Transcript CHAP5

5.
ETHICAL AND SOCIAL
IMPACT
OF
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
5.1
INFORMATION SYSTEM
BUSINESS
CHALLENGE
MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION
INFORMATION
BUSINESS
SYSTEM
SOLUTIONS
TECHNOLOGY
MORAL RISKS OF NEW TECHNOLOGY
INCLUDE INFO SYSTEMS ISSUES IN
CORPORATE ETHICAL POLICIES
ORGANIZATION
5.2
ETHICS
PRINCIPLES OF RIGHT AND WRONG
USED BY INDIVIDUALS
AS FREE MORAL AGENTS
TO GUIDE BEHAVIOR
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5.3
MORAL DIMENSIONS OF THE
INFORMATION AGE
• INFORMATION RIGHTS &
OBLIGATIONS
• PROPERTY RIGHTS
• ACCOUNTABILITY & CONTROL
• SYSTEM QUALITY
• QUALITY OF LIFE
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5.4
ETHICAL, SOCIAL & POLITICAL
ISSUES
INFORMATION
RIGHTS
&OBLIGATIONS
POLITICAL ISSUES
SOCIAL ISSUES
PROPERTY
RIGHTS &
OBLIGATIONS
ETHICAL ISSUES
INFORMATION &
TECHNOLOGY
ACCOUNTABILITY
& CONTROL
INDIVIDUAL
SOCIETY
POLITY
5.5
QUALITY OF LIFE
SYSTEM
QUALITY
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS &
ETHICAL ISSUES
• COMPUTING POWER DOUBLES EVERY 18
MONTHS
• ADVANCES IN DATA STORAGE
• ADVANCES IN DATA MINING
TECHNIQUES
• ADVANCES IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS
INFRASTRUCTURE
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5.6
ETHICS IN AN INFORMATION
SOCIETY
• RESPONSIBILITY: Accepting costs, duties,
obligations for decisions
• ACCOUNTABILITY: Assessing
responsibilities for decisions & actions
• LIABILITY: Must pay for legal damages
• DUE PROCESS: Insures laws are applied
properly
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5.7
ETHICS IN AN INFORMATION
SOCIETY
ETHICAL ANALYSIS:
• IDENTIFY, DESCRIBE FACTS
• DEFINE CONFLICT, IDENTIFY VALUES
• IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS
• IDENTIFY OPTIONS
• IDENTIFY POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES
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5.8
ETHICS IN AN INFORMATION
SOCIETY
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES:
• TREAT OTHERS AS YOU WANT TO BE TREATED
• IF ACTION NOT RIGHT FOR EVERYONE, NOT
RIGHT FOR ANYONE
• IF ACTION NOT REPEATABLE, NOT RIGHT AT
ANY TIME
• PUT VALUE ON OUTCOMES, UNDERSTAND
CONSEQUENCES
• INCUR LEAST HARM OR COST
• NO FREE LUNCH
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5.9
ACM CODE OF PROFESSIONAL
CONDUCT
• CONTRIBUTE TO SOCIETY & HUMAN WELLBEING
• AVOID HARM TO OTHERS
• BE HONEST & TRUSTWORTHY
• HONOR PROPERTY RIGHTS; COPYRIGHTS;
PATENTS
• GIVE CREDIT FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
• ACCESS ONLY AUTHORIZED RESOURCES
• RESPECT PRIVACY OF OTHERS
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5.10
INFORMATION RIGHTS
PRIVACY: Right to be left alone
FAIR INFORMATION PRACTICES (FIP):
• NO SECRET PERSONAL RECORDS
• INDIVIDUALS CAN ACCESS, AMEND
INFORMATION ABOUT THEM
• USE INFO ONLY WITH PRIOR CONSENT
• MANAGERS ACCOUNTABLE FOR
DAMAGE DONE BY SYSTEMS
• GOVERNMENTS CAN INTERVENE
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5.11
U.S.FEDERAL PRIVACY LAWS
GENERAL FEDERAL PRIVACY LAWS:
Freedom on Information Act, 1968
Privacy Act of 1974
Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986
Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of
1988
Computer Security Act of 1987
Federal Managers Financial Integrity Act of 1982
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5.12
U.S.FEDERAL PRIVACY LAWS
PRIVACY LAWS AFFECTING PRIVATE
INSTITUTIONS:
Fair Credit Reporting Act, 1970
Family Education Rights & Privacy Act of 1978
Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978
Privacy Protection Act of 1980
Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984
Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986
Video Privacy Protection Act of 1988
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5.13
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Intangible
creations protected by law
TRADE SECRET: Intellectual work or
product belonging to business, not in
public domain
COPYRIGHT: Statutory grant protecting
intellectual property from copying by
others for 28 years
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5.14
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
TRADE MARK: Legally registered mark,
device, or name to distinguish one’s
goods
PATENT: Legal document granting owner
exclusive monopoly on an invention for 17
years
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5.15
NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY:
ACCOUNTABILITY, LIABILITY &
CONTROL
ETHICAL ISSUES: Who is morally
responsible for consequences of
use?
SOCIAL ISSUES: What should society
expect and allow?
POLITICAL ISSUES: To what extent
should government intervene,
protect?
5.16
*
SYSTEM QUALITY: DATA
QUALITY & SYSTEM ERRORS
ETHICAL ISSUES: When is software or
service ready for release?
SOCIAL ISSUES: Can people trust
quality of software, services, data?
POLITICAL ISSUES: Should Congress
or Industry develop standards for
software, hardware, data quality?
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5.17
QUALITY OF LIFE
CENTRALIZATION VS. DECENTRALIZATION
RAPID CHANGE: Reduced response time to
competition
MAINTAINING BOUNDARIES: Family, work,
leisure
DEPENDENCE AND VULNERABILITY
COMPUTER CRIME & ABUSE
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5.18
QUALITY OF LIFE
EMPLOYMENT: Trickle-down technology;
reengineering job loss
EQUITY & ACCESS: Increasing racial & social class
cleavages
HEALTH RISKS:
• REPETITIVE STRESS INJURY (RDI)
• CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME (CTS)
• COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME (CVS)
• TECHNOSTRESS: Irritation, hostility, impatience,
enervation, fear
• VDT RADIATION
5.19
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MANAGEMENT ACTIONS: A
CORPORATE CODE OF ETHICS
INFORMATION RIGHTS &
OBLIGATIONS
PROPERTY RIGHTS & OBLIGATIONS
ACCOUNTABILITY & CONTROL
SYSTEM QUALITY
QUALITY OF LIFE
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5.20
LIABILITY ON THE INTERNET
• LIBEL
• COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT
• PORNOGRAPHY
• FRAUD
• JURISDICTION?
SEEK LEGAL ADVICE BEFORE
DEVELOPING WEB SITE...
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5.21
5.
ETHICAL AND SOCIAL
IMPACT
OF
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
5.22