Chapter 31.1
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Transcript Chapter 31.1
Reproductive Structures of
Flowering Plants
AP Biology
Spring 2011
Flowers
form on a modified branch of the
sporophyte when master genes in the
apical meristem are turned on
Flower
parts are arranged in whorls of
modified leaves on the end of the
receptacle
Sepals:
outermost green, leaf-like parts
arranged in a ring called the calyx
Petals: the coloured parts located
between the reproductive structures and
the sepals, arranged in a ring called the
corolla
Stamens:
male parts, slender stalk
(filament) capped with an anther, inside
which pollen sacs enclose pollen grains
Carpels: female parts, vessel shaped
structures with an expanded lower ovary
(with ovules), slender column (style),
and an upper surface (stigma) for pollen
landing
Meiosis
of cells within flowers produces
haploid spores
• Microspores in the anther
• Megaspore in the ovule
They
then undergo mitosis to produce
the haploid gametophytes that
ultimately become the egg or sperm
The
egg and
the sperm
fuse to form
the diploid
zygote
As the zygote
develops into
a plant, the
seed is
formed
Complete
flowers: have all four whorls
(sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels)
Incomplete flowers: are missing one or
more whorls
Perfect
flowers: have both stamens and
carpel (both sexes on one flower)
Imperfect flowers: produce either
stamens or carpels and are known as
either “male” or “female” flowers