Transcript Document
All living things share some basic properties. Cellular Organization Reproduction Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy) Homeostasis Heredity Responsiveness Growth and Development Adapt Through Evolution Smallest unit capable of all life functions Unicellular Organisms Entire organism is made up of one single cell Bacteria and protists Multicellular Organisms The organism is made up of many cells Cells have specialized functions within the organism Reproduction is the process of producing new organisms of the same type Asexual Reproduction A single parent organism reproducing by itself Sexual Reproduction Two different parent organisms contribute genetic information Involves the combination of male and female sex cells Living organisms need energy to grow, develop, repair damage, and reproduce Anabolism The process of building up complex substances from simpler substances Building up cells and cellular components Photosynthesis Catabolism The process of breaking down complex substances into simpler substances to release energy Digestion Cellular Respiration Metabolism The total of all chemical reactions in an organism Anabolism + Catabolism = Metabolism A stable state of conditions in the body that are necessary for life Body temperature Blood volume pH balance Water balance Genes carry hereditary information Genes are composed of DNA Heredity is the reason children resemble their parents Mutations change DNA code and can be passed from generation to generation Organisms react to stimuli: Light Temperature Odor Sound Gravity Heat Water Pressure An example is a plant’s leaves and stems growing toward light Growth means to get bigger in size Development involves a change in the physical form or physiological make-up of an organism Adaptation A process that enables organisms to become better suited to their environment Species obtain adaptations through evolution over great periods of time An Example of Adaptation Desert plants have succulent waxy leaves and stems to store water and reduce water loss