Transcript Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Plantae
Parts of a Plant- What do you
remember from
kindergarten?
 Seed
 Roots
 Stem
 Leaves
 Flower
Seed Plants
 Characteristics




Reproduction free from water
Cones/Flowers
Pollen
Seeds
Reproduction w/o Water
 Fertilization of gametes does not require
water
 Allows seed plants to live almost
anywhere
 Adaptations that allow repro w/o water
include flowers or cones, pollination, and
protection of embryos in seeds
Cones/Flowers
 Gametophytes grow and mature in
sporophytes
 Cones – gymnosperms
 Flowers – angiosperms
Pollen
 Pollen grain – entire male gametophyte
 Sperm produced by pollen grain
 Carried to female reproductive structure by
wind, water, insects, or small animals
 Transfer of pollen from male reproductive
structure to female reproductive structure
is called pollination
Seeds
 Contain embryo of plant
 Have nutrients for the diploid embryo
 Have different adaptations for seed
dispersal
 Some remain dormant waiting for ideal
growing environments
Angiosperms
 Group of flowering plants
 Monocots
 Dicots
Monocot vs. Dicot
Monocot
Dicot
Cotyledons
(seed leaves)
Leaf Veins
Mono=1
Di=2
Parallel
Branched
Flower Parts
(#petals,
stamen,
carpels, etc)
Roots
Always in
multiples of 3
(ex. 3, 6, 9)
In multiples of
4s and 5s
fibrous
Tap root
Monocot or Dicot????
Monocot or Dicot?
Monocots Vs. Dicots
 Texas A&M- Botany
Flowers
1= petal
2= filament
3= anther
(2+3=STAMEN) MALE
4= stigma
5=style
6=ovary
(4+5+6=CARPEL)
FEMALE
7=ovule
Flower attaches to the
stem
Functions of parts
 Stamen- (anther + filament) These are the
flower’s male parts. They have the pollen on
them.
 Carpels-(stigma, style, ovary) female parts.
Pollen travel down the style to the ovary where
it fertilizes an egg to make a seed.
 Petals-Attract pollinators like bees and some
birds
Functions of Plant Parts
 Seed – this is what a new plant grows from in
the presence of water. Growth stops=
DORMANCY
 Roots – take in water from the soil
 Stem – transport of water from roots to leaves
and flower
 Leaves – PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 Flower – Reproduction
 Ovary – develops into fruit in angiosperms
Structure of a leaf
STOMATA!!!!!
Structure of a leaf:
STOMATA
Functions
 Leaves – photosynthesis, transpiration,
and gas exchange
 Stomata – structure that allows gas
exchange and transpiration
Choroplast
Characteristic of Kingdom
Plantae





All multicellular
Eukaryotic cells
Cell walls of cellulose
Carry out photosynthesis
Develop from multicellular embryos
Turgor Pressure
 Results from osmotic pressure
 Main pressure of cell contents against
cell wall
 Determined by water content of vacuoles
Bryophytes
 Need water for reproduction
 Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts
 Lack vascular tissue to conduct water
and nutrients
Seedless Vascular Plants
 Ferns, club mosses, horsetails
 Need at least a thin layer of water for
reproduction