Transcript EOI Practice Questions 2010

EOI Practice Questions
2010
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A mushroom and a humpback whale are alike
because both are —
1.motile
2.prokaryotic
3.unicellular
4.heterotrophic
134
Which level of this food pyramid represents the largest
biomass?
1.Bass
2.Algae
3.Minnows
4.Copepods
135
Two plant species found in a dry region of the western United
States exhibit vastly different abilities to survive. Species A has
very slow stem growth and few leaves but is very abundant.
Species B has rapid stem growth and many leaves but is very
rare. Which hypothesis is most likely supported by this
information?
1.Flower size and color may give species B an advantage over
species A.
2.Reduced root growth may give species A an advantage over
species B.
3.Leaf shape may give species B an advantage over species
A.
4.Reduced stem growth may give species A an advantage
over species B.
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People long ago believed that maggots came from meat.
In the late 1600s, Francesco Redi made the hypothesis
that maggots came from flies rather than from meat.
Which of these experimental designs could be used to
test Redi’s hypothesis?
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Jan consistently read the volume of liquids as shown.
How would this practice impact her work?
1.Her measurements would lack precision.
2.Her measurements would be very accurate.
3.Her measurements would be too high.
4.Her measurements would be too low for less dense
liquids.
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Harvester ants often strip a bush of all of its leaves.
Some people believe this helps the plant grow thicker,
healthier stems. In an experiment, a student stripped off
all the leaves from a set of plants. In a second set of
identical plants, the student allowed ants to strip off the
plants’ leaves. In order to improve this experimental
design, it is most important to add a set of plants —
1.of a different species
2.with its leaves left intact
3.exposed to a different ant species
4.that are dormant
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A biology class of 24 students decides to measure the height of
each student and then calculate the average height for the class.
Which of these is a possible source of error in this activity?
1.The number of males and females in the class
2.The difference in the ages of the students in the class
3.The total number of students in the class
4.The accuracy of making and recording measurements
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A student wanted to look at plant growth in five different
soil samples. He planted the same type of seeds in
identical containers and left them together in full
sunlight. He gave each plant the same amount of water
and charted the growth of each plant stem. What is the
independent variable in this experiment?
1.Seeds
2.Soil
3.Light
4.Container
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The most valid and reliable test of this hypothesis would
include an experimental group of pine seeds that was
recovered from a fire area and pine seeds that were —
1.found before a fire
2.tolerant of fire
3.germinated after a fire
4.placed in a fire
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A biology class wanted to develop a research project to
predict the effects of a new highway on wildflower
species found in the Piedmont region of Virginia. The
class could best conduct such a study by sampling
flowers found in the highway construction area —
1.during the time highway construction is taking place
2.both before and after highway construction is
completed
3.immediately after highway construction is finished
4.one year before highway construction begins
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The data show the growth of two bean plants over
several weeks using four different fertilizers. The
experimental data would be more valid if which of the
following variables was included in the experiment?
1.Only one plant was tested.
2.The plants were grown at variable temperatures.
3.A fifth fertilizer was tested.
4.A control without fertilizer was included for each
plant.
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In the lab setup pictured below, a student is trying to
determine the effect of pollutants on the growth of three
groups of seeds. The results will not be valid because
the experiment has no —
1.variable
2.hypothesis
3.control
4.conclusion
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Which sentence best states the importance of using
control groups?
1.Control groups provide a method by which
statistical variability can be reduced.
2.Control groups allow comparison between
subjects receiving a treatment and those receiving
no treatment.
3.Control groups eliminate the need for statistical
tests and simplify calculations.
4.Control groups eliminate the need for large
sample sizes, reducing the number of
measurements needed.
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According to the graph, the highest metabolic rate is
found in —
1.reptiles
2.amphibians
3.mammals
4.birds
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An experiment is designed to clear an oak-hickory forest
and replant the area with pines. Which of the following
species would be most threatened by this experiment?
1.Cardinal
2.Hooded warbler
3.Field sparrow
4.Summer tanager
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A study on a poultry farm was conducted to determine
the percentage of vitamin supplement necessary to add
to the feed of turkeys in order to maximize their growth.
