.
1.
Background of the text
His clients and audiences include Fortune 500
top executives and multi-national corporations,
small business owners and entrepreneurs,
Superbowl champions, Olympic medallists,
Apollo astronauts, U.S. Armed Forces, world
leaders and foreign governments, educators
and youth groups. In addition to his popularity
in the U.S. Dr. Waitley is one of the most
respected, high performance coaches in
Australia, Canada, Dubai, New Zealand,
Ireland, Latin America, Malaysia, Singapore,
and China.
1.
Background of the text
For the past 40 years, he has inspired,
informed and enlightened millions of
individuals with his 15 non-fiction books,
hundreds
of
audio
programmes
and
entertaining, penetrating live keynote lectures,
seminars and television appearances.
In 2008 Dr. Waitley published his book
entitled The Dragon and the Eagle: China and
America: Growing Together, Worlds Apart,
which has captured the interest of Wetern and
Far Eastern business leaders, educators,
students and travelers.
1.
Background of the text
2. Russian nesting doll
A Russian nest doll is a set of dolls of
decreasing sizes placed one inside another.
The most traditional nesting doll design is one
that looks like a young Russian woman
dressed in Russian native costume with a scarf
on her head. The number of dolls in the set
ranges from 5 to 30, but some custom-made
sets contain many more. Russian nesting dolls
are often designed to follow a particular theme,
ranging from fairy tale characters to Soviet
leaders.
1.
Background of the text
3. Ogilvy & Mather
Ogilvy & Mather is an advertising agency
headquartered in New York City founded in 1948
by the oft-quoted David Ogilvy. Ogilvy & Mather
Worldwide describes itself as one of the largest
marketing communications networks in the world
servicing more Fortune Global 500 companies in
five or more countries than any other agency.
Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide is the agency created
by British-born advertising legend David Ogilvy in
1948, virtually from scratch. It now has 35 US
offices and a further 359 worldwide in over 90
countries.
1.
Background of the text
4. Sirens
Sirens: (in ancient Greek literature) any
of a group of women-like creatures whose
sweet singing charmed sailors and caused
the wreck of their ships. In this text,
however, the word siren is metaphorically
used to refer to a method that brings the
most immediate benefits, based on
practical rather than moral considerations.
2.
Text comprehension
1. What are the three key principles of the Integrity
Triad?
2. What does the author conclude from the example of
a surgical operation?
3. What can we conclude from the example of the firm
Ogilvy & Mather?
4. What do people who lack genuine core values usually
do? Why?
5. Which two factors serve as the components of
integrity and as the basis for enriching one’s
relationship with others?
6. What does a life of principle signify according to the
author’s grandparents?
3.
Text structure
1. Part 1 (Para. 1): The beginning of this essay—from
his grandparents’ motto, the author introduces his
topic: integrity is fundamental in every area of
society and is the value we must demand if ourselves.
2. Part 2 (Paras. 2-14): The body of the essay—the
deductive elaboration of the Integrity Triad: the three
key principles.
3. Part 3 (Para. 15): The conclusion of the essay—the
author further explains what integrity means and
points out what benefit and prospect a life of
principle will bring you.
4.
Language points
1. demonstrate: v. prove or make clear a fact, esp.
by reasoning or providing examples; show or
prove clearly 证明，论证，证实
His last remark demonstrates his total ignorance
of the unfaithfulness of his wife. （他的最后一段
话证明了他对妻子的不忠一无所知。）
Galileo demonstrated that objects of different
weights fall at the same speed. （伽利略证实了
重量不同的物体落下时的速度是一样的。）
The first-aid instructor demonstrated the correct
way to bandage a wound. （急救指导员示范了正
确的包扎伤口的方法。）
4.
Language points
2. morality: n. rightness or honesty of
behaviour 道德
One sometimes wonders if there is any
morality in war. （人们有时怀疑战争这东
西是否有道理可言。）
Have standards of morality improved? （道
德标准是否已有所改进？）
4.
Language points
3. conviction: n. very firm and sincere belief
坚定的信仰，坚信，深信
Mrs. Curie is a woman of strong convictions.
（居里夫人是位信念坚定的妇女。）
She has a firm conviction that she is always
right. （她坚信自己总是正确的。）
4.
Language points
4. ensure: v. make it certain that sth. will
happen 确保，保证
If you want to ensure that you get the
diploma, you have to work harder and
take all these curricula and pass them.
（如果你想确保获得文凭，就得努力些，选
修所有这些课程并通过考试。）
4.
Language points
5. appoint: .v. choose ofr a position or job 任
命，委任
The local government decided to appoint a
new teacher at once to the mountain
school. （当地政府决定立即委派一名新教
师到那所山村小学去。）
A committee was appointed to investigate
the pollution problems in that place. （已
任命委员会调查那里的污染问题。）
4.
Language points
6. status: n. one’s social or professional rank or
position 身份，地位
Some people think owning such an expensive car
will give them status. （有些人认为拥有如此豪华
的车将会给他们以高贵的身份。）
7. preserve: v. keep unchanged; cause (a condition)
to last 保持，维护
It is the duty of the police to preserve public order.
