Transcript Animals

C.E.I.P. Manuel Laza Palacio
Carmen Posadas Gallardo
Manuel Álvarez Vigil
• There are so many different living
things in the word and scientists have
divided them into different
groups.Each group is made up of
living things which share the same
characteristics. For example, one
group are animals and plants are
another.
Animals are living things because they carry
out the three vital processes. Animals also eat
other living things, and most of them can
move around.
The Vital Processes of Animals
•
Animals carry out three vital
functions:
1. Process of nutrition: to get the
substances and the energy they need
to grow and develop.Not all animals
eat the same.
• 2)Process of
reproduction:Animals
use it to have
descendants. Not all
animals reproduce in
the same way.
• 3)Process of
interaction:Animals
use it to interact with
other living things.
Not all the animals
interact in the same
way.
Classifying Animals:
• All animals have some things in
common. They also have other things
that make them different from each
other. We use these differences to
classify animals into groups.
• Not all animals move around in the
same way: Birds fly, fish swim,
grasshoppers jump, snakes
crawl(slither) and deers run.
• Not all animals eat the same things.
Depending on what they eat they can
be Herbivores, Carnivores and
Omnivores.
• Rabbits and horses, for example, are
herbivores because they eat plants.
• A lynx, a lion or a shark are carnivores
because they eat other animals.
• A bear is an omnivore because it eats
plants and other animals too.
• Not all animals are born in the same
way. Some are born from an egg and
some are born alive.
A duck is born from an egg and a cat is
born alive: it is born from its mother’s
womb.
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
• Animals can be classified according if
they have or not a backbone.
• Animals that have got a backbone are
called Vertebrates like cats and dogs.
• Animals that have not got a backbone
are called Invertebrates like clams
and flies.
Vertebrates:
• Vertebrates can be classified into five
different groups:
• Reptiles are born from eggs. Their
body is covered with scales. They
move around in different ways: snakes
slither and lizards have short legs.
Some of them live on land, like lizards,
and some of them live in water, like
turtles.
• Birds are born from eggs. Their body
is covered with feathers. Most birds
can fly, like seagulls and sparrows.
• Mammals are born alive. Most
mammals have their body covered
with hair and they are born from their
mother’s womb.Lynxes, goats, sheep,
foxes or wolves are examples of
mammals.
Can you say the names of
these mammals? Try it.
• Fish are born from eggs, and their
body is covered with scales. They
move around by swimming. Some
examples are salmon,sharks, whales,
dolphins, tuna, sardines or squid.
• Amphibians are born from eggs and
their body is not covered with scales
or feathers or hair.They have a
smooth skin.They can live in water
and on land. Some examples are
toads, frogs, turtles or salamanders.
Invertebrates:
• Invertebrates have no backbone.
There are more invertebrates than
vertebrates. These animals live in
every part of the world.They can move
in different ways: butterflies fly,
worms slither or crawl, fleas jump and
prawns swim.
Plants:
• Plants are living things because they carry
out three vital processes. Plants make their
own food. Most plants are fixed to the
ground with their roots and they can not
move around.
• Plants make their own food. They use it to
get energy and the substances they need to
grow and develop.Plants need the sunlight ,
water and substances from the air and the
ground to make their food.
• Plants use their leaves to catch the
sunlight and other substances in the
air. They use their roots to catch the
water and substances in the soil. The
leaves make the food for the plant.
The process of reproduction:
• Lots of plants use seeds to reproduce.
The seeds of a plant are in its fruit.
When there is water and soil, these
seeds begin to grow and they produce
new plants.
The process of interaction:
• Plants can not move around. They do
not have sense organs but they are
sensitive to their surroundings.
• Most plants ggrow upwards, looking
for the sunlight.
• The roots of a plant grow downwards
looking for water.
Classifying plants.
• If we look at the size of plants we can
classfy them into trees, bushes and
grass
• Trees are very big plants. They have a
hard and thick stem called a
trunk.The branches of a tree grow
from the trunk and they do not grow
near the ground. Examples: orange
trees, olive trees, oak trees, pine
trees,….
• Bushes are smaller than trees. They
have a hard stem and branches grow
from the stem, near the ground. An
example can be the rose bush.
• Grass is the smallest plant. It has a
soft stem that bends and it is usually
green. Shamrocks and poppies are
examples.
• We can classify plants too into grown
plants or wild plants. It depends on
the way they grow.
• People grow plants because the plants
provide food, like wheat, or because
they provide shade and make the
garden pretty.
• Wild plants are those that grow on
their own. Nobody cultivates them.
• We can classify plants too depending on if
they have flowers or not.
• Plants without flowers: they live in wet,
cool places, like moss.
• Plants with flowers: They live in almost
every part of the world. Some live in
tropical rainforests, some live in deserts.
Pine trees, cacti and orange trees are
examples.
• Other way of classifying plants is
depending on what kind of leaves they have
got:
• Perennial leaves: they are plants that keep
their leaves all the year, like pine trees.
• Deciduous leaves: they are plants that lose
their leaves in autumn and grow new leaves
in spring, like chestnut trees.