Transcript Presentation

Evaluation of Available Pest
Management Systems for
Limiting Yield Loss in Cotton
Susan Matthews Scott, Scott Monfort, Terry
Kirkpatrick, and Amy Carroll
University of Arkansas
Division of Agriculture
What systems?
• Combinations of products to control:
– Nematodes
– Insects
– Diseases
• Seed Treatments
Cotton Nematodes
• Cause up to 50% yield loss
• Reduce plant health in
general
– More susceptible to diseases
– Drought stress
• Unseen nemesis
– Must look for root galling
– Sandier fields
– Soil samples
spectre.nmsu.edu/media/photos.lasso?year=2002
Thrips
• Adult and larvae feed on leaves,
terminals, tender plant parts.
• Ragged crinkled leaves with a silvery
appearance usually curl upward and
appear burned along edges
• Damage to young cotton may stunt
cotton growth and reduce yields
Lonoke County
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Many farms with cotton monoculture
Silt loam soil
Limited sampling
Problem fields
BENTON
BOONE
CARROLL
BAXTER
FULTON
RANDOLPH
CLAY
MARION
GREENE
SHARP
IZARD
WASHINGTON
MADISON
NEWTON
SEARCY
STONE
STONE
CRAWFORD
LAWRENCE
INDEPENDENCE
CRAIGHEAD
POINSETT
JOHNSON
VAN BUREN
CLEBURNE
JACKSON
FRANKLIN
POPE
CRITTENDEN
CONWAY
WOODRUFF
SEBASTIAN
LOGAN
FAULKNER
CROSS
WHITE
YELL
ST. FRANCIS
PERRY
SCOTT
PULASKI
LEE
LONOKE PRAIRIE
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
POLK
MISSISSIPPI
GARLAND
SALINE
PHILLIPS
HOT SPRING
HOWARD
ARKANSAS
GRANT
JEFFERSON
PIKE
SEVIER
CLARK
DALLAS
CLEVELAND LINCOLN
DESHA
LITTLE RIVER HEMPSTEAD
NEVADA
DREW
CALHOUN
BRADLEY
OUACHITA
MILLER
CHICOT
LAFAYETTE
COLUMBIA
UNION
ASHLEY
Research first
• Objective to compare conventional infurrow nematicides vs. seed treatments
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Jefferson County
4 38 in rows x 50 ft
Sandy loam
Cotton monoculture
Treatments
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Temik 0.75 lb/A
Aeris
Avicta
Temik 0.75 lb/A + Temik 0.75 lb/A PHS
Aeris + Temik 0.75 lb/A PHS
Avicta + Temik 0.75 lb/A PHS
Research M&M
• Planted May 3
• Side-dress June 6 (PHS)
– Horstine Farmery LTD
• Applications 9” on each side of row
• Nematode samples taken 1” from seed
furrow
– 10 cores
– 4-6” deep
Results- Nematode Counts
Root-knot nematode J2/500 cc
Treatment and Rate
09 May
24 May
27 Jun
31 Oct
(1) Temik 0.75 lb/A
469.0 a
416.5 a
1718.5 a
833.5 a
(2) Aeris
364.5 a
520.8 a
2135.3 a
1094.0 a
(3) Avicta Complete Pak
677.0 a
521.0 a
937.3.a
781.3 a
(4) Temik 0.75 lb/A at-plant
Temik 0.75 lb/a at pinhead square
364.5 a
260.5 a
1041.5 a
885.3 a
(5) Aeris
Temik 0.75 lb/a at pinhead square
468.8 a
677.3 a
572.8 a
833.5 a
(6) Avicta Complete Pak
Temik 0.75 lb/A at pinhead square
208.3 a
468.8 a
989.8 a
1718.8 a
730.8
690.1
1621.3
725.7
LSD (P≤0.05)
Results
Seed Cotton Yield
Treatment and Rate
(1) Temik 15G 0.75 lb/A
(2) Aeris 0.375 + 0.375 Mg A/seed
Seedcotton/A
3126.0 ab
2847.3 b
(3) Avicta Complete Pak 0.34 + 0.15 Mg
A/seed
3098.0 ab
(4) Temik 15G 0.75 lb/A at-plant
Temik 15G 0.75 lb/a at pinhead square
3143.0 ab
(5) Aeris
Temik 15G 0.75 lb/a at pinhead square
3380.5 ab
(6) Avicta Complete Pak
Temik 15G 0.75 lb/A at pinhead square
3611.0 a
LSD (P≤0.05)
463.7
Just doing my job
• Avicta had a tough year (06)
– At least in my area
• Aeris launch (07)
• Anyone compared side by side?
• Bright idea for a demo.
Objective
• Temik- not very user friendly.
• Seed treatments – EASY!
• Telone- $$, hard to get & apply.
To compare systems that a
farmer can/will plant.
Treatments
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Cruiser/Dynasty Telone II 3 gal
Aeris with Trilex
Avicta Complete Pack
Temik 5 lb/ac Dynasty
Cruiser/Dynasty
How did we do it?
• 32 rows of each treatment (RR)
• Seed treated at Lonoke (except Aeris)
• Planted April 23
Results
Stand Count
Treatment
Plants/10 row ft Plants/10 row ft
5-7-07
5-21-07
Telone 3 gal
Aeris
25 a
26 a
24 a
30 a
Avicta
26 a
22 a
Temik
28 a
23 a
Cruiser
23 a
19 a
LSD
7.9
10.3
Means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (P=0.5, LSD)
Results
Thrips per 10 Plants
May 15, 2007
35
a
Thrips per 10 plants
30
Adult
Larvae
25
20
15
10
b
b
b
b
b
5
0
a
a
a
Telone
Aeris
Avicta
a
Temik
Cruiser
Threshhold= 2 to 5 thrips present plus visible damage
Means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (P=0.5, LSD)
Results
Thrips per 10 Plants
May 21, 2007
40
ab
number per 10 plants
35
Adult
Larvae
30
25
ab
20
ab
15
10
b
b
5
a
0
Telone
Aeris
Avicta
Temik
Cruiser
Means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (P=0.5, LSD)
Results
Thrips Injury Rating
Thrips injury ratings scale 1-5 where 1=no injury and 5=severe injury.
4.5
4
15-May
21-May
3.5
a
ac
3
bc
2.5
2
1.5
b
c
c
1
c
b
b
Aeris
Avicta
0.5
b
0
Telone
Temik
Cruiser
Means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (P=0.5, LSD)
Results
Nematode Gall Rating
Scale of 0-5 where 0=no galling and 5=100% of root system galled.
3.5
3
Gall Rating
LSD=1.0
a
2.5
a
a
ab
2
1.5
1
bc
0.5
0
Telone
Aeris
Avicta
Temik
Cruiser
Means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (P=0.5, LSD)
Results
Lint Yield
1250
lbs per acre
1200
Lint Yield
ab
1150
bc
bc
c
1100
c
1050
Telone
Aeris
Avicta
Temik
Cruiser
Means followed by the same letter do not significantly differ (P=0.5, LSD)
Conclusions
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No difference in stand counts
Temik not effective on thrips (weather)
Seed treatments similar thrips control
Telone, Avicta shows least thrips injury
Telone, Avicta reduced galling
Conclusions
• Telone yield highest
• Aeris(1152 lb lint) and Avicta(1172 lb
lint) were not different
• Increased galling and thrips injury
reduced Temik yield (1123 lb lint)
Thank You
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Dr. Don Johnson (Consultant)
Mr. James Phillips (Farmer)
Dr. Scott Monfort
Dr. Terry Kirkpatrick
Dr. Gus Lorenz
Bayer
Syngenta