Transcript Land Adaptations

Plant
Evolution
Plant Evolution
• Evolved from green
algae (450 mya)
• Multicellular
• Autotrophs
• Land Adaptations
– 1) Retain
Moisture
– 2) Transport
nutrients
– 3) Growing
upright
– 4) Reproducing
on land
Land Adaptations
cuticle
• Problem: Retain Moisture
• Solution: Cuticle
– waxy coating prevents water loss
Land Adaptations
glucose
water
• Problem: Transporting Resources
• Solution: Vascular system
– tubes to transport nutrients
• Up from the roots; down from the leaves
– Allows taller growth
Land Adaptations
mortar
lignin
• Problem: Growing upright
• Solution: Lignin
– hardens cell wall
– gives wood strength
Land Adaptations
• Problem: Reproduction on land
• Solutions:
– Pollen: carried by wind/animals
– Seeds: hard coat protects embryo inside
Alternation of
Generations
X
X
X
X
X
• Plants alternate between
a diploid organism and a
haploid organism
• Sporophyte (diploid)
– Zygote created
– Zygote grows into
adult sporophyte
– Sporophyte makes
spores
• Gametophyte (Haploid)
– Spores grow into a
gametophyte
– Male gametophyte
creates sperm
– Female gametophyte
creates egg
• Sporophyte restarts when
egg and sperm make
zygote
Kobe Kuiz
1) What traits do plants and plant-like protista share?
2) Name 4 adaptations that plants have for life on land.
3) Which plant adaptation allows them to carry nutrients to great
heights?
4) Which plant adaptation allows them to retain moisture?
5) What is the purpose of lignin?
6) What is the chromosome combination for the sporophyte stage?
7) What is the chromosome combination for the gametophyte
stage?
8) What does the gametophyte stage create?
9) What does the sporophyte stage create?