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CABINET MINISTRY OF UKRAINE
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES OF
UKRAINE
Agroecological monitoring of BARLEY
STRIPE MOSAIC VIRUS in agricultural
cenoses of enterprise “Velykosnitinske
agronomic educational-research station
of O. V. Muzichenko”
Author:
Olexandr Ladichuk
Supervisors:
Prof. Dr. Agricultural Sci. V.М. Chaika
PhD. in Agriculture,
Associate Prof.
І.О. Antipov
Aim and goals of master’s thesis
1.
2.
Inspection of wheat planting to reveal affection by barley stripe mosaic
virus.
Diagnostics, identification and relevation of pathways of virus
distribution in agrarian cenoses.
To achieve the aim following goals were determined:
1.
2.
3.
4.
To inspect winter-crops of wheat in agricultural cenoses of
enterprise “Velykosnitinske agronomic educational-research station
of O. V. Muzichenko” to reveal viral infection;
To analyze quantitative dynamics of viral symptoms on inspected
site using modern methods of virology;
To investigate relationship between agents of viral deceases and
their possible hosts e. g. annual, biannual and perennial weeds,
pests-vectors and soil;
To create recommendation on prevention of crop loss
The main viruses affecting winter-crop wheat
Virus
International
nomenclature
Group
(genera)
Nucleic acid
Virus of russian
WWMV
mosaic of winter-crop
wheat
Rhabdoviridae Ол РНК(-)
Virus of mosaic of
winter-crop wheat
WWMW
Tenuivirus
Ол РНК(-)
Virus of yellow
dwarfness of barley
BYDV
Luteovirus
Ол РНК (+)
Virus of stripe mosaic
of barley
BSMV
Hordevirus
Ол РНК (+)
Virus of stripe mosaic
of wheat
WSMV
Tritimovirus
Ол РНК(+)
Experimental sites are situated at
the territory of NULE’s enterprise
“Velykosnitinske agronomic
educational-research station of O.
V. Muzichenko”
Breed of winter-crop
wheat Myronivska - 65
Breed of winter-crop
wheat Elegy
myronivska
The lab of phytovirology and
biotechnology of National
University of Life and
Environmental Sciences of
Ukraine
Visual diagnostics of winter-crop wheat on
investigated sites
BSMV on winter-crop
wheat
breed Myronivska-65
BSMV on wintercrop wheat
breed Elegy
Myronivska
Symptoms, revealed on plants of winter-crop wheat,
breed Myronivska-65
№
Symptom
Amount
%from general amount
1
Yellow-green stripes
12
7,2
2
Mosaic on leaves
15
9
3
Yellow tops
10
6,2
4
Dots on plants
6
3,6
5
Plants without
symptoms
123
74
6
Inspected plants, total
166
100
Symptoms, revealed on plants of winter-crop wheat,
Breed Elegy Myronivska
Symptom
Amount
%from general
amount
1
Stripe necrosis
9
4,5
2
Light-green stripes
10
5
3
Yellow spots
5
2,5
4
Lightening of veins
17
8,5
5
Dots on leaves
8
4,3
6
Rugosity
9
4,5
7
Plants without symptoms
140
70,7
8
Inspected plants, total
198
100
№
Account of insects — viral
vectors
Results of electronic microscopical study of wintercrop wheat
Virions of BSMV (breed of winter-crop
wheat Myronivska-65). Bar 100 nm
Diagnostic investigations, method of IEA
№
sample
of
Indexes of optical density, wave length 405 nm
Repetitions
Mean
1
2
3
1
0,410
0,415
0,426
0,417
2
0,417
0,422
0,435
0,426
3
0,411
0,400
0,415
0,408
4
0,408
0,410
0,422
0,413
5
0,418
0,401
0,413
0,410
6
0,419
0,396
0,405
0,406
7
0,432
0,389
0,422
0,414
8
1,652
1,599
1,634
1,622
9
0,465
0,435
0,422
0,440
10
0,418
0,393
0,457
0,422
ПК
1,963
1,921
1,944
1,942
НК
0,403
0,411
0,415
0,409
Diagnostic investigations, method of IEA
№
sample
of
Indexes of optical density, wave length 405 nm
Repetitions
Mean
1
2
3
1
0,410
0,415
0,426
0,417
2
0,417
0,422
0,435
0,426
3
0,411
0,400
0,415
0,408
4
0,408
0,410
0,422
0,413
5
0,418
0,401
0,413
0,410
6
0,419
0,396
0,405
0,406
7
0,432
0,389
0,422
0,414
8
1,652
1,599
1,634
1,622
9
0,465
0,435
0,422
0,440
10
0,418
0,393
0,457
0,422
ПК
1,963
1,921
1,944
1,942
НК
0,403
0,411
0,415
0,409
Economical recommendations
Для запобігання розповсюдження вірусів пшениці озимої та
враховуючи фон вірусного навантаження на досліджуваних
ділянках рекомендується:
- використовувати для посадки сорти пшениці озимої, що мають
резистентність до ураження ВШМЯ;
- впроваджувати у виробництво насіннєвий матеріал пшениці
озимої, оздоровлений біотехнологічними методами;
- проводити комплексну діагностику насіннєвого матеріалу на
вірусоносійство з використанням діагностичних тест-систем на
основі ІФА та електронної мікроскопії;
- проводити комплекс заходів спрямованих на знищення
наявних бур’янів – резерваторів вірусних хвороб пшениці
Economical recommendations
To prevent distribution of winter-crop wheat viruses, considering
background of viral press on investigated site, we recommend:
-using seeds of winter-crop wheat breeds, which are resistant to
BSMV affection;
- to introduce seed material of winter-crop wheat, sanated by
biotechnological methods;
- to provide complex diagnostics of seed material in direction of
virus-bearing, using test-systems, based on IEA and electronic
microscopy;
- to provide complex of measures, directed to weed of host weeds
of viral deceases of winter-crop wheat;
- to provide complex of measures, minimizing impact of insectsvectors of viral diseases of winter-crop wheat.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Visual diagnostics of winter-crop wheat, breeds
Myronivska-65 and Elegy Myronivska has been performed,
to reveal affection by the most common viruses of wintercrop wheat. As a result of inspection typical symptoms of
BSMV were noticed.
2. Host plants of viral infections were registered on
investigated sites: wheat grass (Elytrigia repens L ),
bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), orache (Сhenopodium
album L), sow-thistle (Cirsium arvense L), stagger
bush (Acroptilon repens L).
3. Level of reservoir weed presence was shown for wintercrop wheat breed Myronivska - 65-50 spec/m2. The level
of weed presence gor breed Elegy Myronivska 48 spec/m2.
4. A special account of insects-vectors of viral infections has
been provided . 5 experimental plots were chosen
randomly, mean of insects presence was calculated. At
sites of plantation of breed Myronivska-65 the value was
21 insect spec./100 plant spec., at sites of plantation of
breed Elegy Myronivska, the value was 23 insect spec./100
plant spec..
5. Diagnostics of winer-crop wheat viruses has been provided
using method of electronic microscopy. Virions of BSMV
130*30 nm were found in samples of winter-crop wheat
Myronivska-65.
6. IEA method revealed presence of BSMV in field samples of
winter-crop wheat Myronivska-6 (1,622). Index of optical
density on wave length 405 nm was 1,942.
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