According to this data, what percentage of vitamin
supplement should be added to the turkeys’ diet?
1.6%
2.8%
3.10%
4.14%
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Which hypothesis is best supported by this graph?
1.The population of cardinal predators increased.
2.Dominant cardinal chicks were the first to be fed.
3.A disease of cardinals spread throughout the park.
4.The cardinals’ food supply increased.
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According to the graph, how many mice will be
born in week 5 if the trend continues?
1.90
2.100
3.140
4.160
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This graph shows the sizes of lynx and hare populations
between the years of 1845 and 1940. If a predator of the lynx
enters the food chain, you might expect the number of —
1.lynx and hares to become equal
2.lynx to increase
3.hares to increase
4.hares and lynx to decrease
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The hypothesis best supported by this graph is that these
beetles are most active when the area is —
1.richest in oxygen supplies
2.coolest with some sunlight
3.wettest from dew
4.free from predators
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This graph suggests that from 1840 to 1920, the carrying
capacity for sheep in Tasmania was approximately —
1.0.75 million
2.1.00 million
3.1.75 million
4.2.25 million
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In the graph below, what is the population of deer at the
carrying capacity of the environment?
1.30
2.10
3.50
4.70
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According to the table, which graph below illustrates the
calories used for 1 hour of jogging followed by 2 hours of
walking?
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.D
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The eukaryotic organism described above should be
classified as —
1.an animal
2.a plant
3.a bacterium
4.a fungus
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According to this chart, the insects that are most
closely related are the —
1.springtails and bristletails
2.springtails and proturans
3.bristletails and mayflies
4.dragonflies and proturans
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1.
Ned finished an experiment and still had some
unused chemical solution. Which of these is the
best thing for Ned to do with the extra solution?
A Pour it down the sink
B Pour it back into its original container
C Dispose of it as directed by his teacher.
D Put it in a beaker and place it under a fume hood.
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2.
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In many classrooms, lab exercises are performed by
small groups of students. The students are
supervised by a teacher who monitors each group’s
progress periodically.
When should you notify your instructor of unsafe
conditions in the lab?
A
B
C
D
immediately
after the lab period
after your data has been collected
when the instructor comes by your station
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Use the information to answer questions 4-6.
A biology student wants to study how animal cells react when places in distilled
water and in a salt solution. The student used the following procedure:
1) Place a small sample of cells on a microscope slide and place a cover
slip over the sample. Add a few drops of distilled water under the cover
slip.
2) Observe the cells in the distilled water solution under a microscope.
3) Place a small sample of cells on a microscope slide and place a cover
slip over the sample. Add a few drops of 20% salt solution under the
cover slip.
4) Observe the cells in the salt solution under a microscope.
4.
What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
A the salt concentration
B the number of cells in the sample
C the type of animal that the cells come from
D the movement of water across the cell membrane
D salts are moving out of the cells into the surrounding solution
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5.
Which of these will most likely happen to the cells when they
are placed in distilled water?
A the cells will shrink and shrivel up
B the cells will enlarge until they burst
C the cell membrane will thicken
D the cells will remain unchanged
6.
The student observed that the cells in the 20% salt solution
changed in size. Which of these best explains what is
causing this change?
A water from the solution is moving into the cells
B water is moving out of the cells into the surrounding solution
C salts from the solution are moving into the cells
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7.
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8.
Which method should a scientist use to view the site
of photosynthesis in a plant cell?
A
B
C
D
use a magnifying glass to view the chloroplasts
use a magnifying glass to view the mitochondria
use a microscope to view the chloroplasts
use a microscope to view the mitochondria
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9.
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10.
Which measurement units best describe the
size relationship of cells to organs?
A
B
C
D
centimeters to meters
meters to millimeters
millimeters to micrometers
micrometers to centimeters
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15.
Robert is conducting breeding experiments with
mice. He crossed two brown mice and found that
25% of their offspring were white.
Which conclusion from this experiment is most
logical?
A White color is dominant over brown color
B One of the parent mice is homozygous for the
dominant allele
C All of the offspring carry two copies of the recessive
allele
D The white offspring are homozygous for the
recessive allele
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17.
