Transcript - Toolbox Pro

Phoenicians, Lydians,
& Hebrews
The Phoenicians
3000 BC – First settlements
1100 BC – After domination by Egyptians & Hittites
Phoenician cities gain independence
814 BC - Carthage founded
790+/-BC –Conquered by Assyria
612 BC – Falls to Chaldeans (Nebuchadnezzar)
600BC - Phoenician seafarers circumnavigate Africa
539 BC – Conquered by Persia
333 BC – Conquered by Alexander the Great
64 BC - Conquered by Romans, term Phoenicia no
longer used
The Phoenicians
Government – Independent City States, loosely
united
Achievements –
- Superb Traders
Developed colonies across the Mediterranean
Carthage, Cadiz, Sicily, Sardinia, etc.
Major natural resource –Lebanon Cedar
Skilled artisans in Gold & Silver
Invented art of glassblowing
From a shellfish developed a purple dye whose
color became known as “Royal Purple”
Exported wine, linen, olive oil, & dried fish
The Phoenicians
Achievements – cont’d
Culture:
ItImitated
was theother
model
for(cultural
Western
alphabets:

cultures
diffusion)

customs
gov’t
after Egyptians & Babylonians
Patterned
adopted
by&the
Greeks
 RELIGION: Believed in no afterlife, were polytheistic
 trade spread it through Mediterranean area
 later copied by Romans
Located on the West coast of Asia Minor (modern day Turkey)
Known as the first people to coin money (around 600BC)
Used barter system previously
So, why is this important?
So What!?
Ancestors of modern day Israeli’s and Jew’s
First great leader Abraham born in Sumer
Abraham lead his people to Canaan (no natural
defenses, easily conquered
Descendants of Abraham (Jacob, Joseph) moved
into Egypt (Land of Goshen)
Fell out of favor with Egyptians, Moses lead
Hebrews through wilderness (Sinai Peninsula)
Finally back to Canaan
While in the wilderness . . .
Moses received the Ten Commandments
Moral laws governing moral conduct
Ethical monotheism
What other written code for behavior have
we studied?
What are the similarities?
Differences?
Government:
Monarchy –Saul was the first King
Subdivisions – Twelve Tribes – determined by heredity
Capital – Jerusalem (United Kingdom)
King David – Succeeded Saul, made Jerusalem capital,
established dynasty
King Solomon – son of David, built royal palace, great Temple
After Solomon’s reign Kingdom divided when 10 tribes revolted
Northern Kingdom – Israel; Capital - Samaria
Southern Kingdom – Judah: Capital - Jerusalem
722 BC- Assyrians conquered Samaria, Hebrews not
slaughtered were deported to Assyria as slaves
587 BC – Chaldeans, under Nebuchadnezzar, conquered
Judah, destroyed the capital, including the Temple,
and enslaved the Hebrews.
538 BC – Persian King Cyrus conquers Chaldeans, allows
Hebrews to return to Israel/Judah
Old Testament:
Book of religious beliefs (creation of the world, special
mission of Hebrews, history, etc.)
TORAH- First 5 books of Old Testament, lists Hebrew
code of laws. Named for Moses, called MOSIAC LAW.
“Eye for an Eye” but with greater value for human life.