Transcript List #4 - UVM.edu

Cornus alternifolia
“pagoda dogwood”
SIZE: Small tree
HABIT: Horizontal branching; pyramidal
FOL: Dark green in summer; reddishpurple in fall (not showy)
BARK: Variable, first and second year stems are often
brown to purple in color. Older bark is gray brown
FL. & FR.: Yellowish-white in June in 2” flattopped cymes (fragrant!); Fruit = black drupe
in summer (not showy)
CULTURE: Transplant when young;
requires a moist, cool, acidic soil and partial
shade (fastidious)
PESTS: Leaf spot, twig blight and canker!!
USE: Naturalizing; gives horizontal lines
MISC.: Best left in and along woods...
Cornus florida
“flowering dogwood”
SIZE: Small to medium tree
HABIT: Low-branched with
horizontal lines, flat-topped
crown at maturity
FOL: Dark green in summer; red-purple in fall
BARK: Reminiscent of an alligator’s back. Broken
into small square and rectangular blocks.
FL. & FR.: Flowers not showy, clustered in an
umbel; bracts are emarginate and white, 3-4”
across in May; Fruit = glossy red 1/3” ovoid drupe,
clustered, persist
CULTURE: Difficult to transplant (B & B
best); requires soil amended with organic
matter; roots must remain cool and moist;
partial shade best; does NOT tolerate
pollution or full sun!
PESTS: MANY! anthracnose (Discula),
powdery mildew
USE: Specimen; accent, naturalizing,
attracts wildlife
MISC.: A 4-season plant! Marginally hardy
Cornus florida var. rubra
Cornus florida ‘Golden Nugget’
Cornus florida ‘Welchii’
Cornus kousa
“kousa dogwood”
SIZE: Small to medium tree
HABIT: Vase-shaped when young;
rounded with horizontal branching
when mature
FOL: Dark green in summer; red-purple
in fall (sometimes scarlet)
BARK: Exfoliating with age to form a mix
of gray, tan, and rich brown
FL. & FR.: Flowers not showy; bracts 4” across,
white, pointed in June; Fruit = drupe clustered into a
globose syncarp on a 2” pendulous stalk
CULTURE: Difficult to transplant (B & B
best); requires moist, acidic, well-drained
soils; full sun is best
PESTS: None serious, some leaf spot
USE: Foundation; specimen
MISC.: Exfoliating bark; beautiful 4-season
plant; more cold-hardy than C. florida;
fruit is edible and sweet but mealy
Cornus kousa ‘Beni Fugi’
Cornus kousa ‘Snowboy’
Cornus kousa ‘Limon Ripple’
Cornus kousa ‘Gold Star’
Cornus mas
“corneliancherry dogwood”
SIZE: Medium shrub or small tree
HABIT: Typically multistemmed and ovalrounded; branches to the ground
FOL: Glossy dark green in summer; redpurple in fall possible but not likely
BARK: Scaly and flaky, often gray-brown in color
FL. & FR.: Yellow 3/4” umbels in MarchApril before leaves (showy); Fruit = 1/2”
oblong red drupe in July (hidden by foliage)
CULTURE: Transplant when young (B & B);
soil and pH adaptable; sun to partial shade
PESTS: None serious
USE: Shrub border, hedge, screen, foundation
plant
MISC.: Fruit is edible and is made into
preserves or syrup
Cornus mas ‘Aurea’
Hippophae rhamnoides
“seabuckthorn”
SIZE: Medium to large shrub
HABIT: spreading and irregularly
mounded/arching
FOL: Silver-green in spring, summer and
fall. Drop off without any change
STEM: Stellately pubescent with silvery or
brownish scales
FL. & FR.: Dioecious. Flowers not showy.
Female plant has EXCELLENT 1/3” axillary,
globose, orange fruits that persist into winter.
CULTURE: Difficult to establish. Prefers
infertile, sandy soils. Full sun. Tolerates salt
spray
PESTS: None serious
USE: Outstanding plant for winter fruit
effect. Good for coastal areas and poor sites.
MISC.: Fixes nitrogen. Difficult to propagate.
Caragana arborescens
“Siberian peashrub”
SIZE: Medium shrub
HABIT: Upright, yet mounding
FOL: Light, bright green in summer;
yellow-green in fall (not showy)
STEM: Young stems are green in color with pale
lenticels. Mature stems become more brownish
FL. & FR.: Bright yellow 1” long, often
clustered, axillary, in May as leaves open;
Fruit = 2” long brown pod in August
CULTURE: Easy; tolerates poor, dry, basic
soils; tolerates drought and salt; tolerates
wind and cold
PESTS: None serious
USE: Hedge, screen
MISC.: Fixes nitrogen; ‘Pendula’= a grafted
weeping form
Caragana arborescens ‘Pendula’
Cercis canadensis
“Eastern redbud”
SIZE: Small tree
HABIT: Rounded crown
at maturity
FOL: New leaves are reddish-purple in spring;
dark green in summer; usually a poor yellow in fall
BARK: Mature bark is brownish with
patches of orange inner bark
FL. & FR.: 1/2” pink-red in clusters in
April on old wood before leaves; Fruit = 23” brown pod (persistent)
CULTURE: Tolerates most soils except wet
sites; pH adaptable; full sun to partial
shade; marginally hardy here
PESTS: Canker
USE: Specimen; naturalizing
MISC.: Only select plants grown in cold areas
or seed collected from these areas. ‘Forest
Pansy’ is a purple-leaf cultivar but not hardy
here
Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’
Cercis canadensis ‘Silver Cloud’
Magnolia x soulangiana
“saucer magnolia”
SIZE: Small tree or large shrub
HABIT: Pyramidal to upright elliptic at
maturity
FOL: Medium green in summer; fall color
is a poor yellow-brown
FL. & FR.: Campanulate, upright, 5 - 10” in diameter,
white to pink - purple, 9 tepals, before leaves in April;
Fruit = aggregate of follicles (not showy)
CULTURE: Fleshy roots therefore transplant
B & B; require moist, organic sl. acidic
soils; full sun; protect from direct southern
light exposure; protect from wind
PESTS: Mildew, leaf spots
USE: Specimen, accent
MISC.: Freeze/frost often damages flowers.