（警察的责任是维护公共秩序。）
The ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve
dead bodies from decay. （古埃及人懂得保存尸
体的方法。）
4.
Language points
8. sell out: be disloyal or unfaithful to one’s
principles 背叛原则，出卖朋友
He was a good writer, but he sold out and now
just writes for money. （他曾经是个不错的作家，
但他出卖原则，现在只为金钱而写作。）
9. at hand: near in place or time 在手边，在近处；
即将到来
When he writes, he always keeps a dictionary
close at hand. （他写作时，总是把一本字典放在
手边。）
Our National Day is at hand. （我们的国庆日就要
到了。）
4.
Language points
10. demand sth. of sb.: need in order to be
successful 需要，要求某人…（努力、勤劳
等）
Work of this nature demands personal
sacrifices of those who embark on it. （这
种性质的工作要求个人做出许多牺牲。）
4.
Language points
11. stand for: have as a set of aims or principles;
support 支持，主张，拥护
Before we vote for him, we want to know what
he stands for. （在我们投他的票之前，我们想知
道他主张什么。）
The Republic Party of China stands for the
interests of the broad masses of the people. （中
国共产党代表广大人民的利益。）
I wouldn’t stand for that sort of treatment if I
were you. （如果我是你，我就不能容忍那种待
遇。）
4.
Language points
12. in the face of: in spite of 尽管面临
In the face of difficulties and hardships,
she managed to keep her sense of humor.
（面对着极大的苦难，她仍设法保持了幽默
感。）
In the face of death, the general remained
calm and cool, showing no sign of fear.
（面对死亡，将军保持平静，没有一点恐惧
的表现。）
4.
Language points
13. account for: give a satisfactory explanation for
解释…的原因，对…作出解释
The suspect couldn’t account for his time that
night. （嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排。）
How do you account for losing five games in a
row? （你如何解释一连输了五场比赛呢？）
There is no accounting for tastes. （人各有所
好。）
North Sea oil accounts for a high proportion of
our export earnings. （北海石油占我国出口收入
的很大一部分。）
4.
Language points
14. back down: admit that one was wrong;
accept defeat in an argument, opinion, or
claim 放弃论点、意见、要求，让步
The opponents refused to back down.
（对方不愿让步。）
Since most of the people present agreed
with her, I had to back down. （大多数到
会的人都同意她的意见，我只好放弃原来的
意见了。）
4.
Language points
15. win the day: be successful; gain victory
成功，胜利
In the end, the arguments of the
environmentalists won the day. （最终，
环保论者的观点胜利了。）
Their persuasiveness will win the day. （他
们的劝告将会成功。）
5.
Analysis the long sentences in the text
1. They didn’t have to talk about it—they
demonstrated the motto by the way they
lived. (Para. 1, Lines 4-5)
【改写】It was not necessary for them to
explain it—their way of life clearly showed
the meaning of the motto.
【译文】他们不必解释这句座右铭——他们用自
己的生活方式来印证它。
5.
Analysis the long sentences in the text
2. They understood instinctively that integrity means
having a personal standard of morality and ethics
that does not sell out to expediency and that is not
relative to the situation at hand. (Para. 2, Lines 1-3)
【改写】They understood by nature that integrity
means that one should have a personal standard for
judging what is morally right and wrong. He does
what he thinks he should do, not what he thinks will
help him and his judgement is not affected by any
external circumstances.
【译文】他们本能地明白，诚信意味着有一套自己的道
德与伦理的标准，这种标准不会向私利妥协，也与个
人当前的处境无关。
5.
Analysis the long sentences in the text
3. David Ogilvy, founder of the advertising firm Ogilvy &
Mather, made this point clear to his newly appointed
office heads by sending each a Russian nestling doll
with five progressively smaller figures inside. (Para.
10, Lines 1-3)
【改写】David Ogilby was founder of the advertising
firm Ogilvy & Mather. He conveyed the message to
his newly appointed office heads through giving each
person a Russian nestling doll in which are fitted five
figures, each of which is smaller than the previous
one.
【译文】奥美广告公司的创始人大卫·奥格威，通过这样
的方式向他新任命的各部门主管明确指出这点：他给
每个人发了一组俄罗斯套娃，每组里都套着5个依次缩
小的娃娃。
5.
Analysis the long sentences in the text
4. People who lack genuine core values rely on
external factors—their liiks or status –in order
to feel good about themselves. (Para. 12,
Lines 1-3)
【改写】People who do not have real and
fundamental moral principles depend on the
aspects outside of themselves such as their
appearance or position—so as to have
confidence in themselves.
【译文】内心空虚的人总是依赖外在的因素——
外表或身份——以自我感觉良好。
5.
Analysis the long sentences in the text
5. A life of principle, of not succumbing to the
seductive sirens of an easy morality, will
always win the day. (Para. 15, 2-3)
【改写】If one does not yield to the lure of the
use of methods that bring the most
immediate benefits based on practical rather
than moral considerations, one will always be
successful / will invariably gain victories.
【译文】如果能在生活中坚持原则，抵制住放松
道德标准的诱惑，就总能获得成功。