Transcript Ch 5 Seed Plants

Ch 9 Seed Plants
Pp. 274-300
Notes 9-1
• All seed plants share 2
characteristics.
• They have vascular tissue and use
seeds to reproduce.
• They all have body plans that include
leaves, stems, and roots.
• Water, food, and nutrients are transported
throughout the plant’s vascular tissue.
• Phloem- vascular tissue through which
food moves.
• When food is made in the leaves, it enters
the phloem and travels to the stems and
roots.
• Xylem-water and nutrients travel in this
vascular tissue from the soil.
• Seeds are structures that contain a
young plant inside a protective
covering.
• Seeds have 3 parts- embryo, stored
food, seed coat
• The young plant that develops from the
zygote, or fertilized egg, is called the
embryo and has the beginnings of roots,
stems and leaves
• in some plants food is stored inside 1 or
2 seed leaves, called cotyledon.
• The outer covering of a seed is called
the seed coat.
• Germination is the early growth stage
of the embryo.
• Germination begins when the seed
absorbs water from the environment
• Germination continues as the embryo uses
its stored food to begin to grow.
• Leaves capture the sun’s energy and carry
out the food-making process of
photosynthesis.
• The underside of the leaf has small openings
or pores, called stoma.
• These open and close to control
when gases enter and leave the leaf.
• The process by which water
evaporates from the stomata in a
plant’s leaves is called transpiration.
• The stem carries substances between
the plant’s roots and leaves.
• The stem also provides support for
the plant and holds up the leaves so
they are exposed to the sun.
• Inside the stem is a layer of cells
called the cambium.
• The cells of the cambium divide to
produce new phloem and xylem and
to increase the stem’s width.
• Roots anchor a plant in the ground and
absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
• The tip of the root is rounded and is covered
by a root cap.
• The root cap protects the root from injury
from rocks as the root grows through the
soil.
Vocabulary#1-9
• Transpiration, cambium, root cap,
Phloem, xylem, seed, embryo,
cotyledon, germination
Notes 9-2 Gymnosperms
• A __________ is a seed plant that
produces naked seeds, seeds that have
no protective covering.
• All gymnosperms produce “_____”
seeds.
• Many gymnosperms have ________ or
scalelike leaves and deep-growing
root systems.
• Gymnosperms are classified into __
groups-cycads, ginkgo, gametophytes,
conifers.
• Most reproduce with ______.
• Two types of cones: male and female
• male cones produce tiny grains of
_______ which contain microscopic
cells that later become sperm cells.
• Female cones contain at least 1 at the
base of each scale, it contains an
________ cell.
• After being fertilized, the ovule
develops into a ______.
• The cone closes and seals in pollen.
• To reproduce pollen falls from a
____ cone onto a ______ cone.
• In time a sperms cell and egg cell
joint together in an ovule on the
female cone.
• The transfer of pollen from a male to a
female cone or structure is called
__________.
• Conifers produce many useful
products like paper and the lumber to
build homes.
• The rayon fibers in clothes are also from
conifers.
• Conifers are grown in large forests.
• _______________ is one method to
obtain lumber, when all the trees in a
large area of forest are cut down.
• This practice can destroy animals’
homes and cause the soil to be
washed away by rains.
Vocabulary#10-14
• Gymnosperm, cones, pollen, ovule,
pollination
Notes 9-3 Angiosperms
• An __________ is a plant that
produces seeds that are enclosed in
a fruit.
• Seeds develop in a protective
structure called an _________.
• The ovary is located within an
angiosperm’s ________.
• 2 characteristics that all
angiosperms share: all produce
_______ and ______.
• Not all flowers appear the same.
• Some flowers do not have ________,
colorful structures that you see when
flowers open.
• The flower bud is enclosed by leaflike
structures called ______ that protect
the flower.
• Within the petals are the male and
female reproductive parts.
• Thin stalks topped by small knobs inside
the flower are _________, this is the
male part.
• The stalk is called the filament.
• The knob at the end of the filament is
the anther, this is where the pollen is
produced.
• The ______ is the female part, usually
found in the center of the flower.
• The sticky tip of the pistil is called the
stigma.
• A slender tube down the center of
the pistil is called the _______,
connecting the stigma to the ovary.
• The ovary contains 1 or more
ovules.
• In reproduction pollen falls on a
stigma, over time the sperm and egg
cell join together in the ovule.
• The _______ develops into the
_______ part of the seed.
• As the seed develops, the ovary
changes and eventually becomes a
_______, a ripened ovary.
• Angiosperms divide into __ groups:
_______ and _______
Monocots
•
•
•
•
•
__ seed leaf,cotyledon
________ veins
scattered bundles in veins
flower parts in ______
EX: grasses, corn, wheat,rice, lilies,
tulips
Dicots
•
•
•
•
•
__ seed leaves, cotyledons
________ veins
circle of veins
flower parts in _____ or _____
EX: roses, violets, dandelions
Vocabulary#15-23
• Angiosperm, ovary, flower, petal,
sepal, stamen, pistil, monocot, dicot
Notes 9-4 Plant Growth
• A plant’s growth response toward or
away from a stimulus is called a
______.
• ______, ______, and _____ are
important stimuli to which plants
respond.
• __________ produced by a plant are
chemicals that affect how the plant
grows and develops.
• Plant hormones control tropisms;
germination,_______ _________,
______, and ______, shedding of
_______, _______ of and ripening of
______.
• ________ is an important plant
hormone that speeds up the rate at
which a plant’s cells grow.
• Auxin controls a plant’s response to
_____ by making some cells grow faster
than others so the plant bends toward
the light.
• Flowering plants that flower and die
in the same year are called annuals.
• Ex: marigolds, petunias, pansies,
wheat, tomatoes, cucumbers.
• Flowering plants that live 2 years
are ___________.
• Ex: parsley, celery
• plants that live for more than 2
years are ________.
• Ex: oak trees and honeysuckle
Vocabulary #24-28
• Tropism, auxin, annual, biennial,
perennials
Good Luck on the quiz!
• Mr. Callahan is teaching ___ Grade Science
next year.