In a certain group of lab mice black fur is dominant
and brown fur is recessive. If two heterozygous
mice mate and produce 16 offspring, how many of
the offspring will probably have brown fur?
A
B
C
D
0
4
8
12
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25.
A biologist is studying a species of crab. He hypothesized that if a
crab has large pincer claws, then it will have greater reproductive
success. He placed 50 crabs with small pincers and 50 crabs with
large pincers together in an isolated area that closely resembled
their natural environment. He observed several generations of the
crabs over the next ten years.
If his hypothesis is correct, which result would be most likely
observe?
A the percent of crabs with large pincers would increase
B the percent of crabs with small pincers would increase
C the DNA in crabs with small pincers would mutate in order to
produce larger pincers
D crabs born with small pincers would develop larger pincers and pass
this trait to their offspring
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27.
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28.
Scientists are conducting an experiment to see how antibiotic
resistance develops in bacterial populations. They
hypothesized that bacteria exposed to an antibiotic once
every 24 hours would develop resistance faster than bacteria
exposed to the antibiotic once every 12 hours. The scientists
treat 50 dishes of bacteria with the antibiotic once every 24
hours, and 50 dishes of bacteria with the antibiotic once
every 12 hours.
What would be the best control group for this experiment?
A
B
C
D
50 dishes of bacteria that are never treated
50 dishes of bacteria that are treated every 6 hours
50 dishes of bacteria that are treated every 48 hours
50 dishes that do not contain bacteria and are never treated
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29.
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30.
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31.
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32.
Steve studied the factors that affect the decomposition of
vegetable matter by soil microbes. He put four pieces of carrot of
equal weight into each of three plastic bags filled with soil. He
added different amounts of water to each bag and kept them all at
room temperature. Every two days, Steve removed the carrot
pieces from each bag to weigh them.
Which hypothesis was Steve most likely testing in his experiment?
A if the temperature is reduced, then there is increased decomposer
activity
B if the soil type is changed, then the rate of decomposition will
decrease
C if the moisture content of the soil is increased, then there is
increased decomposer activity
D if the weight of the decomposing matter is increased, then the rate of
decomposition will decrease
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41.
A rabbit population in a grassland ecosystem is kept well
below carrying capacity by its primary predator, the coyote.
A disease causes a decrease in the coyote population. A
biologist will study how the disease affects the coyotes and
rabbits. He hypothesizes that if the coyote population
continues to decrease, then the rabbit population will exceed
carrying capacity.
Which of these is a dependent variable in this study?
A
B
C
D
the carrying capacity
the rabbit population
the introduction of the disease
the introduction of a new predator
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42.
A biologist was studying a deer herd living in a 100 square
kilometer wildlife area. He determined that the current
population of 3000 deer is half the carrying capacity of the
wildlife area.
What would the deer population density be if the population
were at carrying capacity?
A
B
C
D
15 deer per square kilometer
60 deer per square kilometer
1500 deer
6000 deer
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43.
200
44.
A scientist wants to measure how much gas is
released by a plant to estimate how fast it is
photosynthesizing.
Which measurement should the scientist take?
A
B
C
D
meters of carbon dioxide
milliliters of oxygen
grams of carbon dioxide
centimeters of oxygen
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45.
A scientist wanted to determine the best level of light
intensity for photosynthesis in an aquatic plant. He varied
the light intensity and measured the amount of a gas
produced by the plant at each level of light intensity.
Which is the dependent variable in this experiment?
A
B
C
D
the type of light
the light intensity
the amount of oxygen produced
the amount of carbon dioxide produced
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46.
Jody placed four equal-sized tomato plants in separate
containers. She gave each plant the same amount of light
and nutrients, different amounts of water, and frequently
measured the amount of oxygen produced by each plant.
Which is the hypothesis Jody was most likely studying in this
experiment?
A if the amount of light is increased, then the rate of
photosynthesis will increase
B if the amount of nutrients is increased, then the rate of cellular
respiration will increase
C if the amount of water is increased, then the rate of
photosynthesis will increase
D if the amount of water is increased, then the rate of cellular
respiration will increase
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47.
