Transcript What are the types of asexual reproduction?

TOPIC: Reproduction &
Development
AIM: How do living things
reproduce asexually?
All types of asexual
reproduction involve
MITOSIS
1.What type of organisms do these cartoon creatures
represent?
2.Why does the younger organism look like both adult
organisms?
1.Binary Fission:
• Unicellular
organisms
• Mitosis  2 new
identical
offspring
• EQUAL DIVISION of
cytoplasm
• Ameba, paramecium, bacteria…
2.Budding:
• Mitosis  UNEQUAL division
of cytoplasm
• New organism (bud) smaller than
parent but has same # of
chromosomes
• Ex: hydra, yeast
3.Sporualtion
• Formation of spores
• Cells that divide by mitosis into
new organism
• Ex: Bread mold, mushrooms…
4. Regeneration:
a. Ability to regrow lost body
parts
b. New organism forms from part
of the parent
• Ex: starfish, lobsters, lizards,
planaria
Regeneration of the freshwater planaria (flatworm)
This flatworm can be cut into as many as thirty-two pieces and it
can rebuild itself into thirty-two complete flatworms.
Salamanders: Salamanders can regenerate legs. When a
salamander is in the larval stage, it can regenerate a limb in thirty
to forty days! Adult salamanders can also regenerate limbs, but it
takes much longer and the leg is not as large as the original one.
Lizards: Lizards have the ability to replace lost limbs or a lost tail.
This is important because when a predator such as a hawk
captures the tail, the lizard can escape. The new tail lacks the
backbone of the original tail.
Frogs: A younger frog can regenerate limbs to a better extent
than an adult frog. For example, the tadpole can regenerate its
hind limbs.
Earthworm: When the worm is cut into two pieces, the head
grows a new tail. Interestingly, the tail grows another tail if the
portion cut off is larger than 15-20 segments. With two tails, this
portion dies.
Crayfish: Cray fish can regrow claws, pinchers, or legs. It is easy
to recognize the regenerated part because it is smaller than the
other parts. Just like the lizard, it can break off a claw or leg so
that it can escape when captured by a predator.
5. Vegetative Propagation
• Asexual Rep in plants
• NO SEEDS
• Part of plant grows into new
plant by mitosis
• Types:
a. Runners =Stems that grow over
surface of soil
– Ex: Strawberries
b. Bulbs = underground stems for
food storage
– Ex: tulips, onions
c. Tubers = enlarged part of
underground stem that store
food
– Ex: Potatoes
6. Artificial •
Vegetative
Propagation
Occurs as a
result of
human
activities
• Types:
a. Cuttings = any part from roots,
stems, or leaves that can
develop into new plants by
MITOSIS
b. Grafting = cutting from one plant
attached to stem of another plant
– Ex: Seedless Oranges
Graft at 2 months
Graft at 4 months
Graft at one year
Graft at three years