Many cultivars...
Magnolia stellata
“star magnolia”
SIZE: Medium to large shrub
HABIT: Dense oval to rounded
FOL: Dark green in summer; yellowbronze in fall (not showy)
BARK: Smooth and gray, similar to other magnolias
FL. & FR.: 4” diameter, 12-18 white straplike tepals, before leaves in April; Fruit =
aggregate of follicles (not showy)
CULTURE: Fleshy roots therefore transplant
B & B; require moist, organic sl. acidic
soils; full sun; protect from direct southern
light exposure; protect from wind; tolerates
city dirt
PESTS: None serious
USE: Specimen, accent
MISC.: Many cultivars available...
Chionanthus virginicus
“white fringetree”
SIZE: Large shrub or small tree
HABIT: Open and irregular (scraggly)
FOL: Medium olive-green in summer;
yellow-green in fall (variable)
BARK: Gray, smooth on young branches,
becoming slightly ridged with age
FL. & FR.: Dioecious; 1” long & 1/16” wide, white,
strap-like petals, clustered in hanging panicles, with the
leaves in May; Fruit = 1/2” bluish drupe (on female)
CULTURE: B & B in spring best; requires
deep, moist, organic, acidic soils; full sun;
somewhat difficult to transplant
PESTS: None serious
USE: Specimen, accent, groups, naturalizing
MISC.: Male plants are showier than female
Chionanthus retusus
Ligustrum vulgare
“common privet”
SIZE: Medium shrub
HABIT: Rounded
FOL: DARK green in summer; no fall
color (turns a lighter green)
BARK: Smooth, gray to gray-brown in color
FL. & FR.: Terminal, 1-3” panicles of white,
pungent flowers, in June; Fruit = shiny black
drupe in September and persists through winter
CULTURE: Transplants easily; soil and pH
adaptable; full sun to partial shade;
tolerates city dirt; tolerates dry soils but will
NOT tolerate wet sites; tolerates severe
pruning
PESTS: Anthracnose twig blight (canker)
USE: Hedges (flowers often pruned off)
MISC.: Overused! Many cultivars (including
variegated); less cold-hardy than L.
amurense
Syringa reticulata
“Japanese tree lilac”
SIZE: Small tree or large shrub
HABIT: Oval to rounded crown
FOL: Dark green in summer; poor yellow
fall color (not showy)
BARK: Cherry-like with a reddish brown
color and prominent lenticels
FL. & FR.: Terminal, 6-12” creamy-white,
fragrant panicles, in June; Fruit = warty,
dehiscent, valvate capsules (not showy)
CULTURE: Prefers moist, organic, sl. acidic
soils; full sun; prune off spent flower
panicles
PESTS: None serious
USE: Specimen; street tree; mass;
foundation
MISC.: Flowers in alternate years. ‘Ivory
Silk’ is a single-trunked tree form.
Syringa vulgaris
“common lilac”
SIZE: Medium shrub
HABIT: Upright, irregular, leggy when
mature
FOL: Dark green in summer; no fall color
BARK: Grayish-brown in color, becoming
slightly shaggy with age
FL. & FR.: Lilac (and many variations),
extremely fragrant in May in 4-8” pairs of
panicles from “terminal” buds; Fruit =
smooth, dehiscent, valvate capsules
CULTURE: Prefers organic soils with a
neutral pH; prune off spent inflorescence
PESTS: Powdery mildew
USE: Mass, accent, foundation, cut-flower;
nostalgia
MISC.: Traditional plant. MANY
cultivars!!
Syringa vulgaris ‘Primrose’
Syringa vulgaris ‘Sensation’
Rhamnus cathartica
“common buckthorn”
SIZE: Large shrub or small tree
HABIT: Upright, rounded crown
FOL: Glossy dark green in summer;
yellowish-green in fall (not showy)
BARK: Brownish-black in color.
FL. & FR.: Dioecious; yellowish 1” umbels
in May (not showy); Fruit = 1/4” black
drupe in fall (not showy)
CULTURE: Easily transplanted; tolerates
tough condtions such as urban
environments;
PESTS: Alternate host for oat rust (Puccinia
coronata)
USE: Screen or hedge; will grow where other
plants will not! Attracts wildlife
MISC.: Weedy! Birds love the fruit!
Rhamnus frangula
“glossy buckthorn”
SIZE: Large shrub, sometimes a small tree
HABIT: Upright, open crown; gangly
FOL: Glossy dark green; poor yellowgreen fall color
FL. & FR.: Not showy; Fruit = 1/4” red-black
drupe in August (not showy from a distance)
CULTURE: Transplants easily; full sun or
partial shade; tolerates most conditions
PESTS: Few; stem canker may be a problem
USE: Hedge; attracts wildlife
MISC.: ‘Asplenifolia’ = fine textured foliage;
‘Columnaris’ = narrow, upright form with
wavy branches (used in the midwest). Also
weedy!
Rhamnus frangula ‘Asplenifolia’
Rhamnus frangula ‘Columnaris’
Rhamnus frangula ‘Ron Williams’