A scientist wants to investigate the effect of light intensity on
the rate of photosynthesis in a plant species. In an
experiment, he will expose these plants to different light
intensities and measure the amount of gas produced with a
special sensor.
Which method should be used to collect data in his
experiment?
A measure the amount of oxygen produced by the plants at
regular time intervals using a stopwatch
B measure the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the plants
at regular time intervals using a stopwatch
C monitor the light intensity with a pipette and measure the
amount of oxygen consumed by the plants
D monitor the light intensity with a pipette and measure the
amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the plants
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49.
Molly grew four bean plants in pots with the same soil and
provided each with an equal amount of light. She gave each
plant different amounts of the reactants involved in
photosynthesis. She then measured the amount of gas
produced by each plant and their increase in height over a
few weeks.
An independent variable in Molly’s experiment is the amount
of
A
B
C
D
water given to each plant
height gained by each plant
oxygen produced by each plant
carbon dioxide produced by each plant
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50.
Tyler is growing plants in a closed terrarium to study the
carbon cycle. He hypothesizes that if plants are grown in a
closed environment, then the total amount of carbon in the
terrarium will remain constant. He measures the amounts of
different gases in the terrarium when he adds the plants, and
will measure again after one month of allowing the plants to
grow.
Which result would best support his hypothesis?
A the amount of oxygen decreased as the plants grow
B the amount of carbon dioxide increased as the plants grow
C the amount of carbon dioxide decreased as the plants grow
D the amount of oxygen became less than the amount of carbon
dioxide as the plants grow
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56.
Anita is studying the factors that affect seed growth. She
wants to test whether soaking seeds in water affects the
sprouting process.
Which should Anita measure to get the most useful results?
A growth of 100 soaked seeds at a given temperature
B growth of 100 regular seeds at different temperatures
C growth of 50 soaked and 50 regular seeds at a given
temperature
D growth of 50 soaked and 50 regular seeds at different
temperatures
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61.
Specialized cells in certain male insects produce a scent. Bart
hypothesizes that if a male insect does not have a scent, then he
will not attract females. Bart extracts the scent molecules from
some male insects and then coats a model of the male insect with
the scent. Bart exposes fifty females to the treated model and fifty
females to a model of the male insect that was not coated with the
chemical.
Which result will provide support for this hypothesis?
A fewer females are attracted to the treated model than the untreated
model
B more females are attracted to the treated model than the untreated
model
C females are not attracted to either the treated model or the untreated
model
D females are equally attracted to both the treated and the untreated
models
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62.
Joshua is studying the mating behavior of hanging flies.
Female hanging flies typically require their male mates to
bring them a gift, such as a moth to eat. Joshua raised a
group of female and male hanging fly larvae in isolation from
adult hanging flies. When these larvae became adults, the
females also required a gift from their mates.
Which explanation is the best for this behavior?
A
B
C
D
the behavior is acquired randomly
the behavior is learned through imprinting
the behavior is learned through experience
the behavior is inherited through genes
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63.
Helper birds are young birds that delay reproduction and instead
help their parents raise more offspring. A researcher hypothesized
that if a bird is a helper, then it will have higher reproductive
success than non-helper birds. The researcher observed many
birds over the course of their lives. She found that helpers
produced less offspring than non-helpers, but that those offspring
were healthier and survived longer than offspring of non-helpers.
Based on these results, what should the researcher do with the
hypothesis?
A accept, because helper birds had less offspring
B reject, because non-helper birds had more offspring
C accept, because helper birds had less healthy, shorter-lived offspring
D reject, because non-helper birds had less healthy, shorter-lived
offspring
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64.
Male bowerbirds build and decorate bowers, which are
structures used for courtship and mating. Each species of
bowerbirds builds a unique type of bower. A researcher
raised a male bowerbird in isolation from all other birds.
During this time, he observed that the bird built bowers like
those of its own species.
What would most likely happen if a male bowerbird were
raised with bowerbirds of a different species?
A it would not build any bowers
B it would build bowers like those of its own species
C it would build bowers like those of the species with which it
was raised
D it would build bowers with features from both its own species
and the species with which it was raised
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