Transcript October 24
How does morality fit in? GET MOVING ON YOUR PROJECTS! Yourmorals.org What did you think of the scale? Were your results as you expected? What are the differences between equity and equality? What factors other than values might affect how people respond? What leads people to have these values? Haidt, 2012 What is moral reasoning, according to Haidt? What are examples of moral issues on which we have automatic responses? How do we assess whether they are automatic? Rider on an elephant metaphor—good one? What does it suggest? Development of morality What are the nativist vs. empiricist vs. rationalism explanations? What are the implications of these approaches (for where morality comes from, how to change it, etc.)? Piaget http://www.usefulcharts.com/psychology/piag et-stages-of-cognitive-development. Kohlberg http://www.usefulcharts.com/psychology/kohl berg-stages-of-moral-development.html Carol Gilligan’s stages Gilligan's Stages of the Ethic of Care Approximate Age Stage Range Goal not listed Goal is individual survival Preconventional Transition is from selfishness -- to -- responsibility to others not listed Conventional Self sacrifice is goodness Transition is from goodness -- to -- truth that she is a person too maybe never Postconventional Principle of nonviolence: do not hurt others or self More research on moral development What effects did these models have on how people think about morality and values? What did Turiel add? Shweder? What are sociocentric vs. individualistic approaches to morality? Haidt, Koller, & Dias, 1993 What does data show in terms of how children and adults in various cultures think about morality? What are moral vs. social convention violations? What do Haidt’s data suggest about class and morality? What implications would this have? Why would these differences exist? Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. G. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 613-628. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.613 © 1993 American Psychological Association Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. G. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 613-628. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.613 © 1993 American Psychological Association Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. G. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 613-628. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.613 © 1993 American Psychological Association Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. G. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 613-628. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.613 © 1993 American Psychological Association The worship of reason What are the possible relationships between reason and emotion? Plato vs. Jefferson vs. Hume Which view does Haidt support? Roach juice and selling soul—why did only 30% agree? Sibling sex and eating person—how do people respond to these types of moral issues? What is Margolis’s distinction between “seeing that” and “seeing why”? What are some political examples of how we use moral reasoning to try to explain to others why they should agree with us? Changes in moral thinking How do moral decisions get made and change in Haidt’s model? How does his model suggest we should try to change opinions? Why doesn’t reasoning with someone work? Haidt’s evidence for automatic intuition then justification 1. Brains constantly evaluate. 2. Social and political judgments are especially like to be automatic. 3. Bodies guide judgments. 4. Psychopaths reason but don’t feel. 5. Babies feel but don’t reason. 6. Feelings are affected by outside influences. Accountability What is the idea of Tetlock’s intuitive politician? When does accountability make us really think through the issues? How does Leary’s “sociometer” idea fit in? When, what, and how well do we rationalize? How do we vote, according to Haidt? How would his approach explain poor people voting for conservative policies, for example? Intuitions What else do our intuitions do for us? What else is automatic and how does that serve us? Are some people better at justifying than others? What about at persuading/seeing the other’s point of view? Why do we want to be seen as moral? Comparisons Is Haidt’s approach consistent with other approaches we’ve talked about this semester? Cognitive dissonance theory System justification TMT What other concepts seem familiar? What does Carnegie suggest? How does that fit with research? How does Haidt view religion?